| No. 2, "Reims Racer" | |
|---|---|
 Curtiss No. 2, March 1910 | |
| General information | |
| Type | Racing aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Herring-Curtiss Company |
| Designer | |
| Number built | 1 |
| History | |
| First flight | 1909 |
TheCurtiss No. 2, often known as theReims Racer, was a racing aircraft built in the United States byGlenn Curtiss in1909 to contest theGordon Bennett Cup air race inReims, France that year.[1]
The No. 2 was a modifiedGolden Flyer (also known as the Curtiss No. 1), and was an open-frameworkbiplane with two-bay unstaggered wings of equal span. It had an all-moving cruciform tail unit comprising a small elevator surface plus a rudder for directional control, but larger elevators were carried forward of the pilot as a biplane canard unit. The landing gear was in a tricycle configuration, with three individual wheels. Large ailerons were carried in the interplane gap.
Curtiss had modified the Golden Flyer into the Reims Racer by adding a covered stabilizer unit at the canard position, increasing the wing size, modifying the interplane ailerons and replacing the 25 hp four cylinder inline Curtiss OX engine with a 63 hp Curtiss OX V8 that had been stripped down and specially lightened for the race. A new, lighter fuel tank was exchanged for the older, heavier one.
A transverse-rocking, metal framework "shoulder cradle", hinged longitudinally on either side of the pilot's seat, with forward-projecting members, one per side resting against the midpoint of each of the pilot's upper arms (see photo of Curtiss in the pilot's seat), achieved the connection between the pilot and aileron control cabling. This apparatus required the pilot to "lean-into" the turn to operate the ailerons and thus turn the aircraft in the same direction. This system was later used again in theCurtiss Model D.
Curtiss' participation in the race was sponsored by theAero Club of America, which had offered to back him after a similar offer was turned down by theWright brothers. While not as fast as its European competitors, the Reims Racer was more maneuverable, and Curtiss, who piloted the machine himself, was able to take advantage of this by paying special attention to his turns. The first competitor to fly, Curtiss recorded a time of 15 minutes 50.4 seconds for the two 10 km circuits required. WhenLouis Bleriot made the final flight of the competition, he recorded a time 5.8 seconds longer, leaving Curtiss to claim the FF 25,000 prize. Curtiss's flight, at an average speed of 47.06 mph (75.48 km/h) was also a new airspeed record for the distance.[2]
After Reims, Curtiss took the aircraft to Italy, where he won events at a competition at the Air Show inBrescia in September 1909. There, he won the overall grand prize by flying the required five 10 km circuits in 49 minutes 24 seconds. He also won the quick starting prize, starting his engine in 8.2 seconds, and took second place toHenri Rougier in the altitude prize, climbing to 165 ft (51 m). While at Brescia, Curtiss gave Italian poetGabriele d'Annunzio a short joyride, but declined a similar request byPrincess Letizia on the grounds that the seat would be unsuitable.
Returning to the United States, Curtiss flew the Reims Racer in the country's first air meet atDominguez Hills in October 1909, setting a new airspeed record of 55 mph (88 km/h).
Curtiss sold the Reims Racer toCharles Hamilton, who crashed it in Seattle on 12 March 1910.
Data from Aerofiles: Curtiss[3]
General characteristics
Performance
