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Constituencies in Singapore are electoral divisions which may be represented by single or multiple seats in theParliament of Singapore. Constituencies, also called the Divisions, are classified as either Single Member Constituencies (SMCs) orGroup Representation Constituencies (GRCs). SMCs are single-seat constituencies but a GRC can have anywhere between three and six (in practice, four or five) seats in Parliament.

In 1988, thePeople's Action Party (PAP) introduced Group Representation Constituencies (GRCs) through an amendment to the Parliamentary Elections Act.^[1] ThePresident, acting on the advice of thePrime Minister and guided by theElections Department, may establish GRCs consisting of three to five electoral wards. The maximum size of GRCs has varied over time: initially three candidates, increasing to four in 1991, six between 1997 and 2020, and then reduced to five from the 2020 elections onwards.^[2]

GRCs are a unique feature ofSingaporean electoral politics, consisting of multi-member constituencies where teams, or slates, of candidates from a single party or independents compete for all available seats. Each GRC team must include at least one candidate from aminority race, such as aMalay,Indian, or Other.^[2] Voting within GRCs follows aplurality voting system, where the party or group winning the most votes in a GRC secures all seats within that constituency. As a result, a party can accumulate a significant number of votes nationally but still fail to win certain GRCs. Historically, the PAP held all GRC seats until 2011.^[3] The official purpose of GRCs, as explained by former Prime MinisterGoh Chok Tong, is to ensure minority representation in Parliament and maintain a multiracial composition.^[4]

Opposition parties have criticised that the GRC system in making it more difficult for non-PAP candidates to win seats in Parliament. The high candidate deposit, which ranges from S$4,000 to S$16,000 and was most recently set at S$13,500 per candidate, increases the financial burden on opposition parties contesting GRCs.^[2] Additionally, the inclusion of Cabinet Ministers as candidates in GRCs is viewed as an advantage for the PAP, a strategy that has been employed in vulnerable constituencies such asCheng San GRC during the1997 Singaporean general election.^[5] The opposition has also raised concerns about last-minute boundary changes and has pointed to examples such asJoshua Benjamin Jeyaratnam's 1981 win in theAnson constituency, arguing that minority representation in Parliament has diminished since the GRC system was introduced.

The boundaries of electoral constituencies in Singapore are set by theElections Department, which functions under thePrime Minister's Office.^[6] These boundaries are typically announced shortly before elections, often only a few days before the election is officially called.^[6][7] Some observers have expressed concern over this process, particularly regarding the dissolution of constituencies where opposition parties had performed well.^[8]

One frequently cited example in discussions about electoral boundary adjustments isCheng San GRC. In the1997 Singaporean general election, it was contested closely by the PAP and theWorkers' Party of Singapore (WP), with the PAP winning 54.8% of the vote to WP’s 45.2%. Following the2001 Singapore general election, Cheng San GRC was dissolved. Despite the challenges faced by opposition parties, the WP has since achieved success in winning GRCs, notablyAljunied GRC in the2011 Singapore general election^[8] andSengkang GRC in the2020 Singaporean general election.

As of January 2025^[update], the number of electors in the latest Registers of Electors is 2,746,052.

As of March 2025^[update], the number of electors in the latest Registers of Electors is 2,758,095.

• General elections in Singapore
  • Past Singaporean electoral divisions

• Administrative divisions of Singapore
  • Subdivisions of Singapore

• Urban planning in Singapore
  • Regions of Singapore
  • Urban planning areas in Singapore
  • List of places in Singapore

• Urban renewal in Singapore
  • Future developments in Singapore
  • Land reclamation in Singapore

• Geography of Singapore

• Constituency Boundaries Map,Parliament of Singapore.
• Electoral boundaries Map,The Straits Times.
• Singapore Constituencies in 2024, beng tang.
• Polling Districts, Elections Department, Singapore.

• Lists of constituencies in Asia
• Singaporean electoral divisions
• Lists of Singaporean electoral divisions

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