TheCross and Crown (across passing through acrown) is aChristiansymbol used by variousChristian denominations. It has also been used inheraldry.[1][2] The emblem is often interpreted as symbolizing the reward in heaven (the crown) coming after the trials in this life (the cross) (James 1:12).
In addition toRoman Catholic andOrthodox Christian uses,[3] the symbol also appears in the seal of theChurch of Christ, Scientist, where it is surrounded by the words "Heal the Sick, Cleanse theLepers, Raise the Dead, Cast OutDemons", from theGospel of Matthew, 10:8.[4]
The symbol is also associated withFreemasonry, specifically theKnight Templar degree of theYork Rite of Freemasonry. The symbol is also known as "Knight Templars Blood-Red Passion Cross and Crown". The cross and crown symbol is often surrounded by the phrase "In Hoc Signo Vinces", which isLatin for "By this sign thou shalt conquer". This is a reference to the story ofConstantine, who reportedly had a vision of aChi Rho symbol, and a voice saying "By this sign thou shalt conquer".[5][6][7]
The symbol was used particularly by theBible Student movement.[8][9] The symbol was also featured in the early publications and memorabilia of theInternational Bible Students Association. First appearing on the cover of the January 1881 issue ofZion's Watch Tower,[10] the cross and crown were surrounded by awreath of laurel leaves, and the symbol was also used onlapel pins,buttons (metal andcelluloid) andpendants of various designs. However, not all of its uses by the I.B.S.A. included the wreath of laurel leaves. AlthoughCharles Taze Russell's gravesite is marked by apyramid memorial erected by theWatch Tower Bible and Tract Society[11][12][13] with an illustration of the Cross and Crown symbol, the Watchtower Society later discontinued using the cross and crown some years after, viewing it as a "pagan symbol" – their doctrine for some time since is that Jesus was executednot on a cross but on an upright stake.
The Cross and Crown symbol is also the key emblem of theRoyal Black Institution (a sister organisation of theOrange Order), a Protestant fraternity, with structural and symbolic similarities toFreemasonry.[14]
The Cross and Crown symbol was also used by theRexist Party.[citation needed]
The Cross and Crown symbol also appears on the cover of the 1998 book,The Power of the Cross, byTim Lahaye.[citation needed]
Lutheran composerJ.S. Bach's cantataWeinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12 (1714) contains an aria "Kreuz und Krone sind verbunden, Kampf und Kleinod sind vereint" ("cross and crown are bound together, conflict and jewel are united")[15] which has been connected with Luther's rendering of 1 Corinthians 9:24-25.[16]
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