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 Comparison ofRed List classes above andNatureServe status below  |
Aconservation-dependent species is aspecies which has beencategorized as "Conservation Dependent" ("LR/cd") by theInternational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), as dependent on conservation efforts to prevent it from becomingendangered. A species that is reliant on the conservation attempts of humans is considered conservation dependent. Such species must be the focus of a continuing species-specific and/or habitat-specific conservation program, the cessation of which would result in the species qualifying for one of the threatened categories within a period of five years. The determination of status is constantly monitored and can change.
This category is part of the IUCN 1994 Categories & Criteria (version 2.3), which is no longer used in evaluation of taxa, but persists in theIUCN Red List fortaxa evaluated prior to 2001, when version 3.1 was first used. Using the 2001 (version 3.1) system these taxa are classed asnear threatened, but those that have not been re-evaluated remain with the "Conservation Dependent" category.
Conservation-dependent species require maintenance additional to the use of the United States Endangered Species Act of 1973. This act is said to protect species from extinction by concerns and acts of conservation.[1]
Conservation-dependent species rely on population connectivity between humans and animals to maintain their life. Connectivity is based in regard to the federal regulatory provisions that protect the species and its habitat. Habitats and species are difficult to conserve when they are not susceptible to the regulations put in place.[2] It is also seen that laws and acts have flaws that cause gaps in their motive. The Endangered Species Act fails to account for biological ecosystem conservation and threats to a species presence.[3] Conservation in these conditions causes data gaps and leads to the depletion of species.
Funding of the federal provisions show to be a major concern when efforts are being made to conserve species. Legal members who don't agree on where funding should go cause more harm to the conservation-dependent species by making no effort for restoration. Despite legal efforts for defining a restoration program and setting regulatory provisions, conservation-dependent species are still in danger.[4]
While conservation dependent plants and animals fall under the same risk status in the environment different methods are used to protect them. Conservation dependent animals are typically protected by recovery plans and agreements for conservation by the government.[5] Plants that are conservation dependent have less protection behind them as the major method for conservation is keeping a habitat healthy. In order to do so, keeping areas uncivilized and minimizing pollution emissions are predictable solutions.[6] Keeping theflora (plants) andfauna(animals) in their region out of the conservation dependent category is the main goal of these methods.
Species that were considered Conservation Dependent were under thelower risk category of status in theIUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The category of species may change when reassessed. The lower risk status section had three categories:
From 2020, some IUCN Red List species assessments began to optionally include a "Green Status", which is a standardized assessment of the global recovery of the species. This assessment reintroduces a systematic "Conservation Dependence" measure to the Red List, but is now separate to the assessed category of the species. The metric compares calculated scores for the short-term (10 years) future of a species with and without conservation actions. This metric allows recognition of species whose current conservation status is dependent on continued conservation actions.
The Green Status assessment is an optional part of a IUCN Red List species assessment. It provides a global standard for measuring species recovery and assessing conservation impact.
In fisheries around the world, there is a list of rules that people must follow which are in place as a conservation effort. These rules protect the conservation dependent listing of Scalloped Hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) under theEPBC Act is one major step for conservation of endangered species.[7]
Examples of conservation-dependent species include theblack caiman (Melanosuchus niger), thesinarapan, and theCalifornia ground cricket.
As of December 2015, there remains 209 conservation-dependent plant species and 29 conservation-dependent animal species.
As of September 2022, the IUCN still lists 20 conservation-dependent animal species, and one conservation-dependent subpopulations or stocks.
In Australia, theEnvironment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 still uses a "Conservation Dependent" category for classifying fauna and flora species. Species recognized as "Conservation Dependent" do not receive special protection, as they are not considered "matters of national environmental significance under the EPBC Act". Any assemblage of species may be listed as a "threatened ecological community" under the EPBC Act. Fauna may be classified under this category if its flora is directly threatened.
The legislation uses categories similar to those of theIUCN 1994 Categories & Criteria. It does not, however, have anear threatened category or any other "lower risk" categories.
As of December 2018, eight species of fishes have received the status under the act:[8]
No flora has been given the category under the EPBC Act.
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