Comilla কুমিল্লা | |
|---|---|
| Cumilla | |
 Interactive map highlighting Comilla | |
  Comilla Location in Chittagong Division Show map of Chittagong division Comilla Location in Bangladesh Show map of Bangladesh Comilla Location in Asia Show map of Asia.svg) Comilla Location on Earth Show map of Earth | |
| Coordinates:23°27′N91°12′E / 23.450°N 91.200°E /23.450; 91.200 | |
| Country |  Bangladesh |
| Division | Chittagong |
| District | Comilla |
| Municipality | 1890 |
| City Corporation | 10 July 2011 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–Council |
| • Body | Comilla City Corporation |
| • Administrator | Saif Uddin Ahmed |
| • City Council | 27 constituencies |
| • Parliament | 1 constituencies |
| Area | |
| • Urban | 61.34 km2 (23.68 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 148 km2 (57 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 11 m (36 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Urban | 634,654 |
| • Urban density | 10,350/km2 (26,800/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 867,757 |
| • Metro density | 5,860/km2 (15,200/sq mi) |
| • | 8th in Bangladesh |
| • Metro rank | 8th in Bangladesh |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali • English |
| • Regional | Eastern Bengali dialects |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (Bangladesh Time) |
| Postal code | 3500–3583 |
| Calling code | +880 81 |
| UN/LOCODE | BD CLA |
| GDP (2022) | PPP $4.4 billionNominal $1.6 billion |
| HDI (2023) | 0.672[1] medium ·16th of 22 |
| Airport | Comilla Airport (currently non-operational) |
| Planning Authority | COCC Development Authority |
| Water Supply and Sewerage Authority | COCC WASA |
| Website | comilla.gov.bd |
Comilla (Bengali:কুমিল্লা), officially spelledCumilla,[3][4] is a metropolis on the banks of theGumti River in easternBangladesh. Comilla was one of the cities of ancient Bengal. It was once the capital of Tripura kingdom.[5]Comilla Airport is located in the Dulipara area of Comilla city Although it is currently replaced with Comilla Export Processing Zone (EPZ). Comilla City is a division centered city district with surrounding districts coming to Comilla in more diverse areas of work. Bibir Bazar land port is located 5 km away from Comilla city. The area of Comilla City Corporation is 53.04 square kilometers, so the surrounding areas of the main city fall under the jurisdiction of the City Corporation. The urban areas falling outside the Comilla City Corporation are considered suburbs, forming part of the metro area, which was estimated at 691,000 in 2025- a 2.98% increase from 2024.[6]
The Comilla region was once under the reign ofGangaridai andSamatata in ancient period.This district came under the reign of the kings of theHarikela in the ninth century AD. Lalmai Mainamati was ruled by theDeva dynasty (eighth century AD) andChandra dynasty (during the 10th and mid-11th century AD). In 1732, it became the centre of the Bengal-backed domain ofJagat Manikya.[7]
The Peasants' Movement against the king of Tripura in 1764, which originally formed under the leadership ofShamsher Gazi is a notable historical event in Comilla.[8] It came under the rule ofEast India Company in 1765. This district was established as the Tripura district in 1790. It was renamed Comilla in 1960.
Communal tension spread over Comilla when a Muslim was shot in the town during the partition ofBengal in 1905. On 21 November 1921,Kazi Nazrul Islam composed patriotic songs and tried to awaken the townspeople by protesting thePrince of Wales's visit to India.[9] During this time,Avay Ashram, as a revolutionary institution, played a significant role. PoetRabindranath Tagore andMahatma Gandhi visited Comilla at that time. In 1931, approximately 4000 peasants in Mohini village inChauddagram Upazila revolted against a land revenue tax. The British Gurkha soldiers fired indiscriminately on the crowd, killing four people.[10] In a major peasant gathering, the police fired at Hasnabad ofLaksam Upazila in 1932. Two people were killed and many were wounded.Comilla Victoria Government College in the city was named in memory ofQueen Victoria. The main meaning of the context is that the people of Comilla have always maintained good relations and harmonized with others.[11]
Comilla Cantonment is an importantmilitary base and the oldest inEast Bengal. It was widely used by theBritish Indian Army duringWorld War II. It was the headquarter of the British14th Army. There is a war cemetery,Maynamati War Cemetery,[12] in Comilla that was established after World War II to remember the Allied soldiers who died duringWorld War I and II, mostly from Commonwealth states and the United States. There are a number of Japanese soldiers buried there as well, from the Second World War.[13]
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During the war for theliberation of Bangladesh, whenPakistan Army created the 39thad hoc Division in mid-November, from the 14th Division units deployed in those areas, to hold on to the Comilla andNoakhali districts, and the 14th Division was tasked to defend the Sylhet and Brahmanbaria areas only.[14] Pakistan Army's 93,000 troops unconditionally surrendered to the Joint Coalition forces on 16 December 1971.[15] This day and event is commemorated as theBijoy Dibos (Bengali:বিজয় দিবস) in Bangladesh.[16][15]
Comilla is bounded byBurichang Upazila andTripura on the north,Laksam and Chauddagram on the south, andBarura Upazila on the west. The major rivers that pass through Comilla includeGomoti River[17] and Little Feni.
