 | |
 | |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Pharmaceuticals/Biotech |
| Founded | 1997; 28 years ago (1997) |
| Founders | Jean-Paul Clozel, Martine Clozel, Walter Fischli, André J. Müller and Thomas Widmann |
| Headquarters | Gewerbestrasse 16,, Switzerland |
Area served | Research and Development of medicines for unmet medical need |
Key people | Jean-Paul Clozel (CEO) |
| Products | Tracleer, Ventavis, Zavesca, Veletri, Opsumit |
| Revenue | CHF 2.412 billion(2016)[1] |
| CHF 992 million(2016) | |
Number of employees | 2,624(2016) |
| Parent | Johnson & Johnson |
| Website | actelion |
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is a pharmaceuticals and biotechnology company established in December 1997, headquartered inAllschwil near Basel, Switzerland.[2] The company is part of Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine business segment.[3]
Actelion focuses on the manufacture of drugs that treatrare andorphan diseases. Some of the drugs it has produced have been used to treat patients with symptoms related to central nervous system disorders,irregular heart conditions, immune system disorders, and cancer.[4] One of the focuses of Actelion is treating individuals withpulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a heart condition that leaves patients with a short life expectancy (7–9 years) even with treatment.[5]
Actelion scientists were among the first to work in the field ofendothelin receptor antagonists.[6] Actelion was initially financed withventure capital provided through a syndicate includingAtlas Venture, Sofinnova andHealthCap.
Actelion develops and sells drugs in the continents of Asia, Europe, and North and South America.[4] Actelion has 29 operative affiliates globally, including in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Australia, Japan, Switzerland, and several EU countries. The Swiss affiliate is located inBaden,[7] the German affiliate inFreiburg,[8] the Austrian one inVienna,[9] the French one inParis[10] and the UK affiliate is located inLondon.[11][failed verification][12]
In 2006, the company established the Actelion Endothelin Research Award program which supports selected clinical research projects.[13]
In January 2017,Johnson & Johnson announced it would purchase the company for $30 billion.[14] Actelion's research and development unit would also be spun off after the acquisition.[15] The new companyIdorsia was created from former Actelion drug discovery operations and early-stage clinical development assets and listed in June 2017 on theSIX Swiss Exchange.[16]
In 2018, Johnson & Johnson announced they would discontinue the development of one of the phase III drugs it acquired during its purchase of Actelion.[2]
Actelion was founded in 1997[17] by husband and wife team Jean-Paul and Martine Clozel[18] together with three colleagues afterF. Hoffmann-La Roche cut their funding for Martine's cardiovascular program. They founded Actelion to work on a drugs forrare diseases and retained the rights to the intellectual property from Roche, including the molecule leading to the development ofTracleer, a drug for treatingpulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which became a billion dollar seller.[19]
 | |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Pharmaceutical |
| Founded | 2000 |
| Defunct | 9 January 2007; 18 years ago (2007-1-9) |
| Fate | acquired by Actelion |
| Headquarters | South San Francisco, California |
Key people | Donald J. Santel, CEO & Director |
| Products | Ventavis |
| Revenue | US$63 million |
Number of employees | 100 |
| Website | www.cotherix.com |
CoTherix was abiopharmaceutical company located inSouth San Francisco, California. CoTherix focused on licensing, developing, and commercializing therapeutic products for the treatment ofcardiopulmonary and other chronic diseases. The company, formerly known asExhale Therapeutics, Inc., was founded in February 2000 by Gerard Turino, MD, a past president of theAmerican Thoracic Society, and Jerome Cantor, MD, a pulmonary pathologist.[citation needed]
CoTherix's commercial product was "Ventavis (Iloprost)", an inhaled therapy forpulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). It was approved by the United StatesFood and Drug Administration in December 2004, two months after the company'sinitial public offering of 5 million shares of common stock.
Asahi developedfasudil and entered into a licensing and development agreement with CoTherix in July 2006 to pursueregulatory approval and commercialization in the United States and Europe based on their prior track record in this area.[20][21] In November 2006, CoTherix and Actelion signed a merger plan, which was subsequently announced publicly; this followed the initiation of negotiations in August 2006.[21] In January 2007, Actelion completed acquisition of all CoTherix stock, and summarily informed Asahi that work on fasudil would be terminated.[21] Now, Actelion had a competitor blockbuster drug on the market,bosentan (Tracleer).[21] Asashi claimed that Actelion's acquisition of CoTherix was directly aimed at removing fasudil as a competitor therapeutic, which it effectively did.[20] Asahi pursued damages against CoTherix and Actelion initially through arbitration of a breach of contract claim, which netted them US$91 million, then in a jury trial, which resulted in an award of US$580 million in compensatory and punitive damages.[20] This case has served as an exemplar of the notion that a company's contractual obligations persist after that company's acquisition.[20]
On 20 November 2006, CoTherix agreed to be purchased for $420 million in cash by Actelion of Basel, Switzerland. On 9 January 2007, the deal closed with Actelion paying $13.50 for each share of CoTherix stock.
