Genus of epiphytes
Columnea is agenus of around 200species ofepiphytic herbs and shrubs in the familyGesneriaceae , native to the tropics of theAmericas and theCaribbean . The tubular or oddly shaped flowers are usually large and brightly colored – usually red, yellow, or orange – sometimes resembling a fish in shape. A common name isflying goldfish plants (see also the relatedNematanthus ) due to the unusual flower shape.
The genus was named byCarl Linnaeus after theLatinized spelling of the name of the 16th-century Italian botanistFabio Colonna (Latin:Fabius Columnus ).[ 2] [ 3]
Thesegregate genusBucinellina is considered by many botanists asynonym ofColumnea . A full list of the species now accepted in the genus, along with their synonyms, can be found at the World Checklist of Gesneriaceae.[ 4]
Columnea species grow as epiphytic plants in the wild and require bright light, good air circulation, and a well-drained growing medium that is allowed to dry out slightly between waterings. They are very tolerant of underpotting and seem to bloom best when potbound. Most are tropical plants and are easy to grow under indoor or greenhouse conditions but some species come from high altitudes and require cooler temperatures to grow well or bloom. Many of the species are seasonal bloomers, buthybrids andcultivars can be more or less continuously blooming.
The hybridColumnea ×banksii has gained theRoyal Horticultural Society 'sAward of Garden Merit .[ 5]
Columnea consanguinea foliageColumnea flexiflora inflorescence Columnea glabra habitus Columnea hirta habitusColumnea microphylla flowersColumnea purpurata habitusColumnea orientandina fruit216 species are accepted.[ 1]
Columnea albiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea albovinosa (M.Freiberg) J.L.Clark & L.E.Skog Columnea aliena (C.V. Morton) C.V. Morton Columnea allenii C.V. Morton Columnea ambigua (Urb.) B.D. Morley Columnea ampliata (Wiehler) L.E. Skog Columnea angulata J.L.Clark & Tobar Columnea angustata (Wiehler) L.E. Skog Columnea anisophylla DC. Columnea antennifera J.L.Clark & Clavijo Columnea antiocana (Wiehler) J.F. Sm. Columnea argentea Griseb. Columnea arguta C.V. Morton Columnea asteroloma (Wiehler) L.E. Skog Columnea atahualpae J.F. Sm. & L.E. Skog Columnea aurantia Wiehler Columnea aurea Warsz., nom. nud. Columnea bilabiata Seem. Columnea billbergiana Beurl. Columnea bivalvis J.L. Clark & M. Amaya Columnea blancoi J.E.Jiménez, Chinchilla & Kriebel Columnea brenneri (Wiehler) B.D. Morley Columnea brevipila Urb. Columnea byrsina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea calotricha Donn. Sm. Columnea canarina Wiehler Columnea capillosa L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea carinata J.L.Clark & L.E.Skog Columnea caudata M.Amaya & L.P.Kvist Columnea cerropirrana (Wiehler) L.E. Skog Columnea ceticeps J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm. Columnea chiricana Wiehler Columnea chocoensis M.Amaya & L.E.Skog Columnea chrysotricha L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea ciliata (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea citriflora L.E. Skog Columnea cobana Donn. Sm. Columnea colombiana (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea consanguinea Hanst. Columnea coronata M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea coronocrypta M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea corralesii M.Amaya & J.F.Sm. Columnea crassa C.V. Morton Columnea crassicaulis (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea crassifolia Brongn. ex Lem. Columnea cruenta B.D. Morley Columnea cuspidata L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea dictyophylla Donn. Sm. Columnea dielsii Mansf. Columnea dimidiata (Benth.) Kuntze Columnea dissimilis C.V. Morton Columnea domingensis (Urb.) B.D. Morley Columnea dressleri Wiehler Columnea eburnea (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea elongatifolia L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea ericae Mansf. Columnea erythrophaea Decne. ex Houll. Columnea erythrophylla Hanst. Columnea eubracteata Mansf. Columnea fawcettii (Urb.) C.V. Morton Columnea fernandezii M. Amaya Columnea ferruginea J.F.Sm. & J.L.Clark Columnea figueroae M.Amaya Columnea filamentosa L.E. Skog Columnea filifera (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea filipes Oliver Columnea fimbricalyx L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea flaccida Seem. Columnea flexiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea floribunda Tobar & J.L.Clark Columnea florida C.V. Morton Columnea fluidifolia J.L.Clark & Tobar Columnea foreroi M.Amaya Columnea formosa (C.V. Morton) C.V. Morton Columnea fractiflexa J.F.Sm. & J.L.Clark Columnea fritschii (Rusby) J.F. Sm. Columnea fuscihirta L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea gallicauda Wiehler Columnea gigantifolia L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea glabra Oerst. Columnea grata (Oerst. ex Hanst.) C.V.Morton Columnea grisebachiana Kuntze Columnea guatemalensis Sprague Columnea guianensis C.V. Morton Columnea guttata Poepp. in Poepp. & Endl. Columnea harrisii (Urb.) Britton ex C.V. Morton Columnea herthae Mansf. Columnea hiantiflora Wiehler Columnea hirsuta Swartz, non Auct. Columnea hirsutissima C.V. Morton