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| Czech Socialist Republic (1969–1990) Česká socialistická republika (Czech) Czech Republic (1990–1992) Česká republika (Czech) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Federal subject of theCzechoslovak Socialist Republic (1969–90) andCzech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–92) | |||||||||
| 1969–1992 | |||||||||
 Czech Socialist Republic within theČSSR | |||||||||
| Capital | Prague | ||||||||
| Government | |||||||||
| • Type | Socialist republic (1968–89) Parliamentary republic (1989–92) | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1969 | Stanislav Rázl (first) | ||||||||
• 1990 | Petr Pithart (last) | ||||||||
| Legislature | Czech National Council | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 1 January 1969 | |||||||||
| 17 November – 29 December 1989 | |||||||||
| 31 December 1992 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Czech Republic | ||||||||
TheCzech Socialist Republic (Czech:Česká socialistická republika,ČSR) was a republic within theCzechoslovak Socialist Republic. The name was used from 1 January 1969 to November 1989, when the previously unitary Czechoslovak state changed into afederation. From 1990 to 1992, theCzech Republic (Czech:Česká republika,ČR) existed as a federal subject within theCzech and Slovak Federative Republic, and later became the independentCzech Republic.
After theWarsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, liberalisation reforms were stopped and reverted. The only exception was the federalization of the country. The former centralist state Czechoslovakia was divided in two parts: theCzech Socialist Republic and theSlovak Socialist Republic by theConstitutional Law of Federation of 28 October 1968, which went into effect on 1 January 1969. New national parliaments (theCzech National Council and theSlovak National Council) were created and the traditional parliament of Czechoslovakia was renamed the "Federal Assembly" and was divided in two chambers: theHouse of the People (Czech:Sněmovna lidu,Slovak:Snemovňa ľudu) and theHouse of Nations (Czech:Sněmovna národů,Slovak:Snemovňa národov). Very complicated rules of voting were put in effect.
After theVelvet Revolution which brought the end of socialism in Czechoslovakia, the wordsocialist was dropped from the names of the two republics. Thus, on 6 March 1990 the Czech Socialist Republic was renamed theCzech Republic (though it was still a part of Czech and Slovak Federative Republic).
The complicated system of parliamentary voting (there werede facto five different bodies each having right ofveto) was kept after the fall of socialism, complicating and delaying political decisions during radical changes in the economy.
Later, in 1992, the Czech Republic became anindependent state (seeDissolution of Czechoslovakia).
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