Mass media in Liberia include the press, radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet. Much of Liberia's communications infrastructure was destroyed or plundered during thetwo civil wars (1989–1996 and 1999–2003).[1] With low rates of adult literacy and high poverty rates, television and newspaper use is limited, leaving radio as the predominant means of communicating with the public.[2] Even as it struggles with economic and political constraints, Liberia's media environment is expanding. The number of registered newspapers and radio stations (many of them community stations) is on the rise despite limited market potential. And politically critical content and investigative pieces do get published or broadcast.[3]
Radio stations: 1 state-owned radio station, but no national public service broadcaster;[14] about 15 independent radio stations broadcasting inMonrovia, with another 25 local stations operating in other areas; transmissions of 2 international broadcasters are available (2007).[15]
Main lines: 3,200 lines in use, 213th in the world (2011).[15]
Mobile cellular: 2.4 million lines, 138th in the world (2012).[15]
Telephone system: the limited services available are found almost exclusively in the capital Monrovia; fixed-line service stagnant and extremely limited; telephone coverage extended to a number of other towns and rural areas by four mobile-cellular network operators; mobile-cellular subscription base growing and teledensity reached 50 per 100 persons (2011).[15]
Thefixed line infrastructure of Liberia was nearly completely destroyed during thecivil wars (1989-1996 and 1999–2003).[1]
Prior to the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 2007, the state-ownedLiberia Telecommunications Corporation (LIBTELCO) held alegal monopoly for all fixed line services in Liberia, and remains the sole licensed fixed line telephone service provider in the country.[22]
Two licensedGSM cellular mobile service providers operate in the country:Lonestar Cell and CellCom. Approximately 45% of the population has cell phone service.[1]
There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or reports that the government monitorse-mail or Internetchat rooms.[29]
The constitution provides forfreedom of speech andpress, and the government generally respects these rights in practice.Libel andnational security laws place some limits on freedom of speech. Individuals can generally criticize the government publicly or privately without reprisal. Some journalists practiceself-censorship.The constitution prohibits arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home, or correspondence, and the government generally respects these prohibitions in practice.[29]
^ab"Media regulator recommends support for local media coverage of truth commission", BBC Monitoring Africa, 27 June 2008.
^Alphonso been in the profession for over twenty years. He has worked for many international media outlets including: West Africa Magazine, Africa Week Magazine, African Observer and did occasional reporting for CNN, BBC World Service, Sunday Times, NPR, Radio Deutchewells, Radio Netherlands. He is the current correspondent for Reuters.Mr. Toweh holds first MA with honors in International Relations and a candidate for second master in International Peace studies and Conflict Resolution.(subscription required)
^abcdNewspaper & Current Periodical Room."Liberia".19th and 20th Century Foreign Newspapers in Original Format: Inventory. Washington DC:U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved22 August 2017.
^abc"Liberia",Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 25 March 2013. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
C. William Allen (1990). "Soaring Above the Cloud of Mediocrity: The Challenges of the Liberian Press in the Nineties".Liberian Studies Journal.15. United States.ISSN0024-1989.
This article incorporatespublic domain material fromThe World Factbook (2025 ed.).CIA. (Archived 2014 edition.)
