| Daphniphyllum majus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Daphniphyllaceae |
| Genus: | Daphniphyllum |
| Species: | D. majus |
| Binomial name | |
| Daphniphyllum majus | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Occurring as ashrub or as atree,Daphniphyllum majus is a species in the familyDaphniphyllaceae. It is found inMainland Southeast Asia andYunnan inChina. Uses of the plant include fuel andsmoking-material.
The species is in section Lunata ofDaphniphyllum, along withD. calycinum andD. griffithianum.[6]
This species has 4 accepted infraspecific varieties:
Daphniphyllum majus grow from 2m to 10m tall.[8][9] Its grayish-brown branchlets are stout and densely covered inlenticels. The leaf blade is green when dry, glaucous below, oblong-elliptic or obovate-oblong in shape, (16-)20-37 × 7-14 cm, apex acuminate, reticulate veins are prominent on both surfaces. Along with some others species of the genus,D. majus has loosely arranged conical to roundpalisade cells in its leaves.[6] The species also has small (20 microns) irregularepidermal guard cells on the adaxial ("top") side of the leaf and bigger (24 microns) dome-shaped epidermal/guard cells on the abaxial side along with leaf stomata that arehemiparacytic (traits only shared withD. calycinum). Thecalyx is persistent, 2-3mm in size. The fruit 10-15 mm, not glaucous, loosely arranged. The plant flowers in China in March and April, fruiting from October to December.
Var.pierrei is a tall shrub, growing 1 to 6m tall.[10]
The species overall is native toThailand,Cambodia,Vietnam, southernYunnan (where it is found inJinghong,Maguan,Malipo,Menghai, andPingbian counties andSimao District),Laos andMyanmar.[7] Var.deciduum is endemic to Cambodia.[11][8] The nominate variety, var.majus, is found in Thailand, Myanmar and Yunnan.[2] Var.phanrangense is endemic to Vietnam.[4] Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos are the native regions for the var.pierrei.[5]
In China,D. majus is found in forest at between 1100 and 1500m elevation.[8] Var.pierrei is found in coastal forests.[10]
Daphniphyllum majus is known as 大叶虎皮楠da ye hu pi nan in China.[8]Var.pierrei is known asrum dé:nh orchâmbâk pra:ng inKhmer.[10]
The dried leaves of var.pierrei are smoked (as in tobacco) in Cambodia. The wood is excellent firewood.[10]
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