| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
|---|
| Afrikaans | Standard[2] | bed | [bet] | 'bed' | Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛ⟩. The height varies between close-mid[e] and mid[ɛ̝].[2] SeeAfrikaans phonology |
| Arabic | Standard | مَجۡر۪ىٰهَا/majrēhā | [mad͡ʒ.reː.haː] | | Seeimalah |
| Azerbaijani | gecə | [ɟeˈd͡ʒæ] | 'night' | |
| Bengali | ভেজা | [bʱdʒɐ] | 'wet' | SeeBengali phonology |
| Bavarian | Amstetten dialect[3] | [example needed] | | | |
| Breton | eget[4] | [eˈɡet] | 'than' | |
| Catalan[5] | séc | [ˈsek] | 'fold' | SeeCatalan phonology |
| Chinese | Shanghainese[6] | 该/kè | [ke̠ʔ˩] | 'should' | Near-front; realization of/ɛ/, which appears only in open syllables. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to/ɪ/ ([ɪ̞]), which appears only in closed syllables.[6] |
| Chuvash | эрешмен/ereşmen | [erɛʃ'mɛnʲ] | 'spider' | |
| Danish | Standard[7][8] | hæl | [ˈheːˀl] | 'heel' | Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛː⟩. SeeDanish phonology |
| Dutch | Belgian[9] | vreemd | [vreːmt] | 'strange' | In the Netherlands oftendiphthongized to[eɪ]. SeeDutch phonology |
| English | Australian[10] | bed | [bed] | 'bed' | SeeAustralian English phonology |
| New Zealand[11] | The height varies from near-close in broad varieties to mid in the Cultivated variety.[11] SeeNew Zealand English phonology |
| General American[12] | may | [meː] | 'may' | Most often a closing diphthong[eɪ].[12] |
| General Indian[13] | Realized closer to [j̚e]. |
| General Pakistani[14] | Can be a diphthong[eɪ] instead, depending on speaker. |
| Geordie[15] | |
| Scottish[16] | |
| Singaporean[17] | |
| Ulster[18] | Pronounced[ɛː~iə] in Belfast. |
| SomeCardiff speakers[19] | square | [skweː] | 'square' | More often open-mid[ɛː].[19] |
| Scouse[20] | May (less commonly) be less open [ɪː] or more open [ɛː] instead[21] |
| Scottish[16] | bit | [bë̞ʔ] | 'bit' | Near-front,[16] may be[ɪ] (also[ə]) instead for other speakers. |
| Cockney[22] | bird | [bɛ̝̈ːd] | 'bird' | Near-front; occasional realization of/ɜː/. It can be rounded[œ̝ː] or, more often, unrounded central[ɜ̝ː] instead.[22] Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɜː⟩. |
| Estonian[23] | keha | [ˈkeɦɑ̝ˑ] | 'body' | SeeEstonian phonology |
| French[24][25] | beauté | [bot̪e] | 'beauty' | SeeFrench phonology |
| German | Standard[26][27] | Seele | [ˈzeːlə]ⓘ | 'soul' | SeeStandard German phonology |
| Many speakers[28] | Jäger | [ˈjeːɡɐ] | 'hunter' | Outcome of the/ɛː–eː/ merger found universally in Northern Germany, Eastern Germany and Eastern Austria (often even in formal speech) and in some other regions.[28] SeeStandard German phonology |
| Southern accents[29] | Bett | [b̥et] | 'bed' | Common realization of/ɛ/ in Southern Germany, Switzerland and Austria.[29] SeeStandard German phonology |
| Swabian accent[29] | Contrasts with the open-mid[ɛ].[29] SeeStandard German phonology |
| Greek | Sfakian[30] | [example needed] | | | Corresponds to mid[e̞] in Modern Standard Greek.[31] SeeModern Greek phonology |
| Hebrew[32] | כן/ken | [ke̞n] | 'yes' | Hebrew vowels are not shown in the script, seeNiqqud andModern Hebrew phonology |
| Hindustani | Hindi | के/ke | [keː] | 'of' | SeeHindustani phonology |
| Urdu | کے/ke |
| Hungarian[33] | hét | [heːt̪] | 'seven' | Also described as mid[e̞ː].[34] SeeHungarian phonology |
| Italian | Standard[35] | stelle | [ˈs̪t̪elle] | 'stars' | SeeItalian phonology |
| Khmer | ទុរេន /turen | [tureːn] | 'durian' | SeeKhmer phonology |
| Korean | 메아리 /meari | [meɐɾi] | 'echo' | SeeKorean phonology |
| Limburgish | Most dialects[36][37][38] | leef | [leːf] | 'dear' | The example word is from theMaastrichtian dialect. |
| Lithuanian | tėtė | [t̪eːt̪eː] | 'father' | 'Tete' and 'tėtis' are more commonly used than 'tėtė.' |
| Malay | kecil | [kə.t͡ʃel] | 'small' | Allophone of /i/ in closed-final syllables. May be [ɪ] or [e̞] depending on the speaker. SeeMalay phonology |
| Malayalam | ചെവി/čevi | [ȶ͡ɕeʋi] | 'ear' | SeeMalayalam phonology |
| Marathi | एक/ek | [e:k] | 'one' | SeeMarathi phonology |
| Norwegian | le | [leː] | 'laugh' | The example word is fromUrban East Norwegian.[39][40] SeeNorwegian phonology |
| Mpade[41] | faɗe | [faɗe] | 'night' | |
| Persian | سه/se | [se] | 'three' | |
| Polish[42] | dzień | [d͡ʑeɲ̟]ⓘ | 'day' | Allophone of/ɛ/ between palatal or palatalized consonants. SeePolish phonology |
| Portuguese[43] | mesa | [ˈmezɐ] | 'table' | SeePortuguese phonology |
| Romanian | umple | [ˈumple] | 'to fill' | SeeRomanian phonology |
| Russian[44] | шея/šeja | [ˈʂejə]ⓘ | 'neck' | Close-mid[e] before and between soft consonants, mid[e̞] after soft consonants.[44] SeeRussian phonology |
| Saterland Frisian[45] | tään | [te̠ːn] | 'thin' | Near-front; typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛː⟩. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to/ɪ/ ([ɪ̞]). The vowel typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨eː⟩ is actually near-close[e̝ː].[45] |
| Slovene[46] | sedem | [ˈsèːdəm] | 'seven' | SeeSlovene phonology |
| Sotho[47] | ho jwetsa | [hʊ̠ʒʷet͡sʼɑ̈] | 'to tell' | Contrasts close, near-close and close-mid front unrounded vowels.[47] SeeSotho phonology |
| Swedish | Central Standard[48][49] | se | [s̪eː] | 'see' | Often diphthongized to[eə̯] (hear the word:[s̪eə̯]ⓘ). SeeSwedish phonology |
| Tahitian | vahine | [vahine] | 'woman' | |
| Tamil | செவி/čevi | [ȶ͡ɕeʋi] | 'ear' | SeeTamil phonology |
| Ukrainian | ефі́рнийefirný | [eˈfirnɪj] | 'ethereal' | SeeUkrainian phonology |
| Welsh | chwech | [χweːχ] | 'six' | SeeWelsh phonology |
| Yoruba[50] | [example needed] | | | |
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