Abox truck—also known as abox van,cube van,bob truck[1] orcube truck—is achassis cabtruck with an enclosedcuboid-shaped cargo area.[2] On most box trucks, thecabin is separate to the cargo area; however some box trucks have a door between the cabin and the cargo area, box trucks tend to be larger thancargo vans and smaller thantractor-trailers with movable trailers.[3]
The difference between a box truck and avan is that the cargo van is a one-piece (unibody), while a box truck is created by adding a cargo box to achassis cab.[3][4]
The boxes on box trucks are typically 10–26 ft (3.0–7.9 m) in length[2] (the overall length of the box plus cab is even longer) and can range fromClass 3 to Class 7 (12,500 lb. to 33,000 lb.gross vehicle weight rating). They often have agarage door-like rear door that rolls up. They are often used by companies transportinghome appliances orfurniture, or are used as moving trucks which can be rented by individuals.[5]
Ford,Dodge andChevrolet/GMC have historically been the most common manufacturers of conventionalcab/chassis[citation needed] to which the cargo box is attached by various producers (called body builders or upfitters).Isuzu,Fuso andUD Trucks have been the most common producers ofcab over-type medium duty cab/chassis used as platforms for box trucks.[citation needed]
Small box trucks often use the cab of full size vans from Ford, Chrysler or General Motors (e.g.Ford E-Series/Econoline/Ford Transit,Dodge Ram Van,Chevrolet Express/Chevrolet Van/GMC Vandura/GMC Savana),[citation needed] though pre-manufactured cutaway van chassis vehicles are the basis (rather than an actual cargo van), in order to reduce the labour required for production.
InNormal English,box van is a term for a four-wheeledcovered goods wagon (freight vehicle) with a fully enclosed body.[6][7]
In Normal English the wordtruck refers to large open topped freight vehicles or rail freight wagons. Alorry is aHGV road vehicle. Avan is used for an enclosed railway freight carriage or medium or smaller commercial road vehicles.
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ALuton body is a style ofcommercial vehicle body incorporating an enclosed box body extended over the cab. It takes its name from the town ofLuton, inBedfordshire, where theBedford commercial vehicle plant was located.
This style of body was designed to accommodate the high-volume, low-weight loads of straw hats which were part of Luton's industry. Straw hats were wrapped inhessian fabric in long cylinders to fit across the width of the van. It was incidental that it was the home of Bedford although all the early Luton vans were on Bedford chassis.
The body style is common in medium commercial vehicles such as theFord Transit, as well as larger vehicles, especially those used byhousehold removals companies. More modern examples may be streamlined to reduce wind resistance. Some commercial vehicles have a wind deflector on the cab roof, but this is not a Luton body; the Luton is functional and can be accessed from the main body. The portion of the body that rests over the cab is called the peak, also referred to, in some quarters, as a "Luton" or a "kick".
Many commercial vehicles have tilting cabs. To allow for this, the floor of the Luton may be hinged, and there may be a hinged flap at the front.