Cos Cob Power Station | |
.jpg) Cos Cob Power Station in 1977 | |
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| Location | Roughly bounded by Metro North Railroad Tracks, the Mianus River and Sound Shore Drive,Cos Cob,Greenwich, Connecticut |
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| Coordinates | 41°1′46″N73°35′50″W / 41.02944°N 73.59722°W /41.02944; -73.59722 |
| Area | 6 acres (2.4 ha) |
| Built | 1907 |
| Architect | Westinghouse, Church, Kerr & Co. |
| Architectural style | Mission/Spanish Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 90001096[1] |
| Added to NRHP | August 2, 1990 |
Cos Cob Power Station was a historic power station near theMetro-North Railroad tracks, theMianus River and Sound Shore Drive in theCos Cob area ofGreenwich, Connecticut.
The Spanish Revival style station building of 1907 was significant as part of the first mainline railroad electrification in the United States, usingalternating current (AC) electrification. The New York City subway systems and a Hudson River railroad line used lower voltagedirect current (DC) electrification, but for longer distances that would mean high transmission losses or frequent and closely spaced substations.[2]: 11
A 1903 New York State law prohibited the use of steam locomotives in New York City. The New Haven line of theNew York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad ran commuter trains into the city, and electrification all the way to New Haven would avoid massive congestion and delays to commuter trains if locomotives were changed at the New York City limits or atStamford, CT.
The "New Haven" chose AC electrification as proposed byBaldwin-Westinghouse, with locomotives which could operate on the third-rail DC system within city limits, and the AC system on the main line.
The plant was built byWestinghouse in 1907 inMission Style, and was located where the Mianus River empties into the Cos Cob Harbor of Long Island Sound. The plant used coal-fired steam turbines, and the three-phase alternators supplied single-phase power at 11 kV 25 Hz directly to the catenary. They also supplied power to theNew York Central'sPort Morris generating station to compensate the NYC for power consumed by New Haven trains on the NYC's third-rail supplied line to theGrand Central Terminal within the city limits.
The station was designated aHistoric Mechanical Engineering Landmark in 1982 by theAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers.[3]
The power station was decommissioned in 1986–87.[2]
The plant was listed on theNational Register of Historic Places in 1990,[1] but despite the listing and local and national debate, the plant was demolished in 2001.[citation needed] Part of the site is now a public park, and a plaque commemorating the plant is located at the nearbyCos Cob Railroad Station.[3]
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