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Curtiss T-32 Condor II

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Family of airliners and bomber aircraft
T-32 Condor II
A USAAC YC-30 in 1933
General information
TypeBiplane transport and bomber
ManufacturerCurtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
Number built45
History
First flight30 January1933
Developed fromB-2 Condor

TheCurtiss T-32 Condor II was a 1930sAmerican biplaneairliner andbomber aircraft built by theCurtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company. It was used by theUnited States Army Air Corps as an executive transport.

Development

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The Condor II was a 1933 two-baybiplane of mixed construction with a singlevertical stabilizer andrudder, and retractablelanding gear. It was powered by twoWright Cycloneradial engines. The first aircraft was flown on 30 January 1933 and a production batch of 21 aircraft was then built. The production aircraft were fitted out as 12-passenger luxury night sleeper transports. They entered service with Eastern Air Transport and American Airways, forerunners ofEastern Air Lines andAmerican Airlines, respectively, on regular night services for the next three years. The June 15, 1934, American Airlines system timetable marketed its Condors as being "The World's First Complete Sleeper-Planes" with these 12-passenger aircraft being equipped with sleeper berths and also being capable of cruising at 190 miles per hour.[1] An example of the Condor services operated by American were daily overnight flights between Dallas and Los Angeles during the mid-1930s with a routing of Dallas–Ft. Worth–Abilene–Big Spring, TX–El Paso–Douglas, AZ–Tucson–Phoenix–Los Angeles.[2]

TheColombian Air Force operated three BT-32s equipped with floats in theColombia-Peru War in 1933.

Two modified T-32s were bought by the United States Army Air Corps (designatedYC-30) for use as executive transports. One Condor was converted with extra fuel tanks and used by the 1939–1941United States Antarctic Service Expedition, and unique for a Condor, had a fixed undercarriage to allow use on floats or skis. Some aircraft were later modified toAT-32 standard withvariable-pitch propellers and improved enginenacelles. The AT-32D variant could be converted from sleeper configuration to daytime use with 15 seats. Four T-32s operating in theUnited Kingdom were pressed into service with theRoyal Air Force at the outbreak ofWorld War II.

Eight bomber variants (BT-32) were built with manually operated machine-gun turrets in the nose and above the rear fuselage. All these aircraft were exported. A military cargo version (CT-32) was also built forArgentina. It had a large loading door on the starboard side of the fuselage.

Variants

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A USAAC YC-30 in 1933.
T-32
Production luxury night sleeper, 21 built including two as YC-30s
T-32C
Ten T-32s modified to AT-32 standard.
AT-32A
Variant with variable-pitch propellers and 710 hp (529 kW) Wright SGR-1820-F3 Cyclone engines, three built.
AT-32B
An AT-32 variant with 720 hp (537 kW) Wright SGR-1820-F2 Cyclone engines, three built.
AT-32C
An AT-32 variant, one built forSwissair.
AT-32D
An AT-32 variant with 720 hp (537 kW) Wright SGR-1820-F3 Cyclone engines, one built.
AT-32E
AT-32 variant for theUnited States Navy as theR4C-1, two built.
BT-32
Bomber variant, eight built.
CT-32
Military cargo variant with large cargo door, three built.
YC-30
United States Army Air Corps designation for two T-32s.
Curtiss R4C-1
R4C-1
United States Navy designation for two AT-32Es (one for United States Marine Corps) both later to theUnited States Antarctic Service.

Operators

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Civil operators

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 Chile
 China
 Colombia
 El Salvador

TACA International Airlines

 Switzerland
 United Kingdom
United States

Military operators

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 Argentina
 China
 Colombia
 Honduras
 Peru
 United Kingdom
United States

Accidents and incidents

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Specifications (T-32 Condor II ATC-501)

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Data fromJuptner, Joseph P. (1974).US Civil Aircraft: Vol. 6 (ATC 501 - 600). Aero Publishers, Inc. pp. 9–12.ISBN 0816891702.

General characteristics

  • Crew: Two
  • Capacity: 15 passengers and up to 600 lb (270 kg) of mail
  • Length: 48 ft 10 in (14.88 m)
  • Upper wingspan: 82 ft 0 in (24.99 m)
  • Lower wingspan: 74 ft 0 in (22.56 m)
  • Wing chord (upper and lower): 8 ft 10 in (2.69 m)[4]
  • Wing dihedral: 2.0°[4]
  • Height: 16 ft 10 in (5.13 m)
  • Wing area: 1,208 sq ft (112.2 m2)
    • Upper wing area 702 sq ft (65.2 m2)
    • Lower wing area 506 sq ft (47.0 m2)
  • Airfoil: NACA 2412
  • Empty weight: 11,235 lb (5,096 kg)
  • Gross weight: 16,800 lb (7,620 kg)
  • Maximum load: 5,565 lb (2,524 kg)
  • Fuel capacity: 300 US gal (1,100 L; 250 imp gal) in 4 x 75 US gal (280 L; 62 imp gal) tanks
  • Oil capacity: 30 US gal (110 L; 25 imp gal)
  • Undercarriage track: 20 ft 4 in (6.20 m)
  • Powerplant: 2 ×Wright GR-1820-F11 Cyclone 9 cylinderair-cooledradial engines 650 hp (480 kW) to 670 hp (500 kW)
  • Propellers: 3-bladedHamilton Standard metalvariable-pitch propeller propellers, 12 ft 0 in (3.66 m) diameter[4]

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 170 mph (270 km/h, 150 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 145 mph (233 km/h, 126 kn)
  • Stall speed: 59 mph (95 km/h, 51 kn)
  • Range: 580 mi (930 km, 500 nmi)
  • Endurance: 4 hours
  • Service ceiling: 15,500 ft (4,700 m)
  • Rate of climb: 850 ft/min (4.3 m/s) first minute, from sea level
  • Fuel consumption: 70 US gal (260 L; 58 imp gal) per hour

See also

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Related lists

References

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  1. ^"June 1, 1934 American Airlines system timetable".www.timetableimages.com. Retrieved2025-08-04.
  2. ^"June 1, 1934 American Airlines system timetable".www.timetableimages.com. Retrieved2025-08-04.
  3. ^abc"The Curtiss Condor".Aeroplane. No. July 2010. IPC Media. 2010. pp. 88–89.
  4. ^abcRathbun, John B., ed. (May 1934). "Byrd's Antarctic Condor".Popular Aviation. Vol. XIV, no. 5. Chicago, IL: Aeronautical Publications Inc. p. 303.

Sources

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  • Andrade, John M.U.S.Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909. Earl Shilton, Leicester, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1979.ISBN 0-904597-22-9. (Page 63 and 214)
  • Bowers, Peter M.Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947. London: Putnam & CompanyLtd., 1979.ISBN 0-370-10029-8.
  • Hagedorn, Dan (March–May 1992). "Curtiss Types in Latin America".Air Enthusiast. No. 45. pp. 61–77.ISSN 0143-5450.
  • Taylor, H.A. (March–June 1978).""The Uncompetitive Condor"".Air Enthusiast. No. 6. Bromley, Kent, UK: Pilot Press Ltd. pp. 94–110.
  • The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985). Orbis Publishing, 1985.

External links

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