Informal fallacies based on correlative conjunctions
Inphilosophy,correlative-based fallacies areinformal fallacies based oncorrelative conjunctions.
Correlative conjunctions
[edit]A correlative conjunction is a relationship between two statements where one must be false and the other true. In formal logic this is known as theexclusive or relationship; traditionally, terms between which this relationship exists have been calledcontradictories.
In the following example, statementb explicitly negates statementa:
- Fido is a dog.
- Fido is not a dog.
Statements can also bemutually exclusive, without explicitly negating each other as in the following example:
- Object one is larger than object two.
- Object one is smaller or the same size as object two.
Fallacies based on correlatives include:[1]
- False dilemma orfalse correlative.
- Here something which is not a correlative is treated as a correlative, excluding some other possibility.
- Denying the correlative
- where an attempt is made to introduce another option into a true correlative.
- Suppressed correlative
- where the definitions of a correlative are changed so that one of the options includes the other, making one option impossible.
Correlational fallacy in psychology