Columnea hirta Klotzsch & Hanst. Columnea hispida Swartz Columnea hypocyrtantha (Wiehler) J.F. Sm. & L.E. Skog Columnea illepida H.E. Moore Columnea inaequilatera Poepp. in Poepp. & Endl. Columnea incarnata C.V. Morton Columnea incredibilis L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea isernii Cuatrec. Columnea kalbreyeriana Masters Columnea karstenianum R.Kr.Singh Columnea katzensteiniae (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea kienastiana Regel Columnea kucyniakii Raymond Columnea labellosa H. Karst. Columnea laciniata J.L.Clark & M.Amaya Columnea laevis L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea lanata (Seem.) Kuntze Columnea lariensis Kriebel Columnea lehmannii Mansf. Columnea lepidocaula Hanst. Columnea linearis Oerst. Columnea longinervosa L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea longipedicellata M.Amaya, Clavijo & O.H.Marín Columnea lophophora Mansf. Columnea lucifer J.L. Clark Columnea maculata C.V. Morton Columnea magnifica Klotzsch ex Oerst. Columnea manabiana (Wiehler) J.F. Sm. & L.E. Skog Columnea mastersonii (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea medicinalis (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea megafolia L.E.Skog & M.Amaya Columnea microcalyx Hanst. (synonymColumnea gloriosa Sprague )Columnea microphylla Klotzsch & Hanst. ex Oerst. Columnea minor (Hook.) Hanst. Columnea minutiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea mira B.D. Morley Columnea moesta Poepp. in Poepp. & Endl. Columnea moorei C.V. Morton Columnea nariniana (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea nematoloba L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea nervosa (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. Columnea nicaraguensis Oerst. Columnea oblongifolia Rusby Columnea ochroleuca (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. Columnea oerstediana Klotzsch ex Oerst. Columnea orientandina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea ornata (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea ovatifolia L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea oxyphylla Hanst. Columnea panamensis C.V. Morton Columnea paraguensis M.Amaya & J.F.Sm. Columnea paramicola (Wiehler) L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog Columnea parviflora C.V. Morton Columnea pectinata C.V. Morton Columnea pedunculata M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea pendens J.L.Clark, Tobar & J.F.Sm. Columnea pendula (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. Columnea perpulchra C.V. Morton Columnea peruviana Zahlbr. Columnea polyantha (Wiehler) L.E. Skog Columnea poortmannii (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea praetexta Hanst. Columnea proctorii Stearn Columnea pubescens (Griseb.) Kuntze Columnea pulcherrima C.V. Morton Columnea pulchra (Wiehler) L.E. Skog Columnea purpurata Hanst. Columnea purpureovittata (Wiehler) B.D. Morley Columnea purpurimarginata L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog Columnea purpusii Standl. Columnea pygmaea J.L. Clark & J.F. Sm. Columnea querceti Oerst. Columnea queremalensis M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist Columnea rangelii M.Amaya & O.H.Marín Columnea raymondii C.V. Morton Columnea repens (Hook.) Hanst. Columnea reticulata M. Amaya, L.E.Skog, C.E.González, & J.F.Sm. Columnea rileyi (Wiehler) J.F.Sm. Columnea ringens Regel Columnea robusta (Wiehler) L.E.Skog Columnea rosea (C.V. Morton) C.V.Morton Columnea rubra C.V. Morton Columnea rubriacuta (Wiehler) L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog Columnea rubribracteata L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog Columnea rubricalyx L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog Columnea rubricaulis Standl. Columnea rubrocincta C.V.Morton Columnea rutilans Swartz Columnea sanguinea (Pers.) Hanst. Columnea sanguinolenta (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. Columnea scandens L. Columnea schiedeana Schlechtend. Columnea schimpffii Mansf. Columnea segregata B.D.Morley Columnea sericeo-villosa Suess. Columnea serrata (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. Columnea silvarum C.V.Morton Columnea skogii Amaya M. Columnea spathulata Mansf. Columnea stilesiana M.Amaya & L.P.Kvist Columnea stricta Rusby Columnea strigosa Benth. Columnea subcordata C.V.Morton Columnea suffruticosa J.F.Sm. & L.E.Skog Columnea sulcata L.E.Skog & L.P.Kvist Columnea sulfurea Donn. Sm. Columnea tandapiana (Wiehler) L.E.Skog & L.P.Kvist Columnea tecta J.L.Clark & Clavijo Columnea tenella L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog Columnea tenensis (Wiehler) B.D. Morley Columnea tenuis Klotzsch ex Oerst. Columnea tessmannii Mansf. Columnea tincta Griseb. Columnea tomentulosa C.V. Morton Columnea trollii Mansf. Columnea tutunendana (Wiehler) L.E.Skog Columnea ulei Mansf. Columnea ultraviolacea J.F.Sm. & L.E.Skog Columnea urbanii Stearn Columnea verecunda C.V.Morton Columnea villosissima Mansf. Columnea vinacea C.V.Morton Columnea vittata (Wiehler) L.E.Skog Columnea weberbaueri Mansf. Columnea xiphoidea J.F.Sm. & L.E.Skog Columnea zebranella Wiehler Columnea zebrina Raymond Wikimedia Commons has media related to
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