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City of Canterbury

Coordinates:51°17′N1°05′E / 51.28°N 1.08°E /51.28; 1.08
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Local government district in Kent, England
For the main settlement within this district, seeCanterbury. For the former local government area in Australia, seeCity of Canterbury (New South Wales).

Place in England
City of Canterbury
Canterbury
Aerial view of Canterbury Cathedral and the surrounding area
Aerial view ofCanterbury Cathedral and the surrounding area
Canterbury shown within Kent
Canterbury shown within Kent
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryEngland
RegionSouth East England
Non-metropolitan countyKent
StatusNon-metropolitan district,Borough,City
Admin HQCanterbury
Incorporated1 April 1974
Government
 • TypeNon-metropolitan district council
 • BodyCanterbury City Council
 • MPsRosie Duffield
Roger Gale
Area
 • Total
119.24 sq mi (308.84 km2)
 • Rank117th(of 296)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total
157,550
 • Rank132nd(of 296)
 • Density1,300/sq mi (510/km2)
Ethnicity(2021)
 • Ethnic groups
List
Religion(2021)
 • Religion
List
Time zoneUTC0 (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (BST)
ONS code29UC (ONS)
E07000106 (GSS)
OS grid referenceTR145575
Map
Click the map for an interactive fullscreen view

Canterbury (/ˈkæntərbəri/),[2][3] also known as theCity of Canterbury, is alocal government district withcity status inKent, England. It is named after its largest settlement,Canterbury, where the council is based. The district also includes the towns ofFordwich,Herne Bay andWhitstable, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Parts of the district lie within the designatedArea of Outstanding Natural Beauty of theKent Downs.

The neighbouring districts (clockwise from east) areThanet,Dover,Folkestone and Hythe,Ashford andSwale, all of which are also in Kent. To the north the district has a coast onto theNorth Sea.

History

[edit]

Canterbury itself was anancient borough, which had held city status fromtime immemorial. The earliest knowncharter was issued byHenry II (reigned 1154–1189). A subsequent charter in 1448 gave the city the right to appoint amayor. Another in 1461 gave the city the right to appoint its ownsheriff, making it acounty corporate, independent from the jurisdiction of theSheriff of Kent.[4] When elected county councils were established in 1889, Canterbury's independence was maintained by making it acounty borough, independent from the newKent County Council.[5] Although administratively independent, Canterbury was still deemed part of Kent for the purposes oflieutenancy.[6]

The modern district was created on 1 April 1974 under theLocal Government Act 1972, covering the area of four former districts, which were all abolished at the same time:[7]

The Bridge-Blean Rural District entirely surrounded the old city; the urban districts occupied the coastal area to the north.[8] The new district was named Canterbury after its largest settlement.[9] The district is anon-metropolitan district, with Kent County Council providing county-level services to the area. The district was awardedborough status from its creation, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor, continuing Canterbury's series of mayors dating back to 1448.[10] Canterbury's city status was extended to cover the whole of the new borough.[11]

In 1988 the position of mayor was given the honorific title oflord mayor.[12] The council continues to appoint a ceremonial sheriff; the sheriff no longer has any judicial functions, but the title is today taken by the deputy chair of the council.[13]

Governance

[edit]
Canterbury City Council
History
Founded1 April 1974
Leadership
Jean Butcher,
Labour
since 17 May 2023[14]
Alan Baldock,
Labour
since 17 May 2023[15]
Peter Davies
Suzi Wakeham
since 1 January 2025[16][17]
Structure
Seats39
Political groups
Administration (27)
 Labour (18)
 Liberal Democrats (9)
Other parties (12)
 Conservative (8)
 Green (4)
Elections
Last election
4 May 2023
Next election
6 May 2027
Meeting place
Guildhall, St Peter's Place, Canterbury, CT1 2DB
Website
www.canterbury.gov.uk

Canterbury City Council providesdistrict-level services.County-level services are provided byKent County Council.[18] The more rural parts of the district are covered bycivil parishes, which form a third tier of local government for their areas.[19]

Political control

[edit]

