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Darlington (UK Parliament constituency)

Coordinates:54°34′N1°35′W / 54.56°N 1.59°W /54.56; -1.59
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1868 onwards
Not to be confused withElectoral district of Darlington.

Darlington
County constituency
for theHouse of Commons
Map
Interactive map of boundaries from 2024
Map of constituency
Boundary of Darlington in the North East England
CountyCounty Durham
Electorate70,446 (2023)[1]
Major settlementsDarlington
Current constituency
Created1868
Member of ParliamentLola McEvoy (Labour)
SeatsOne
Created fromSouth Durham

Darlington is theparliamentary constituency for theeponymous market town inCounty Durham in the North East of England. It is currently represented in theHouse of Commons of theUK Parliament byLola McEvoy of theLabour Party, who was first elected in2024.[n 1]

The constituency was created for the1868 election.[2]

Constituency profile

[edit]

The constituency is tightly drawn around the Darlington urban boundary, and is slightly less wealthy and more deprived than the UK average figures.[3]

Boundaries

[edit]

1868–1885

[edit]

Under theReform Act 1867, the proposed contents of the new parliamentary borough were defined as the townships of Darlington, Haughton-le-Skerne, and Cockerton.[2] However, this was amended under the Boundary Act 1868, with the boundary defined as being coterminous with the Municipal Borough of Darlington.[4]

See map on Vision of Britain website.[5]

1885–1918

[edit]

As defined in 1868 with minor amendments.[6]

1918–1983

[edit]

The County Borough of Darlington.[7]

The boundaries were adjusted in 1918, 1950 and 1973 to reflect changes to the boundaries of the county borough.

1983–2010

[edit]

The Borough of Darlington wards of Bank Top, Central, Cockerton East, Cockerton West, college, Eastbourne North, Eastbourne South, Harrowgate Hill, Haughton East, Haughton West, Hummersknott, Lascelles, Lingfield, Mowden, Northgate North, Northgate South, North Road, Park East, Park West, and Pierremont.[8][9]

No change to boundaries.

2010–2024

[edit]
Map
Map of boundaries 2010–2024

The Borough of Darlington wards of Bank Top, Central, Cockerton East, Cockerton West, College, Eastbourne, Faverdale, Harrowgate Hill, Haughton East, Haughton North, Haughton West, Hummersknott, Lascelles, Lingfield, Mowden, Northgate, North Road, Park East, Park West, and Pierremont.[10]

Minor change to reflect new ward boundaries.

2024–present

[edit]

Following the2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, from the2024 general election, the constituency comprises the following:

The Borough of Darlington wards of: Bank Top & Lascelles; Brinkburn & Faverdale; Cockerton; College; Eastbourne; Harrowgate Hill; Haughton & Springfield; Heighington & Coniscliffe; Hummersknott; Mowden; North Road; Northgate; Park East; Park West; Pierremont; Red Hall & Lingfield; Stephenson; Whinfield.[11]

The constituency was expanded slightly to bring the electorate within the permitted range, by adding the rural ward of Heighington & Coniscliffe from the abolished constituency ofSedgefield.

Political history

[edit]

The seat has been held by all three major parties in its long existence, but has been amarginal constituency between theLabour andConservative parties in the years since theSecond World War. Labour held the seat for 27 years from1992 with their candidateJenny Chapman winning the seat in2010 with a 3,388 majority down from 10,404 in the previous election. In 2015, her majority over the Conservatives fell to 3,158. In the 2019 general election ConservativePeter Gibson defeated Chapman with a 3,294 majority before being defeated himself in 2024 by Lola McEvoy of Labour by a margin of 2,298

Members of Parliament

[edit]
ElectionMember[12]Party
1868Edmund BackhouseLiberal
1880Theodore FryLiberal
1895Arthur PeaseLiberal Unionist
1898 by-electionHerbert PeaseLiberal Unionist
1910Trebitsch LincolnLiberal
1910Herbert PeaseUnionist
1923 by-electionWilliam Edwin PeaseUnionist
1926 by-electionArthur ShepherdLabour
1931Charles PeatConservative
1945David HardmanLabour
1951Fergus GrahamConservative
1959Anthony Bourne-ArtonConservative
1964Ted FletcherLabour
1983 by-electionOswald O'BrienLabour
1983Michael FallonConservative
1992Alan MilburnLabour
2010Jenny ChapmanLabour
2019Peter GibsonConservative
2024Lola McEvoyLabour

