| Common duiker | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Adult male inPendjari National Park,Benin | |
_female_(17326060406)%2c_crop.jpg) | |
| Adult female in theKruger National Park,South Africa | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Bovidae |
| Subfamily: | Cephalophinae |
| Genus: | Sylvicapra Ogilby, 1837 |
| Species: | S. grimmia |
| Binomial name | |
| Sylvicapra grimmia | |
| Synonyms | |
Capra grimmiaLinnaeus, 1758 | |
Thecommon duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia), also known as thegray duiker orbush duiker, is a smallantelope and theonly member of thegenusSylvicapra. This species is found everywhere in Africasouth of theSahara, excluding theHorn of Africa and therainforests of thecentral andwestern parts ofthe continent. Generally, they are found in habitats with sufficient vegetation cover to allow them to hide—savannah and hilly areas, including the fringes ofhuman settlements.[2]
Colouration of this species varies widely over its vastgeographic range. There are 14subspecies described,[1][examples needed] ranging fromchestnut in forested areas ofAngola togrizzled gray in northern savannas and light brown shades in arid regions. It grows to about 50 cm (20 in) in height and generally weighs 12 to 25 kg (26 to 55 lb); females are generally larger and heavier than the males. Only the male has horns and these can grow to 11 cm (4.3 in) long.[citation needed]
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Breeding is year round and the female gives birth to one fawn after agestation period of 6 to 7.5 months. The common duiker has a wide diet; beyond browsing forleaves, flowers,fruits andtubers, they will also eat insects, frogs, small birds and mammals, and evencarrion. As long as they have vegetation to eat (from which they obtain some water), they can go without drinking for very long periods. In the rainy season, they frequently do not drink water at all, instead obtaining fluids from fruits. They will often scavenge for these fruits below trees in whichmonkeys are feeding. They are active both day and night, but become morenocturnal near human settlements, presumably due to the presence offeral dogs and humans.
Males areterritorial and smear thesecretions ofglands[clarification needed] on rocks and branches tomark their territories; their preferred resting places are generally on elevated ground, where they can observe their territory. Females, by contrast, prefer deeper cover. The overall success of this species stems from its ability to inhabit a wide variety of habitats, as well as from itsadaptable,generalist diet.
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extract from The Red List of Mammals of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland - 2016
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