The council has been underno overall control since April 2023.[20] Following theMay 2023 elections aLabour andLiberal Democrat coalition was formed to run the council, led by Labour councillor Alan Baldock.[21]

Political control of the council since the 1974 reforms has been as follows:[22]

Party in controlYears
Conservative1974–1991
No overall control1991–2005
Conservative2005–2023
No overall control2023–present

Leadership

[edit]

The role oflord mayor in Canterbury is largely ceremonial. Since 2002 the council has formally appointed aleader of the council to provide political leadership; the chair of the policy committee was sometimes called the leader prior to 2002. The leaders since 2002 have been:

CouncillorPartyFromTo
Alex Perkins[23][24]Liberal Democrats8 May 200211 May 2005
Harry Cragg[24][25]Conservative11 May 2005May 2007
John Gilbey[26][27]Conservative16 May 2007May 2015
Simon Cook[28][29]Conservative20 May 2015May 2019
Rob Thomas[30][31]Conservative22 May 2019Sep 2020
Ben Fitter-Harding[32][33]Conservative10 Sep 2020May 2023
Alan Baldock[34]Labour17 May 2023

Compositions

[edit]

Following the2023 election and subsequent by-elections up to March 2025, the composition of the council was:[35][36]

PartyCouncillors
Labour18
Liberal Democrats9
Conservative8
Green4
Total39

The next election is due in 2027.[36]

Elections

[edit]
See also:Canterbury City Council elections

Since the last full review of boundaries in 2015 the council has comprised 39councillors representing 21wards with each ward electing one, two or three councillors. Elections are held every four years.[37]

Premises

[edit]

Council meetings are held atCanterbury Guildhall at the corner of St Peter's Place and St Peter's Street, adjoining theWestgate.[38] The building was formerly the Church of the Holy Cross. It had been commissioned byArchbishopSimon Sudbury and was completed before his death in 1381.[39][40] After the church was declared redundant anddeconsecrated in 1972, it was acquired by the city council and converted for municipal use: it was officially re-opened byPrince Charles as the council's meeting place on 9 November 1978.[41]

The council's main offices are the Council Offices on Military Road, Canterbury, which was built in the 1980s.[42] During 2024 the council plans to vacate Military Road and move its offices to converted parts of theWhitefriars Shopping Centre.[43]

Geography

[edit]

Within the district are the towns ofHerne Bay andWhitstable, which, with the rural parishes and the cathedral city itself, make up the district of the City of Canterbury. There are 27 parishes within the district, as follows:[44]

Swalecliffe is an unparished area within the district.

The district is largely rural, with a coastal strip taken up by the almost unbroken spread of seaside towns and beaches fromSeasalter, west of Whitstable, toHerne Bay. Between them and the city the hills rise into the wooded area of Blean, south of which theGreat Stour flows from its source beyondAshford.

Demography

[edit]
Ethnic Group1991[45]2001[46]2011[47]
Number%Number%Number%
White: Total121,94298.4%130,70096.6%140,62093%
White:British125,28992.6%132,26987.5%
White:Irish1,3381,260
White:Gypsy or Irish Traveller374
White:Other4,0733%6,7174.4%
Asian or Asian British: Total1,0860.9%1,9641.5%5,1353.4%
Asian or Asian British:Indian3496001,448
Asian or Asian British:Pakistani3477306
Asian or Asian British:Bangladeshi110117251
Asian or Asian British:Chinese2796501,436
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian3145201,694
Black or Black British: Total4090.3%6100.5%1,9371.3%
Black or Black British:Caribbean121186437
Black or Black British:African1493841,338
Black or Black British:Other Black13940162
Mixed or British Mixed: Total1,3621%2,5511.7%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean331680
Mixed: White and Black African134305
Mixed: White and Asian494897
Mixed: Other Mixed403669
Other: Total5100.4%6420.5%9020.6%
Other: Arab405
Other: Any other ethnic group5100.4%6420.5%497
Total123,947100%135,278100%151,145100%
Population pyramid of the City of Canterbury in 2020

Twin towns

[edit]

The district participates in theSister Cities programme, with links[48]toBloomington-Normal, Illinois, andVladimir, Russia.

