 An old Colman's advert at theBuckinghamshire Railway Centre | |
| Product type | Mustard |
|---|---|
| Owner | Unilever |
| Country | Norfolk,East Anglia, England |
| Introduced | 1814; 212 years ago (1814) |
| Previous owners | Reckitt & Colman (nowReckitt Benckiser) |
Colman's is an English manufacturer ofmustard and other sauces, formerly based and produced for 160 years at Carrow, inNorwich, Norfolk. Owned byUnilever since 1995, Colman's is one of the oldest existing food brands, famous for a limited range of products, almost all being varieties of mustard, though now also producing a range of recipe and sauce mixes, as well as other condiments.
In the early 1800s,Jeremiah Colman began making mustard at awater mill near Norwich in the village ofBawburgh. To create a tangy flavour, he blended brown mustard (Brassica juncea) with white mustard (Sinapis alba).
Colman foundedColman's of Norwich in 1814, at theStoke Holy Cross mill on theRiver Tas, four miles (6.4 km) south of Norwich.[1] In 1823 he took his adopted nephew, James, into the business, which becameJ. & J. Colman.[1]
In 1851,J. J. Colman took over the business.[1] By 1865, production had transferred to a large factory atCarrow Road on land atThorpe Hamlet, bought from theNorfolk Railway to the south of Norwich,[1] where the firm operated until the Norwich closure.
From 1855, the firm introduced its distinctive yellow packaging and bull's-head logo. In 1866, it was granted theRoyal Warrant as manufacturers of mustard toQueen Victoria.[1]His Majesty's household still uses Colman's today.[citation needed]
The Colman family's pioneering achievements in social welfare are part of Norwich's history. In 1857 a school was opened for the employees' children,[1] while in 1864, the firm employed a nurse to help sick members of staff, a social revolution at the time.[1]
From 1896,Jeremiah Colman became chairman.[2] In 1903, the firm took over rival mustard makerKeen Robinson & Company,[1] through which it also acquired theRobinsonsbarley water and baby food business.[3] The purpose of the acquisition was to reduce competition within the mustard business.[3]
In the 19th and early 20th centuriesWisbech uniquely held annual mustard markets where the sale of the harvest of 'brown' and 'white' seed took place. Regular annual Buyers included Messrs Colman's.[4][5]
By 1909, the company employed 2,300 people.[3]
Keen's production was moved from London to Norwich in 1925.[3]
Together withReckitt, the company acquiredFrench's, the American mustard manufacturer, in 1926 for £750,000.[3]
In 1938, it merged withReckitt and Sons of Hull to form theReckitt & Colman household products conglomerate.[1]
From 1997 to 2001, Colman's were the main sponsors ofNorwich City Football Club.
The Colman's part of the business was demerged in 1995 and Colman's became part ofUnilever UK Ltd.[1][6] In addition to mustard, it applies its name to condiments, sauces and other foodstuffs. Reckitt and Colman engaged in cost-cutting as it prepared to sell the brand, getting rid of theagronomy department, which had looked after plant breeding and seed development.[7]
Colman's maintains links with Norwich. The founding family are commemorated in street names such asColman Road (part of the A140 inner ring road), on which is situated Colman First and Middle Schools. In addition, the Colman House residence at theUniversity of East Anglia is named after the company and Jeremiah Colman.
Originally all Mustard and Condiments were in round jars. Since 1991 some Mustard and all Condiments are in square jars. OnlyEnglish Mustard andFrench Mustard kept the round jar. Some Mustards have being on and off in round to square jars.
In January 2018, it was announced that Colman's was to leave its base in Norwich where the condiment had been produced for 160 years and would move its production toBurton upon Trent inStaffordshire and Germany.[8]
In 2019, the Colman's factory in Norwich rolled its last jar of mustard off the production line and its "best before" date was changed for the occasion to: "Norwich's Last. By Its Finest. July 24th 2019".[9] Colman's continued making other condiments at the Carrow site until closing its doors in early 2020.
The Mustard Shop traded inNorwich from 1973 to April 2017.[10] The shop was originally opened in Bridewell Alley.[10] In 1999, the shop was relocated toNorwich's Royal Arcade.[10] Norwich Heritage Economic and Regeneration Trust took over the shop in 2009, making it both a retail operation and tourism attraction.[10] In 2015, Guildhall Enterprises took the premises from HEART.[11] The shop was closed in April 2017.[10][11]
In the 1920s,Dorothy L. Sayers worked on their account. Sayers was employed by S. H. Benson; her collaboration with artistJohn Gilroy resulted in "The Mustard Club" for Colman's Mustard.[12] Media slogans such as "Come on Colman's, light my fire" appeared in the late 20th century.
While the product was still manufactured in Norfolk, Colman's was the main shirt sponsor ofNorwich City Football Club.
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