Extinct genus of conifers of the family Araucariaceae
Agathoxylon Dadoxylon Araucarioxylon [ 3] form genus offossil wood , including massivetree trunks . Although identified from the late Palaeozoic to the end of the Mesozoic,[ 4] Agathoxylon is common from theCarboniferous toTriassic .[ 5] Agathoxylon represents the wood of multiple conifer groups, including bothAraucariaceae [ 6] Cheirolepidiaceae ,[ 7] seed plant groups like "pteridosperms ".[ 8]
Agathoxylon were large trees that bore long strap-like leaves and trunks with small, narrow rays.[ 5] silica in solution in the ground water becoming deposited within the wood cells. This mode offossilization is termedpermineralization .
As a genus,Dadoxylon was poorly defined, and apart from Araucariaceae, has been associated with fossil wood as diverse asCordaitales ,[ 9] Glossopteridales andPodocarpaceae . Furthermore, it may be the same form genus asAraucarioxylon , hence the usageDadoxylon (Araucarioxylon ).[ 10] Agathoxylon , classified under thefamily Araucariaceae ,[ 11] Araucarioxylon andDadoxylon .[ 12] [ 13] [ 8]
SeveralDadoxylon species, such asD. brandlingii andD. saxonicum have been identified asAraucarites [ 14] D. arberi andD. sp.1 were synonymised with theglossopterid speciesAustraloxylon teixterae A. natalense , respectively; whileD. sp. 2 was transferred toProtophyllocladoxylon
Agathoxylon arizonicum Araucarioxylon arizonicum ]Chinle Formation , Arizona, New Mexico, United States Late TriassicAgathoxylon africanum (Bamford 1999) [=Araucarioxylon africanum ]:Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone ,Middleton Formation andNormandien Formation toCynognathus Assemblage Zone ,Burgersdorp Formation andDriekoppen Formation ,Beaufort Group ,South Africa ,[ 15] Lebung Group ,Botswana [ 16] Agathoxylon agathioides (Kräusel & Jain) :La Matilde Formation ,Argentina Agathoxylon antarcticus (Poole & Cantrill 2001) Pujanaet al. 2014 [=A. matildense ,Araucarioxylon antarcticus ]:Santa Marta Formation andLa Meseta Formation ,Antarctica [ 17] [ 18] Agathoxylon arberi (Seward 1919) [=Dadoxylon arberi ]Agathoxylon australe [=Dadoxylon australe ]Agathoxylon bougheyi Williams [=Dadoxylon bougheyi ]:Madumabisa Mudstone Formation ,Zambia andSomabula Beds ,Zimbabwe [ 19] Agathoxylon cordaianum Hartig 1848 Agathoxylon desnoyersii (Phillipe 2011) [=Araucarioxylon desnoyersii ]Agathoxylon duplicatum (Vogellehner 1965) [=Dadoxylon duplicatum ]:Germany [ 20] Agathoxylon jamudhiense (Maheshwari 1963) [=Dadoxylon jamudhiense ]:India [ 21] Agathoxylon karooensis (Bamford 1999) [=Araucarioxylon karooensis ]:Daptocephalus AZ, Middleton and Normandien Formations, South AfricaAgathoxylon kellerense (Lucas and Lacey 1984) [=Araucarioxylon kellerense ,Dadoxylon kellerense ]: Santa Marta Formation, AntarcticaAgathoxylon lemonii Tidwell & Thayn 1986 :Dakota Formation ,Utah Agathoxylon maharashtraensis (Prasad 1982) [=Dadoxylon maharashtraensis ]: India[ 22] Agathoxylon parenchymatosum (Vogellehner 1965) [=Araucarioxylon parenchymatosum ,Dadoxylon parenchymatosum ]:Forest Sandstone Formation ,Botswana [ 23] Agathoxylon pseudoparenchymatosum (Gothan 1908) Pujanaet al. 2014 [=Araucarioxylon chilense ,A. kerguelense ,A. novaezeelandii ,A. pseudoparenchymatosum ,Dadoxylon kaiparaense ,D. kergulense ,D. pseudoparenchymatosum ]: Santa Marta Formation, AntarcticaAgathoxylon santacruzense Kloster and Gnaedinger 2018 : La Matilde Formation, ArgentinaAgathoxylon santalense (Sah & Jain) : La Matilde Formation, ArgentinaAgathoxylon sclerosum (Walton) Kräusel 1956 [=Dadoxylon sclerosum ,Kaokoxylon sclerosum ]:Malay Peninsula ,[ 24] Dwyka Group toMolteno Formation ,Stormberg Group , South Africa, andNtawere Formation ,Zambia [ 25] Agathoxylon termieri (Attims) Gnaedinger & Herbst : La Matilde Formation, ArgentinaAgathoxylon ulmitus Iamandei & Iamandei 2004 :Romania [ 26] Agathoxylon woodworthii (Knowlton 1899) [=Dadoxylon woodworthii ]:United States Agathoxylon is common in many parts of the world, found in sites of bothGondwana andLaurasia and reported fromsouthern Africa ,[ 27] [ 28] Asia ,[ 29] Middle East ,[ 30] Europe ,[ 14] South America ,[ 31] [ 3] North America .[ 5]
In southern Africa,Agathoxylon is widespread in theKaroo Supergroup .[ 32] Zimbabwe , it is especially encountered in thePebbly Arkose Formation ,[ 27] Angwa Sandstone Formation .[ 33] [ 34]
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