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Daasanach language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lowland East Cushitic language of East Africa
Daasanach
Af Daasanach,’Daasanach
Native toEthiopia,Kenya,South Sudan
RegionLowerOmo River,Lake Turkana
EthnicityDaasanach
Native speakers
71,000 (2007–2019)[1]
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3dsh
Glottologdaas1238
ELPDaasanach

Daasanach (also known as Dasenech, Daasanech, Dathanaik, Dathanaic, Dathanik, Dhaasanac, Gheleba, Geleba, Geleb, Gelebinya, Gallab, Galuba, Gelab, Gelubba, Dama, Marille, Merile, Merille, Morille, Reshiat, Russia) is aCushitic language spoken by theDaasanach inEthiopia,South Sudan andKenya whose homeland is along the LowerOmo River and on the shores ofLake Turkana.[2]

Phonology

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Consonants

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LabialDental/
Alveolar
Post-
alveolar
PalatalVelarGlottal
Plosiveplainb   c   ɟk   ɡʔ
implosiveɓɗ̠ʄɠ
Fricativecentralf   (v)ð(h)
sibilants   (z)ʃ
Nasalmnɲŋ
Trillr
Laterall
Approximantwj
  • A glottal [h] may also occur in word-initial position, when preceding vowels in various positions
  • /ð/ may freely alternate with an alveolar [z] among speakers.
  • /w/ may be heard as a fricative [v] when before front vowels.
  • Sounds /t̪, k/ can be heard as spiranted [ð, ɣ] in intervocalic positions. /k/ can also be heard as uvular [χ] when in between back vowel sounds.
  • /k/ can be heard as a uvular [q] when before back vowel sounds.
  • /ɗ̠/ in intervocalic positions can be deglottalized, and heard as either retroflex sounds [ɖ] or [ɽ].[3]

Vowels

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FrontCentralBack
Closeɪʊ
Midɛɛːɔɔː
Opena

Writing system

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Jim Ness and Susan Ness of Bible Translation and Literacy and Wycliffe Bible Translators devised a practical spelling and published a 1995 alphabet book. Yergalech Komoi and Gosh Kwanyangʼ published another alphabet book in 1995. An edition of theGospel of Mark was published in 1997, and other Bible translations were published with this spelling in 1999.[4]The alphabet was later revised, with the digraph⟨dh⟩ replaced by a bowl-struckđ (approximately⟨d̶⟩).

Daasanach alphabet[5][6][4]
Lettersʼabʼbchdʼdđefgʼghiʼjklmnngʼnyorsshtuvwy
Pronunciationʔabɓcdɗðefgɠhiɟklmnŋɲorsʃtuvwj

Vowels can be given with the acute accent,⟨á, é, í, ó, ú⟩, or the circumflex accent⟨â, ê, î, ô, û⟩.[5][6]

Notes

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  1. ^Daasanach atEthnologue (27th ed., 2024)Closed access icon
  2. ^Raymond G. Gordon Jr., ed. 2005.Ethnologue: Languages of the World. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
  3. ^Tosco 2001, p. 16-34.
  4. ^abTosco 2001, p. 7.
  5. ^abNyingole & Kwanyangʼ 2013a.
  6. ^abNyingole & Kwanyangʼ 2013b.

Further reading

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External links

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