Colonial architecture is a hybrid architectural style that arose as colonists combined architectural styles from their country of origin with design characteristics of the settled country. Colonists frequently built houses and buildings in a style that was familiar to them but with local characteristics more suited to their new climate.^[1]Below are links to specific articles about colonial architecture, specifically themodern colonies:

Spanish colonial architecture is still found in the former colonies of theSpanish Empire in theAmericas and in thePhilippines. In Mexico, it is found in theHistoric center of Mexico City,Puebla,Zacatecas,Querétaro,Guanajuato, andMorelia.Antigua Guatemala inGuatemala is also known for its well-preserved Spanish colonial style architecture. Other cities known for Spanish colonial heritage areCiudad Colonial ofSanto Domingo, the ports ofCartagena, Colombia, andOld San Juan inPuerto Rico.

North America

• Viceroyalty of New Spain
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico
    • New Spanish Baroque
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in the United States
  • Spanish Colonial Revival architecture

Caribbean

• Spanish West Indies

  

  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Cuba
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in the Dominican Republic
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Puerto Rico

South America

• Viceroyalty of Peru,Viceroyalty of New Granada, andViceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Argentina
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Chile
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Colombia
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Peru
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in Venezuela

    

• Spanish missions in South America
  • Spanish missions in Bolivia
  • Spanish missions in Brazil
  • Spanish missions in Paraguay

Asia

• Spanish East Indies
  • Spanish Colonial architecture in the Philippines
  • Earthquake Baroque
  • Bahay na Bato

Portuguese colonial architecture is most visible inBrazil,Madeira,North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa,Macau, the Malaysian city ofMalacca, city ofGoa in India, andMoluccas andJava in Indonesia.

• Asia
  • Portuguese colonial architecture in India
  • Portuguese colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
  • Sino-Portuguese architecture
  • Centro Histórico de Macau [pt;de;yue]
• South America
  • Portuguese colonial architecture in Brazil

British colonial architecture are most visible inNorth America, theBritish West Indies,South Asia,Australia,New Zealand andSouth Africa.

• North America
  • American colonial architecture
    • Federal architecture
    • First Period architecture
    • Colonial Georgian architecture
  • British colonial architecture in Canada
• South Asia
  • British colonial architecture in India
  • British colonial architecture in Pakistan
  • British colonial architecture in Bangladesh
  • Colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
• Australia
  • Colonial architecture of Australia
    • Federation architecture
• Asia-Pacific
  • British colonial architecture in Hong Kong
  • British colonial architecture in Singapore
  • British Consulate at Takao

French colonial architecture is most visible inNorth America andIndochina.

• Indochina
• North America
  • French colonial architecture in North America
• South Asia
  • French colonial architecture in India

Dutch colonial architecture is most visible inIndonesia (especiallyJava andSumatra), the United States,South Asia, andSouth Africa. In Indonesia, formerly Dutch East Indies, colonial architecture was studied academically and had developed into anew tropical architecture form which emphasizes on conforming to the tropical climate of the Indies and not completely imitating the architectural language of the Dutch colonists.

• Indonesia
  • Dutch colonial architecture of Indonesia
    • Old Indies Style
    • Indies Empire style
    • New Indies Style
• North America
  • Dutch colonial architecture in North America
  • Dutch Colonial Revival architecture
• South Asia
  • Dutch colonial architecture in India
  • Colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
• South Africa
  • Cape Dutch architecture

Russian colonial architecture is primarily represented inSiberia,Far East andCentral Asia. The best example of Russian colonial architecture in Siberia is the architecture ofIrkutsk,Tobolsk,Tomsk,Krasnoyarsk,Omsk andYeniseysk. Russian colonial architecture in Siberia was primarily built out of wood due to the abundance of it in the region and is noticeable for its wooden carving.^[2]

• Siberia
  • Siberian baroque
  • Lace houses
• Central Asia
  • Soviet architecture in Central Asia
• Turkey
  • Baltic style of Kars

Eritrea wasItaly's first African colony. Its first capital,Massawa, contains a large amount of early Italian colonial architecture, characterized by historicism and inspiration fromVenetian Gothic andItalian Neoclassical architecture. The colonial architecture and orthogonal street grid ofAsmara, the colony's second capital, was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2017. Much of the city's colonial architecture dates to the fascist era, during whichBenito Mussolini encouraged architects and planners to transform the city into a "Little Rome".^[3][4]

Somalia also contains a wide range of Italian colonial architecture, dating back to itscolonial era. InMogadishu, the residence of most of the colony's eventual 50,000 Italian residents, colonial architects undertook large planning projects and erected monuments such as the still-extant triumphal arch dedicated toUmberto I, the largely destroyedCathedral of Mogadiscio, and various government buildings. The Italian-builtVilla Somalia remains Somalia's presidential residence. Unlike colonial schemes in Libya and Eritrea, Italian colonial authorities built within existing cities in Somalia, not building new villages or towns for settlers.^[5]

Before the consolidation ofItalian Cyrenaica andItalian Tripolitania, Libya's colonial masters undertook significant building projects in Italian styles, such as the construction ofTripoli's Cathedral, built in a Venetian Gothic style. Following the founding ofItalian Libya,Italian Fascist architecture became the standard for the massive infrastructural and settlement-related projects that Mussolini's Italy undertook. In cities such asTripoli andBenghazi, colonial architects and urban planners undertook large-scale urban projects, such as the construction of Benghazi's monumentalLungomare (sea-walk), new urban districts for Italian settlers, and Catholic religious buildings, includingBenghazi's andTripoli's cathedrals. The fascist government's constructions were usually characterized by use of theItalian Rationalist andNeoclassical styles. Starting in 1938, the colony's Public Works Department sponsored the building of 27 new villages meant for Italian settlement, mostly inCyrenaica, which epitomized a Rationalism informed by local Arab architectural mores.Giovanni Pellegrini, one of the most prominent designers of these agrarian villages, attempted to synthesize Arab and Italian architecture to settlements best fitted to Cyrenaica's arid climate.^[6][7]

Italy's occupation of the Dodecanese bore a significant amount of modernist and art deco buildings throughout the archipelago. Colonial architects also constructed several new towns and villages, such as Portolago, now known asLakki. Contrasting with much of the built remnants of Italian colonialism in Africa, Italian architecture in the Dodecanese often remains in good repair.^[8]

Italy's briefcolonial undertaking in Albania resulted in a prominent collection of Rationalist buildings, including theBank of Albania, thePrime Minister's Office, and theNational Theatre.^[9]

• Colonial Revival architecture
• American colonial architecture

Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Colonial architecture.

• Website on colonial architecture with 29,000 pictures of colonial buildings around the world byGauvin Alexander Bailey ofQueen's University and funded by theSocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and theNational Endowment for the Humanities

• Colonial architecture
• Architectural styles
• Architectural history
• History of European colonialism

• CS1 Italian-language sources (it)
• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Commons category link is on Wikidata