Elections

[edit]
Election results 1885-2024

Elections in the 2020s

[edit]
General election 2024: Darlington[13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourLola McEvoy16,62139.2+0.3
ConservativePeter Gibson14,32333.8−15.9
ReformMichael Walker6,85216.2+12.6
GreenMatthew Snedker2,8476.7+4.2
Liberal DemocratsSimon Thorley1,7354.1−0.5
Majority2,2985.4N/A
Turnout42,37859.9−5.8
Labourgain fromConservativeSwing+8.1

Elections in the 2010s

[edit]
General election 2019: Darlington[14][15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativePeter Gibson20,90148.1+4.8
LabourJenny Chapman17,60740.5–10.1
Liberal DemocratsAnne-Marie Curry2,0974.8+2.5
Brexit PartyDave Mawson1,5443.5New
GreenMatthew Snedker1,0572.4+1.2
IndependentMonty Brack2920.7New
Majority3,2947.6N/A
Turnout43,49865.6−2.0
Conservativegain fromLabourSwing+7.4
General election 2017: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourJenny Chapman[16]22,68150.6+7.7
ConservativePeter Cuthbertson[17]19,40143.3+8.1
UKIPKevin Brack1,1802.6−10.5
Liberal DemocratsAnne-Marie Curry1,0312.3−2.5
GreenMatthew Snedker5241.2−2.3
Majority3,2807.3−0.4
Turnout44,81767.6+5.1
LabourholdSwing−0.2
General election 2015: Darlington[18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourJenny Chapman17,63742.9+3.5
ConservativePeter Cuthbertson[19]14,47935.2+3.7
UKIPDavid Hodgson[20]5,39213.1+10.3
Liberal DemocratsAnne-Marie Curry[21]1,9664.8−18.6
GreenMichael Cherrington[22]1,4443.5New
TUSCAlan Docherty[23]2230.5New
Majority3,1587.7−0.2
Turnout41,14162.5+0.6
LabourholdSwing−0.1

In the 2015 election, 89 ballot papers were issued omitting the UKIP candidate before the error was corrected.[24]

General election 2010: Darlington[25][26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourJenny Chapman16,89139.4−13.0
ConservativeEdward Legard13,50331.5+5.5
Liberal DemocratsMike Barker10,04623.4+4.9
BNPAmanda Foster1,2622.9New
UKIPCharlotte Bull1,1942.8+0.9
Majority3,3887.9−18.5
Turnout42,89661.9+1.6
LabourholdSwing−9.2

Elections in the 2000s

[edit]
General election 2005: Darlington[27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourAlan Milburn20,64352.4−3.9
ConservativeAnthony Frieze10,23926.0−4.3
Liberal DemocratsRobert Adamson7,26918.5+7.6
UKIPJohn Hoodless7301.9New
VeritasDavid Davies5071.3New
Majority10,40426.4+0.4
Turnout39,38860.88[28]−1.2
LabourholdSwing+0.2
General election 2001: Darlington[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourAlan Milburn22,47956.3−5.3
ConservativeTony Richmond12,09530.3+2.0
Liberal DemocratsRobert Adamson4,35810.9+3.7
Socialist AllianceAlan Docherty4691.2New
IndependentCraig Platt2690.7New
Socialist LabourAmanda Rose2290.6New
Majority10,38426.0−7.3
Turnout39,89962.1[28]−11.8
LabourholdSwing−3.6

Elections in the 1990s

[edit]
General election 1997: Darlington[30][31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourAlan Milburn29,65861.6+13.5
ConservativePeter Scrope13,63328.3−14.7
Liberal DemocratsLeslie Boxell3,4837.2−1.1
ReferendumMichael Blakey1,3992.9New
Majority16,02533.3+28.2
Turnout48,17273.9−9.7
LabourholdSwing
General election 1992: Darlington[32][33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourAlan Milburn26,55648.1+6.5
ConservativeMichael Fallon23,75843.0−3.6
Liberal DemocratsPeter Bergg4,5868.3−3.5
BNPDonald Clarke3550.6New
Majority2,7985.1N/A
Turnout55,25583.6+2.8
Labourgain fromConservativeSwing+5.0

Elections in the 1980s

[edit]
General election 1987: Darlington[34]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeMichael Fallon24,83146.6+2.0
LabourOssie O'Brien22,17041.6+3.8
LiberalArthur Collinge6,28911.8−5.6
Majority2,6615.0−1.8
Turnout53,29080.80.0
ConservativeholdSwing
General election 1983: Darlington[35]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeMichael Fallon22,43444.6
LabourOssie O'Brien18,99637.8
SDPRay Dutton8,73717.4
Christian Democratic PartyA.H. Clark1080.2New
Majority3,4386.8N/A
Turnout50,27580.8
Conservativegain fromLabourSwing
1983 Darlington by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourOssie O'Brien20,54439.5−6.0
ConservativeMichael Fallon18,13234.9−8.5
SDPAnthony Cook12,73524.5+14.3
Monster Raving LoonyScreaming Lord Sutch3740.7New
IndependentArthur Clark1640.3New
Tactical Voting Annihilates Bennite TatchellitesThomas Keen270.1New
Yoga and MeditationJitendra Bardwaj150.0New
RepublicanPeter Smith100.0New
Majority2,4124.6+2.5
Turnout52,001
LabourholdSwing+1.25

