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Cobra Dane

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Coordinates:52°44′14″N174°05′28″E / 52.73722°N 174.09111°E /52.73722; 174.09111

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

US radar installation for monitoring Soviet missile tests

TheAN/FPS-108 COBRA DANE is aPESA phased array radar installation operated byRaytheon for theUnited States Space Force (originally for theUnited States Air Force) atEareckson Air Station on the island ofShemya,Aleutian Islands,Alaska.^[1] The system was built in 1976 and brought online in 1977 for the primary mission of gathering intelligence about Russia'sICBM program in support of verification of theSALT II arms limitation treaty. Its single face 95 ft (29 m) diameter phased array radarantenna52°44′14″N174°05′29″E / 52.7373°N 174.0914°E /52.7373; 174.0914 faces theKamchatka Peninsula and Russia'sKura Test Range. COBRA DANE operates in the 1215–1400 MHz band and can track items as small as a basketball sized drone at distances of several hundred miles.^[2]

The "COBRA" designation indicates a general Defense Intelligence program^[3] and, in accordance with theJoint Electronics Type Designation System, the "AN/FPS-108" designation represents the 108th design of an Army-Navy fixed radar (pulsed) electronic device for searching.^[4]^[5]

Description

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It initially employed aControl Data Corporation Cyber 74 mainframe computer for data processing.^[6]Data from the radar is sent to theNorth American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) atPeterson Space Force Base, Colorado. It is also listed as a partner of theNASA Orbital Debris Program Office and works with theMissile Defense Agency,^[1] under the control of the21st Operations Group.^[7]

The Cobra Dane radar has been upgraded to be integrated in the Missile Defense Agency's (MDA) Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS). The improvement includes midcourse BMDS sensor coverage by providing acquisition, tracking, object classification, and data that can be used for cueing, launch of interceptor missiles, and course updates of interceptors while retaining the site's legacy intelligence and space track missions. The Space Force maintains responsibility for the Cobra Dane radar operations, maintenance, and sustainment.^[8]

Technical specifications

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Traveling wave tube l-fed phased-array, all-weather, long-range radar
Provides midcourse coverage for the Ballistic Missile Defense System. Detects sea-launched or intercontinental ballistic missiles; Classifies reentry vehicles and other missile objects. Provides real-time information to Fire Control.
Provides tracking of threat ballistic missiles sufficiently accurate to commit the launch of interceptors and to update the target tracks to the interceptor while the interceptor is in flight
Has one radar face providing 136° of azimuth coverage. The radar face is approximately 95 feet (29 metres) in diameter; overall radar height is 120 feet (37 metres). Detects objects out to 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometres). It operates in theL-band frequency.^[9]

References

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^^a ^b"The Missile Defense Agency - MDA - U.S. Department of Defense"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2009-07-14. Retrieved2009-02-27.
^"AN/FPS-108 COBRA DANE".fas.org. Retrieved2014-10-01.
^Colonel Bill Grimes, U.R. (2014).The History of Big Safari. Archway. p. 454.ISBN 9781480804562.
^Winkler, David F. (1997). "Radar Systems Classification Methods".Searching the Skies: The Legacy of the United States Cold War Defense Radar Program(PDF). Langley AFB, Virginia: United States Air Force Headquarters Air Combat Command. p. 73.LCCN 97020912. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
^Avionics Department (2013). "Missile and Electronic Equipment Designations".Electronic Warfare and Radar Systems Engineering Handbook(PDF) (4 ed.). Point Mugu, California: Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division. pp. 2–8.1.
^"Press report on Computer sale to PRC (THIS LINK POINTS TO THE WRONG DOCUMENT)".United States Department of State. 1976-10-30. Retrieved2010-04-02.
^Steve Brady."Wing adopts new (again) space surveillance mission". afspc.af.mil. Archived fromthe original on 2014-12-20. Retrieved2014-12-16.
^"MDA - Sensors". Mda.mil. Retrieved2022-08-28.
^Missile Defense Agency (2024)."Cobra Dane Fact Sheet"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 28 March 2025.

External links

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National Security Space Roadmap COBRA DANE Overview Archived 2015-04-09 at theWayback Machine
NASA Orbital Debris Program Office Archived 2019-03-28 at theWayback Machine
Raytheon – Upgrades, etc.
Space Surveillance Sensors: The Cobra Dane Radar. Article at the Mostlymissiledefence Blog.

Missile defense in the United States

Systems

Sensors

Radar

Optical

Weapons

v t e United States General Defense Intelligence Programs
Cobra Ball Cobra Dane Cobra Eye Cobra Jaw Cobra Gemini Cobra Judy Cobra King Cobra Mist

v t e US Air Force Ground-based search radars
AN/FPS-3 AN/FPS-4 AN/FPS-5 AN/FPS-6 AN/FPS-7 AN/FPS-8 AN/FPS-10 AN/FPS-12 AN/FPS-14 AN/FPS-16 AN/FPS-17 AN/FPS-18 AN/FPS-19 AN/FPS-20 AN/FPS-23 AN/FPS-24 AN/FPS-26 AN/FPS-27 AN/FPS-30 AN/FPS-35 AN/FPS-41 AN/FPS-49 AN/FPS-50 AN/FPS-64 AN/FPS-65 AN/FPS-66 AN/FPS-67 AN/FPS-82 AN/FPS-85 AN/FPS-87 AN/FPS-90 AN/FPS-91 AN/FPS-92 AN/FPS-93 AN/FPS-95 AN/FPS-100 AN/FPS-107 AN/FPS-108 AN/FPS-113 AN/FPS-115 AN/FPS-116 AN/FPS-117 AN/FPS-120 AN/FPS-123 AN/FPS-124 AN/FPS-126 AN/FPS-129 AN/FPS-130 AN/FPS-132 AN/FPS-133

