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Dagpo KagyuTibetan:དྭགས་པོ་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད,Wylie:dwags po bka' brgyud encompasses the branches of theKagyu school ofTibetan Buddhism that trace their lineage back throughGampopa (1079-1153), who was also known as Dagpo Lhaje (Tibetan:དྭགས་པོ་ལྷ་རྗེ,Wylie:dwags po lha rje) "the Physician from Dagpo" and Nyamed Dakpo Rinpoche "Incomparable Precious One from Dagpo". All the institutional branches of the Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism surviving today, including theDrikung Kagyu, theDrukpa Lineage and theKarma Kagyu, are branches of the Dagpo Kagyu.
Narrowly, the term Dagpo Kagyu is sometimes used to refer specifically to the lineage of Gampopa's own monastery of Dagla Gampo. This lineage passed from Gampopa to his own nephew Dagpo Gomtsul.Dagpo Tashi Namgyal (1511-1587) was an important lama in this lineage.
Following Gampopa's teachings, there evolved the so-called "Four Primary and Eight Secondary" lineages of the Dagpo Kagyu School.
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The eight secondary lineages (zung bzhi ya brgyad orchung brgyad) of the Dagpo Kagyu all branched from thePhagdru Kagyu tradition and were founded by senior disciples ofPhagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo or their immediate successors.
TheDrukpa Lineage, often enumerated outside the four primary and eight secondary sub-schools, was founded by Ling Repa's discipleTsangpa Gyare (1161–1211). His fifth incarnation and eighteenth hereditary lineage holder,Ngawang Namgyal (1594–1651), the 1stZhabdrung Rinpoche, founded the state ofBhutan and established the Southern Drukpa Lineage as its state religion.
The principal Dagpo Kagyu lineages existing today as organized schools are the Karma, Drikung and Drukpa Kagyu. For the most part, the teachings and main esoteric transmissions of the other Dagpo Kagyu lineages have been absorbed into one or another of these three independent schools.
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