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Concise Command Language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Computer language
Concise Command Language (CCL)
DeveloperDigital Equipment Corporation
Operating systemOS/8,TOPS-10,RT-11,RSTS/E
PlatformPDP-6,PDP-8,PDP-10,PDP-11
SuccessorDIGITAL Command Language (DCL)
Available inEnglish
TypeCommand shell

Concise Command Language (CCL) was the term used byDigital Equipment Corporation for thecommand-line interpreter /user interface supplied on several of their computing systems; its successor was namedDIGITAL Command Language (DCL).

CCL provides the user with an extensive set of terminal commands.[1]

The first operating system to include CCL was DEC'sTOPS-10.[2]

History

[edit]

ThePDP-6 monitor came with a simple set of commands. To compile and run aFORTRAN program, one would

  • .R F4 --- invoke the FORTRAN compiler
  • *DTA1:PROG3=DTA2:PROG3,SUB3A,SUB3B --- specify binary output and source input
  • .R LOADER 30 --- invoke the loader, allocate 30K of memory
  • *DTA1:PROG3 --- specify binary object to load
  • *SYS:/S --- let the loader find the appropriate subroutine libraries
  • .SAVE DTA1:PROG3 --- write the executable to DTA1
(TheDOT is a monitor prompt and theStar/Asterisk is an application prompt)

ThePDP-10 monitor (later calledTOPS-10) had CCL. Key to its improvements over its predecessor were:[2]

  • multi-step commands: .EX PROG3,SUB3A,SUB3B
  • would check to see if any of the 3 needed to be recompiled (and did so if necessary)
  • run the object program loader (including needed subroutine libraries)
  • start running the program
  • advanced command file: .EX @RUNPROG3.CMD
  • would run the command(s) in the .CMD file

Commands

[edit]

The following table contains a list of CCL commands.[1]

List of CCL commands
CCL command
(full form)
CCL command
(short form)
Description
BACKSPACEBACRuns CAMP. Amagnetic tape or cassette is spaced backward a specified number of files or records.
BOOTBO
CCLCCLDisables the CCL program on the OS/8 Keyboard Monitor residing on the system device.
COMPARECOMPRuns SRCCOM. Compares/shows differences between two source files. Although line by line, permits "catch up."
COMPILECOMProducesbinary files and/or compilation listings for specified program files.
COPYCOPTransfers files from oneI/O device to another.
CORECOR
CREATECREARuns EDIT and opens a new file for creation.
CREFCREF
DATEDA
DEASSIGNDEA
DELETEDELDeletes one or more files from disk orDECtape.
DIRECTDIR
EDITEDRuns EDIT. Opens an already existing file for editing.
EOFEOF
EXECUTEEXE
HELPHEPrints information on specified OS/8 programs.
LISTLI
LOADLO
MAKEMAKRuns TECO. Opens the specified file for output.
MAPMAPRuns BITMAP.
MUNGMUNGRuns a TECO Macro; command line parameters give added adaptability.
PALPALRuns PAL8. Assembles the source file specified as the argument.
PRINTPRIRuns a program named LPTSPL.
PUNCHPURuns PIP. Punches the file specified onpaper tape.
RENAMERENRenames one or more files on disk or DECtape.
RESRESRuns RESORC.
REWINDREW
SKIPSKIP
SQUISHSQRuns PIP's "squeeze" / defrag tool[citation needed]
SUBMITSURuns the BATCH program.
TECOTE(Text Editor and COrrector, a sophisticatedtext editor with MACRO capabilities).
TYPETY
UAUA
UBUB
UCUC
UNLOADUNL
VERSIONVERPrints the version numbers of the OS/8 Keyboard Monitor and CCL.
ZEROZERO

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Concise Command Language" (CCL)."OS/8 Handbook"(PDF). Digital Equipment Corporation. April 1974. Retrieved1 May 2024.
  2. ^abPeter Clark (July 1982). "DEC TIMESHARING (1965)".The DEC Professional. p. 34.
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