Elections in the 1970s

[edit]
General election 1979: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourEdward Fletcher22,56545.520.0
ConservativeTimothy Kirkhope21,51343.39+5.8
LiberalK. Walker5,05410.19−6.4
National FrontH. Outhwaite4440.90New
Majority1,0522.12−5.8
Turnout49,57678.40+4.00
LabourholdSwing−2.82
General election October 1974: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourEdward Fletcher21,33445.55
ConservativeBrian Hord17,62037.62
LiberalPeter Freitag7,88216.83
Majority3,7147.93
Turnout46,83674.40
LabourholdSwing
General election February 1974: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourEdward Fletcher20,54640.75
ConservativeBrian Hord18,47736.65
LiberalPeter Freitag11,39822.61
Majority2,0694.10
Turnout50,42180.78
LabourholdSwing
General election 1970: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourEdward Fletcher23,20848.47
ConservativeAnthony Bourne-Arton19,44740.62
LiberalStuart S. Newton5,22210.91
Majority3,7617.85
Turnout47,87776.44
LabourholdSwing

Elections in the 1960s

[edit]
General election 1966: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourEdward Fletcher23,90950.50
ConservativeAnthony Bourne-Arton19,54641.28
LiberalRobert Oakeshott3,8918.22
Majority4,3639.22
Turnout47,34682.26
LabourholdSwing
General election 1964: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourEdward Fletcher21,75145.15
ConservativeAnthony Bourne-Arton19,84141.19
LiberalGurney Pease6,57813.66
Majority1,9103.96N/A
Turnout48,17082.98
Labourgain fromConservativeSwing

Elections in the 1950s

[edit]
General election 1959: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeAnthony Bourne-Arton24,31848.56
LabourRonald Lewis19,90139.74
LiberalJohn Patrick McQuade5,86311.71New
Majority4,4178.82
Turnout50,08284.40
ConservativeholdSwing
General election 1955: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeFergus Graham25,76552.64
LabourArnold John Parkinson23,18447.36
Majority2,5815.28
Turnout48,94982.34
ConservativeholdSwing
General election 1951: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeFergus Graham26,85850.77
LabourDavid Hardman26,04549.23
Majority8131.54N/A
Turnout52,90387.11
Conservativegain fromLabourSwing
General election 1950: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourDavid Hardman23,52844.78
ConservativeGeraldyne Edith Mary Walford17,42133.16
LiberalGordon Victor Rogers11,58822.06
Majority6,10711.62
Turnout52,53788.48
LabourholdSwing

Election in the 1940s

[edit]
General election 1945: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourDavid Hardman21,44248.91
ConservativeCharles Peat13,15330.02
LiberalGordon Victor Rogers9,21521.03
Majority8,28918.89N/A
Turnout43,81080.09
Labourgain fromConservativeSwing

Elections in the 1930s

[edit]
General election 1935: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeCharles Peat22,32055.21
LabourArthur Shepherd18,10544.79
Majority4,21510.42
Turnout40,43584.79
ConservativeholdSwing
General election 1931: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeCharles Peat24,41660.72
LabourArthur Shepherd15,79839.28
Majority8,61821.44N/A
Turnout40,21489.47
Conservativegain fromLabourSwing

Elections in the 1920s

[edit]
General election 1929: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourArthur Shepherd17,06144.0−0.5
UnionistRobert Stewart15,59640.2−3.1
LiberalJohn Joseph Richardson6,14915.8+3.6
Majority1,4653.8+2.6
Turnout38,80689.6+2.0
LabourholdSwing+1.3
1926 Darlington by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourArthur Shepherd12,96544.5−1.7
UnionistE. H. Pease12,63643.3−10.5
LiberalJohn Dickie3,57312.2New
Majority3291.2N/A
Turnout29,17487.6+1.5
Labourgain fromUnionistSwing+4.4
General election 1924: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistWilliam Edwin Pease15,17453.8+11.6
LabourArthur Shepherd13,00846.2+12.6
Majority2,1667.6−1.0
Turnout28,18286.1−0.7
UnionistholdSwing−0.5
General election 1923: Darlington[36]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistWilliam Edwin Pease11,63842.2−14.4
LabourWill Sherwood9,28433.6−9.8
LiberalRobert Wright6,69724.2New
Majority2,3548.6−4.6
Turnout27,61986.8+1.5
UnionistholdSwing−2.3
1923 Darlington by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistWilliam Edwin Pease14,68456.6+6.9
LabourWill Sherwood11,27143.4+9.6
Majority3,41313.2−2.7
Turnout25,95585.3−2.7
UnionistholdSwing−1.4
General election 1922: Darlington
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistHerbert Pease13,28649.7−11.8
LabourWill Sherwood9,04833.8New
LiberalThomas Crooks4,41916.5−22.0
Majority4,23815.9−7.1
Turnout26,75388.0+20.2
UnionistholdSwingN/A