| Climate data for Comilla (1991–2020, extremes 1883-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.0 (87.8) | 34.0 (93.2) | 36.0 (96.8) | 41.8 (107.2) | 37.5 (99.5) | 37.0 (98.6) | 37.0 (98.6) | 36.8 (98.2) | 37.0 (98.6) | 36.5 (97.7) | 34.8 (94.6) | 32.0 (89.6) | 41.8 (107.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.9 (78.6) | 28.6 (83.5) | 31.1 (88.0) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.5 (90.5) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.7 (89.1) | 30.0 (86.0) | 27.1 (80.8) | 30.4 (86.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.0 (64.4) | 21.3 (70.3) | 25.0 (77.0) | 27.2 (81.0) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.4 (83.1) | 28.2 (82.8) | 27.1 (80.8) | 23.5 (74.3) | 19.4 (66.9) | 25.2 (77.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.1 (53.8) | 15.6 (60.1) | 19.9 (67.8) | 22.8 (73.0) | 24.3 (75.7) | 25.5 (77.9) | 25.7 (78.3) | 25.7 (78.3) | 25.4 (77.7) | 23.7 (74.7) | 18.7 (65.7) | 13.8 (56.8) | 21.1 (70.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 5.3 (41.5) | 8.5 (47.3) | 12.0 (53.6) | 15.4 (59.7) | 18.5 (65.3) | 21.5 (70.7) | 20.2 (68.4) | 22.6 (72.7) | 21.2 (70.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 11.8 (53.2) | 7.8 (46.0) | 5.3 (41.5) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 8 (0.3) | 23 (0.9) | 63 (2.5) | 138 (5.4) | 314 (12.4) | 378 (14.9) | 432 (17.0) | 290 (11.4) | 247 (9.7) | 156 (6.1) | 35 (1.4) | 13 (0.5) | 2,097 (82.6) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1 mm) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 20 | 17 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 118 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 77 | 75 | 77 | 81 | 82 | 86 | 87 | 86 | 86 | 84 | 80 | 79 | 82 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 211.7 | 218.4 | 242.5 | 231.0 | 213.0 | 167.9 | 164.3 | 173.8 | 175.1 | 220.5 | 239.2 | 215.2 | 2,472.6 |
| Source 1:NOAA[18] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:Bangladesh Meteorological Department (humidity 1981–2010)[19][20] | |||||||||||||
Comilla has a number of tourist attractions. Various archaeological relics discovered in the district, especially from the seventh–eighth centuries, are now preserved in the Mainamati Museum.[21] There is a World War II war cemetery in Comilla, which is protected and maintained by theCommonwealth War Graves Commission.[22]
Comilla Victorians is a professional cricket team based in Comilla and is the most successful franchise in theBangladesh Premier League.[23][24]
Comilla is controlled by the Comilla City Corporation. It has 27 wards.[25]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Islam | 91.96% | |||
| Hinduism | 7.75% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.29% | |||
As of 2022 census results, Comilla City Corporation had 101,245 households and a population of 440,233. 17.63% of the population was under 10 years of age. Comilla had a literacy rate of 87.28% for those 7 years and older and a sex ratio of 100.68 males per 100 females.[26]
One of the oldest highways of the Indian subcontinent, 'The Grand Trunk Road', passes through the city. TheDhaka–Chittagong Highway bypasses the city from the cantonment to Shuagaji through Poduar Bazar.[27]
Comilla Airport is a public-use airport that is not in use for commercial travel.
Daily newspapers published in Comilla includeComillar Kagoj,Daily Amader Comilla,Shiranam, andRupasi Bangla, established in 1972.Amod, founded in 1955, is the city's oldest weekly newspaper.[10][28][29]
 | This article's list of residentsmay not follow Wikipedia'sverifiability policy. Pleaseimprove this article by removing names that do not have independentreliable sources showing they merit inclusion in this articleand are residents, or by incorporating the relevant publications into the body of the article through appropriatecitations.(February 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
During this time Avaya Ashram, as a revolutionary institution, played significant role. Poet Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi visited Comilla at that time. In 1931, the British Gurkha soldiers fired indiscriminately and killed four persons of village Mohini of Chauddagram Upazila when about four thousand peasants of this village revolted against paying land revenue.
Media related toCumilla at Wikimedia CommonsDestinations from Comilla | ||||||||||||||||
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