Actelion, headquartered in Switzerland, managed to earn 18.2% more in the year of 2016 than it did in 2015 while reporting an earning of 2,417.9 million Swiss Francs at the end of 2016.[4] After accounting for all costs of production such as raw materials and wages, the company calculated its operating margin (operating profit to net sales ratio) to be 0.5% more in 2016 than it was in 2015.[4]
 | This article's"criticism" or "controversy" sectionmay compromise the article'sneutrality. Please help rewrite or integrate negative information to other sectionsthrough discussion on thetalk page.(March 2023) |
Tracleer was one of the main drugs manufactured and sold by Actelion. It has been used to treat excessively high blood pressure that affect arteries in the lungs and heart. In the years of 2014 and 2015, before Johnson & Johnson acquired the pharmaceutical company, Actelion was accused of pushing up the prices of Tracleer. According to a website known as Goodrx, sixty tablets (one month's supply) of this drug are sold for an average of $14,500.[22]
Actelion was able to do this by illegally providing money to Medicare patients in order for them to be able to fulfill their co-payments for the drug Tracleer.[22] Medicare is a healthcare program for adults who are 65 years and older.[22] Most patients have their prescriptions covered by Medicare, but they must still pay a portion of the amount of the prescription, known as a co-payment. By making sure Medicare patients are still paying a certain amount, drug companies are unable to raise their prices to inordinately large amounts.[22]
However recently many large drug companies, such as Pfizer, Lundbeck, United Therapeutics and now Actelion have been found to be illegally providing cash assistance to charities that help patients with their co-payments in order to increase the demand for their products.[22] Actelion was able to use the charity organization by the name of Caring Voice Coalition to send money only to those people who were receiving prescriptions of Tracleer.[22] When law enforcement was able to catch onto the illegal activities occurring with this organization with relation to two pharmaceutical companies (Actelion and United Therapeutics), it was banned from partaking in any further Medicare related matters.[22]
By ignoring the laws and regulations set by Congress, to prevent pharmaceutical companies from increasing the demand and prices of their drugs, and using information obtained from Caring Voice Coalition to financially support patients who were buying only its own drugs, Actelion was able to increase its drug prices to extraordinarily high amounts (nearly 30% of the inflation rate).[22]
Actelion was also complicit in referring patients to Caring Voice Coalition. Many unknowing patients who were gathering information about organizations that might cover their medical needs were being sent to CVC. Illegally, furthering the high demand for their drug.[22]
While investigations were taking place, Actelion refused to accept that any criminal activity or misconduct had occurred. It has been forced to pay a $360 million as a settlement to the United States government for the malpractice relating to kickbacks to Medicare patients.[22]
As of October, 2018, it was also caught in two lawsuit by drug buyers who claimed that Actelion was preventing a generic version of Tracleer to be manufactured so that it could stay in charge of the market as the sole supplier of the drug.[22]
Analytics 4 Life is a company that uses artificial intelligence to develop solutions for medical illnesses while focusing its efforts on coronary artery disease. Actelion has been reported to start working with Analytics 4 Life to use imaging technology with regards to pulmonary hypertension.[5] A study, involving 500 individuals is being conducted to solve this widespread illness.[5] These companies are hoping to be able to accurately assess an individual's cardiac health using imaging technology and thus avoiding the need for an invasive test.[5] Actelion hopes that using this technology will help detect pulmonary hypertension in more people at an earlier age and thus leading to higher chances of success in the treatment.
Actelion currently has 10 compounds in its pipeline – including 3 in late-stage development – and 4 medicines on the market fororphan diseases:
Some other drugs that have been produced by Actelion's to provide for the PAH (Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) market include:
Late-stage drugs in development by Actelion include:
By January 2011, Actelion had 2,467 employees, 392 in research, 640 in development, and 1017 in sales and marketing. In 2010, Actelion's sales amounted to 1,929 million CHF.[32]
Actelion's shares have been listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (ticker symbol ATLN) since 2000SWX Swiss ExchangeSwiss Leader Index. In September 2008, Actelion shares began trading as part of theSwiss Market Index.[33][34][35]
Actelion received the "Prix Hermès de l'innovation" (Hermès Award for Innovation) in April 2011:[36] The "European Institute for Creative Strategy and Innovation", the creator of the Prix Hermès, was founded in 2003 in France.
The "performance report for Swiss pharma websites" awarded Actelion the first Prize in the second consecutive year:.[37]
Case reference: 222 Cal. App. 4th 945 (2014)