Election results 1868–1918

[edit]

Elections in the 1860s

[edit]
General election 1868: Darlington[37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalEdmund Backhouse1,78967.2
Independent LiberalHenry King Spark[38]87532.8
Majority91434.4
Turnout2,66487.1
Registered electors3,057
Liberalwin (new seat)

Elections in the 1870s

[edit]
General election 1874: Darlington[37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalEdmund Backhouse1,62545.9−21.3
Independent LiberalHenry King Spark[39]1,60745.4+12.6
ConservativeThomas Gibson Bowles[40]3058.6New
Majority180.5−33.9
Turnout3,53786.8−0.3
Registered electors4,073
LiberalholdSwing−17.0

Elections in the 1880s

[edit]
General election 1880: Darlington[37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalTheodore Fry2,77267.6+21.7
Independent LiberalHenry King Spark[41][42]1,33132.4−13.0
Majority1,44135.2+34.7
Turnout4,10382.6−4.2
Registered electors4,966
LiberalholdSwing+17.4
Wilson-Todd
General election 1885: Darlington[43][44][45]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalTheodore Fry3,30261.2−6.4
ConservativeWilliam Wilson-Todd2,09638.8New
Majority1,20622.4−12.8
Turnout5,39891.4+8.8
Registered electors5,907
LiberalholdSwing
General election 1886: Darlington[43][44]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalTheodore Fry2,62050.5–10.7
Liberal UnionistH. O. Arnold-Forster2,56349.5+10.7
Majority571.0–21.4
Turnout5,18387.7–3.7
Registered electors5,907
LiberalholdSwing–10.7

Elections in the 1890s

[edit]
General election 1892: Darlington[43][44]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalTheodore Fry2,86650.50.0
Liberal UnionistArthur Pease2,81049.50.0
Majority561.00.0
Turnout5,67693.9+6.2
Registered electors6,045
LiberalholdSwing0.0
General election 1895: Darlington[43][44][46]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistArthur Pease3,35455.4+5.9
LiberalTheodore Fry2,69744.6–5.9
Majority65710.8N/A
Turnout6,05192.2–1.7
Registered electors6,560
Liberal Unionistgain fromLiberalSwing+5.9

Pease's death causes a by-election.

Philipps
1898 Darlington by-election[43][44][46]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistHerbert Pease3,49755.5+0.1
LiberalOwen Philipps2,80944.5−0.1
Majority68811.0+0.2
Turnout6,30690.7−1.5
Registered electors6,952
Liberal UnionistholdSwing+0.1

Elections in the 1900s

[edit]
General election 1900: Darlington[43][44][46]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistHerbert PeaseUnopposed
Liberal Unionisthold
Mitchell
General election 1906: Darlington[43][44]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistHerbert Pease4,37551.7N/A
Labour Repr. Cmte.Isaac Mitchell4,08748.3New
Majority2883.4N/A
Turnout8,46293.2N/A
Registered electors9,078
Liberal UnionistholdSwingN/A

Elections in the 1910s

[edit]
Lincoln
General election January 1910: Darlington[43][47]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalIgnaz Trebitsch-Lincoln4,81550.2New
Liberal UnionistHerbert Pease4,78649.8−1.9
Majority290.4N/A
Turnout9,60195.1+1.9
Registered electors10,097
Liberalgain fromLiberal UnionistSwing
Maddison
General election December 1910: Darlington[47]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistHerbert Pease4,88152.2+2.4
Lib-LabFrederick Maddison4,47547.8−2.4
Majority4064.4N/A
Turnout9,35692.7−2.4
Registered electors10,097
Liberal Unionistgain fromLiberalSwing+2.4
Scott