US Air Force Ground-based search radars

AN/FPS-3

AN/FPS-4
AN/FPS-5
AN/FPS-6
AN/FPS-7
AN/FPS-8
AN/FPS-10
AN/FPS-12
AN/FPS-14
AN/FPS-16
AN/FPS-17
AN/FPS-18
AN/FPS-19
AN/FPS-20
AN/FPS-23
AN/FPS-24
AN/FPS-26
AN/FPS-27
AN/FPS-30
AN/FPS-35
AN/FPS-41
AN/FPS-49
AN/FPS-50
AN/FPS-64
AN/FPS-65
AN/FPS-66
AN/FPS-67
AN/FPS-82
AN/FPS-85
AN/FPS-87
AN/FPS-90
AN/FPS-91
AN/FPS-92
AN/FPS-93
AN/FPS-95
AN/FPS-100
AN/FPS-107
AN/FPS-108
AN/FPS-113
AN/FPS-115
AN/FPS-116
AN/FPS-117
AN/FPS-120
AN/FPS-123
AN/FPS-124
AN/FPS-126
AN/FPS-129
AN/FPS-130
AN/FPS-132
AN/FPS-133

v t e United States Air Force system numbers
100–199	100 101 P 102 103 104 105 106¹ 107 A-1 A-2 108¹ 109¹ 110 111¹ 112 113¹ 114¹ 115¹ 116¹ 117 L M 118 A L P 119 C/F E L T Y 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127¹ 128 129 130 131 132 A B 133 134¹ 135 136¹ 137¹ 138 139 140 141¹ 142 143–197¹ 198 199 B C D Y
200–299	200 201 A/L B/W E 202 203¹ 204 205 206 207¹ 208 209¹ 210 211¹ 212 213 214 215¹ 216 217 218 219¹ 220 221 222 A G 223¹ 224 225¹ 226 227–238¹ 239 240–278¹ 279 280–298¹ 299
300–399	300 301¹ 302 303 304¹ 305¹ 306 A/L B 307 308 309 310¹ 311¹ 312¹ 313¹ 314 315 A-1 A-2 316 317 318¹ 319 320¹ 321 322¹ 323 324 L M/N 325 326 327 E 328 E 329 F 330¹ 331¹ 332¹ 333¹ 334¹ 335 336 337 338–379¹ 380 A/B/E/F/N P 381–397¹ 398 399 A B
400–499	400 B/C/N E G/H M 401 402 403¹ 404 405 B C D 406¹ 407 408¹ 409¹ 410 E L 411 E L 412 413 414 L M 415 416 L M (I) M (II) P Q 417 418 L M 419¹ 420 L/W 421¹ 422 423 424 425 426 L M 427 L M 428 A L 429 430 431 G (I) G (II) 432 433 434 435 A L 436 437 438 439 440 441 A D L 442 443 444¹ 445 L M 446 447 448¹ 449¹ 450 451 D L 452 453 454¹ 455 456 457¹ 458 459 460 L 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 L (I) L (II) 472 473 474 L N 475¹ 476 E 477 478 A T 479¹ 480 481 L 482 E L M/Z 483 484 L M N 485 L Z 486 487 488 489 490 L M 491¹ 492 493 494 495 L (I) L (II) 496 497 A L (I) L 498 A C D E L 499 A C D
500–599	500 501–519¹ 520 521–529¹ 530 531–541¹ 542 543–549¹ 550 A E 551–559¹ 560 A F 561–569¹ 570 571–579¹ 580 A E 581–589¹ 590 591 592 593–599¹
600–699	600 601 A L 602 A L 603 A L 604 605 606 607 608¹ 609 610¹ 611¹ 612¹ 613¹ 614 615¹ 616 617¹ 618 619¹ 620 621 A/B (I) B (II) 622 623 624 625 626¹ 627 628¹ 629¹ 630¹ 631¹ 632 633 634 A B 635 636¹ 637¹ 638 639 640 641 642 643 644¹ 645¹ 646¹ 647¹ 648 A D P 649 A B C D E F L P 650 651 652 653¹ 654¹ 655 A (I) A (II) P 656 657¹ 658¹ 659¹ 660 661 662¹ 663¹ 664 665 A (I) A (II) 666 A C/P 667 668 669¹ 670 671¹ 672 A M/P 673¹ 674 675 676¹ 677¹ 678¹ 679 680 681 D E 682¹ 683 A J V 684¹ 685 686 687 J P 688¹ 689¹ 690 691 C X Z 692¹ 693 694¹ 695 A C L N P Q R S (I) S (II) 696¹ 697¹ 698¹ 699¹
700–799	700–735¹ 736 737¹ 738¹ 739¹ 740¹ 741 742 743 744¹ 745 746–753¹ 754 755–799¹
800–899	800¹ 801¹ 802 L (I) L (II) 803¹ 804¹ 805¹ 806 807 808–816¹ 817 818¹ 819¹ 820¹ 821¹ 822¹ 823 824–831¹ 832 833¹ 834 835–845¹ 846 847–899¹
900–999	900–951¹ 952 853¹ 854¹ 855¹ 956 957–967¹ 968
¹ Unknown or not assigned