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Cumulonimbus incus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Type of cumulus cloud

Cumulonimbus incus
A cumulonimbus incus cloud, showing the characteristic anvil-top shape the cloud type displays
AbbreviationCb inc.
Symbol
GenusCumulonimbus (heap, cloud/severe rain)
SpeciesCapillatus (Having hair)
VarietyNone
AltitudeGround to 23,000 m
(75,000 ft)
ClassificationFamily C (Low-level)
AppearanceLarge flat-top cloud
PrecipitationVery commonrain,snow,snow pellets orhail, heavy at times

Acumulonimbus incus (from Latin incus 'anvil'), also called ananvil cloud, is acumulonimbus cloud that has reached the level ofstratospheric stability and has formed the characteristic flat,anvil-shapedtop.[1] It signifies athunderstorm in its mature stage, succeeding thecumulonimbus calvus stage.[2] Cumulonimbus incus is a subtype ofcumulonimbus capillatus. These clouds are commonly associated with severe weather, including heavy rain,downbursts, and occasionally atornado.

Hazards

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Acumulonimbus incus is a mature thunderstorm cloud generating many dangerous elements.

  • Lightning: this storm cloud is capable of producing bursts of cloud-to-ground lightning.
  • Hail: hailstones may fall from this cloud if it is a highly unstable environment (which favours a more vigorous stormupdraft).
  • Heavyrain: this cloud may drop several inches (centimetres) of rain in a short amount of time. This can causeflash flooding.
  • Strongwind: gale-force winds from adownburst may occur under this cloud.
  • Tornadoes: in severe cases (most commonly withsupercells), it can produce tornadoes. They are not directly produced by cumulonimbus incus but rather produced by supercells which come from cumulonimbus incus.

Classification

[edit]
Cumulonimbus incus over Africa, seen from the International Space Station

Cumulonimbus clouds can be powerful. If the correct atmospheric conditions are met, they can grow into asupercell storm. This cloud may be asingle-cell thunderstorm or one cell in amulticellular thunderstorm. They are capable of producing severe storm conditions for a short amount of time.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Incus".
  2. ^"Cumulonimbus Incus".EPOD (service ofUSRA).

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toCumulonimbus incus.
Cloudgenera and selected species, supplementary features, and other airbornehydrometeors -WMO Latin terminology except where indicated
Mesospheric
Extreme-level
80–85 km
Noctilucent (NLC)
Polar mesospheric clouds
  • Noctilucent type I veils
  • Noctilucent type II bands
  • Noctilucent type III billows
  • Noctilucent type IV whirls
Stratospheric
Very high-level
15–30 km
Nacreous polar stratospheric clouds (PSC)
  • Cirriform nacreous
  • Lenticular nacreous
Nitric acid and water
polar stratospheric clouds (PSC)
  • No differentiated sub-types; tends to resemble cirrostratus
Tropospheric
High-level
3–18 km
Cirrus (Ci)
Species
Ci-only varieties
Cirrocumulus (Cc)
Species
Cirrostratus (Cs)
Species
High-level-only
mutatus cloud
  • Mutatus non-height specific (see below)
Medium-level
2–8 km
Altocumulus (Ac)
Species
Altostratus (As)
Nimbostratus (Ns)
Multi-level
Varieties
Low-level
0–2 km
Cumulonimbus (Cb)
Towering vertical
Species
Cb-only supplementary features
Cb-only accessories and other
Cumulus (Cu)
Variable vertical extent
Species
Other
Stratus (St)
Species
St-only genitus cloud and other
Stratocumulus (Sc)
Species
Low-level-only
supplementary features
Low-level-only
accessory cloud and other
Non-height
specific
Varieties
Supplementary features
Mother clouds
and human-made clouds
  • (Mother cloud)+genitus (e.g. cumulogenitus (cugen)
  • (Mother cloud)+mutatus (e.g. cumulomutatus (cumut)
  • Homogenitus (hogen)
  • Homomutatus (homut)
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