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

General election 1918: Darlington[36]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
CUnionistHerbert Pease11,95161.5+9.3
LiberalAlfred Scott7,49438.5−9.3
Majority4,45723.0+18.6
Turnout19,44567.8−24.9
UnionistholdSwing+9.3
Cindicatescandidate endorsed by the coalition government.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by thefirst past the post system of election at least every five years.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – North East". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved3 July 2024.
  2. ^ab"Representation of the People Act 1867"(PDF). p. 22.Archived(PDF) from the original on 2 July 2021. Retrieved23 May 2020.
  3. ^Electoral Calculushttps://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/fcgi-bin/seatdetails.py?seat=Darlington
  4. ^"Boundary Act 1868". 1807. p. 158.
  5. ^"HMSO Boundary Commission Report 1868, Darlington".
  6. ^"Redistribution of Seats Act 1885". Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports. p. 129.
  7. ^Craig, Fred W. S. (1972).Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885–1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. pp. 11, 59, 129.ISBN 0-900178-09-4.OCLC 539011.
  8. ^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983"(PDF). p. 24.
  9. ^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". In the County of Durham.
  10. ^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". In Durham and Darlington.
  11. ^"The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 4 North East region.
  12. ^Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "D" (part 1)
  13. ^"Statement of Persons Nominated, Notice of Poll and Situation of Polling Stations"(PDF).Darlington Borough Council. 7 June 2024. Retrieved3 July 2024.
  14. ^"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived(PDF) from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved15 November 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. ^"UK Parliamentary (General) Election – 12 December 2019 results". Darlington Borough Council. 13 December 2019.Archived from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved13 December 2019.
  16. ^Sam Howarth [@SamHowarth1991] (23 April 2017)."Great to be at @JennyChapman #GE2017 launch in a sunny South Park today – let's win again in Darlington! 🌹" (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  17. ^"Watkins back for third go at Tooting. Macleod battles Cracknell for Brentford & Isleworth. Latest candidate news. – Conservative Home".conservativehome.com. 26 April 2017.Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved20 April 2018.
  18. ^"Election Data 2015".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved17 October 2015.
  19. ^"Conservatives announce Parliamentary candidate for Darlington".The Northern Echo. 17 August 2014.Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved20 April 2018.
  20. ^"Darlington UKIP candidate pledges to stop "appalling waste" of UK resources".The Northern Echo. 28 January 2015.Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved20 April 2018.
  21. ^"Liberal Democrats announce their Darlington candidate for the General Election (From the Northern Echo)". Archived fromthe original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved15 February 2015.
  22. ^"Greens name election candidates".The Northern Echo. 15 January 2015.Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved20 April 2018.
  23. ^"TUSC parliamentary candidates in May 2015"(PDF).Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition. 4 February 2015.Archived(PDF) from the original on 7 February 2015.
  24. ^Election 2015, BBC, 8 May 2015
  25. ^"Election Data 2010".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved17 October 2015.
  26. ^"Election 2010 – Darlington". BBC News.Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved6 May 2010.
  27. ^"Election Data 2005".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015.
  28. ^ab"UK Parliamentary (General) Election Results 2001 to 2010". Darlington Borough Council.Archived from the original on 19 December 2019. Retrieved19 December 2019.
  29. ^"Election Data 2001".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015.
  30. ^"Election Data 1997".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015.
  31. ^"Darlington [Archive]".politicsresources.net.Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved20 April 2018.
  32. ^"Election Data 1992".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015.
  33. ^"Politics Resources".Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived fromthe original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved6 December 2010.
  34. ^"Election Data 1987".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015.
  35. ^"Election Data 1983".Electoral Calculus. Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015.
  36. ^abBritish Parliamentary Election Results 1918–1949, FWS Craig
  37. ^abcCraig, F. W. S., ed. (1977).British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press.ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  38. ^"H K Spark's Candidature".Durham Chronicle. 17 July 1868. p. 7. Retrieved6 February 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  39. ^"Mr H. K. Spark and the Darlington Town Council".Sunderland Daily Echo and Shipping Gazette. 6 April 1874. p. 2. Retrieved29 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  40. ^"Banquet to Mr Bowles at Darlington".The Northern Echo. 28 May 1874. p. 3. Retrieved29 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  41. ^"Mr H. K. Spark Again".Hartlepool Northern Daily Mail. 2 July 1885. p. 2. Retrieved25 November 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  42. ^"Yesterday's Nominations".Sheffield Daily Telegraph. 31 March 1880. p. 6. Retrieved25 November 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  43. ^abcdefghBritish Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, FWS Craig
  44. ^abcdefgThe Liberal Year Book, 1907
  45. ^Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886
  46. ^abcDebrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  47. ^abDebrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  48. ^Daily Gazette for Middlesbrough 24 June 1914

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