The Three Towns Association was founded in 1985 on the initiative of three local clergymen to promote person-to-person contact between ordinary people in the UK, the U.S. and Russia. The name was subsequently changed to the Three Cities Association. The Association choseVladimir as the twin city in Russia because it is the seat of Christianity in that country as Canterbury is the seat of Christianity in England. Vladimir was already twinned with Bloomington-Normal. Among other activities, the Association arranged home-stay exchanges between the two Simon Langton Schools in Canterbury and School No. 23 in Vladimir, where the teaching was conducted in English.

Several towns and villages within the City of Canterbury have their own twinning arrangements:[48] see the articles onCanterbury,Whitstable andHerne Bay.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abUK Census (2021)."2021 Census Area Profile – Canterbury Local Authority (E07000106)".Nomis.Office for National Statistics. Retrieved5 January 2024.
  2. ^"Local Authority Districts, Counties and Unitary Authorities (April 2021) Map in United Kingdom".Office for National Statistics: Open Geography Portal. Retrieved1 August 2023.
  3. ^"Canterbury". Collins Dictionary. n.d.Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved24 September 2014.
  4. ^Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the Municipal Corporations in England and Wales: Appendix 2. 1835. pp. 685–687. Retrieved13 May 2024.
  5. ^"Local Government Act 1888",legislation.gov.uk,The National Archives, 1888 c. 41, retrieved13 May 2024
  6. ^Lely, John Mounteney (1882).Militia Act. p. 21. Retrieved18 February 2024.
  7. ^"The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972",legislation.gov.uk,The National Archives, SI 1972/2039, retrieved12 May 2024
  8. ^"Kent: Diagram showing administrative boundaries, 1972".National Library of Scotland. Ordnance Survey. Retrieved13 May 2024.
  9. ^"The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Names) Order 1973",legislation.gov.uk,The National Archives, SI 1973/551, retrieved3 March 2023
  10. ^"District Councils and Boroughs".Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 28 March 1974. Retrieved12 May 2024.
  11. ^"No. 46303".The London Gazette. 31 May 1974. p. 6485.
  12. ^"No. 51416".The London Gazette. 20 July 1988. p. 8235.
  13. ^Canterbury City Council Constitution(PDF). Canterbury City Council. 2024. p. 16. Retrieved13 May 2024.
  14. ^"Jean Butcher". Canterbury City Council. Retrieved27 May 2023.
  15. ^"Alan Baldock". Canterbury City Council. Retrieved27 May 2023.
  16. ^"Senior management structure".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  17. ^"Council minutes, 24 October 2024".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  18. ^"Local Government Act 1972",legislation.gov.uk,The National Archives, 1972 c. 70, retrieved31 May 2023
  19. ^"Election Maps". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved25 July 2023.
  20. ^Pallant, James (5 April 2023)."Conservative Party loses majority on Canterbury City Council after councillor defections".Kent Online. Retrieved30 April 2023.
  21. ^Esson, Daniel (18 May 2023)."Labour and Liberal Democrats form coalition on Canterbury City Council".Kent Online. Retrieved25 September 2023.
  22. ^"Compositions Calculator".The Elections Centre. University of Exeter. Retrieved26 November 2024. (Put "Canterbury" in search box to see specific results.)
  23. ^"Council minutes, 8 May 2002".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  24. ^ab"Council minutes, 11 May 2005".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  25. ^Claridge, Alex (17 May 2007)."Council leader ousted days after election win".Kent Online. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  26. ^"Council minutes, 16 May 2007".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  27. ^Warren, Gerry (14 November 2014)."Canterbury City Council leader John Gilbey says he will not be seeking re-election".Kent Online. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  28. ^"Council minutes, 20 May 2015".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  29. ^Castle, Vicky; Ashton, Ben; Rider, Will (3 May 2019)."Kent local elections 2019: The results in full, map, and how many seats the Tories lost".Kent Live. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  30. ^"Council minutes, 22 May 2019".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  31. ^"New Cabinet Member at KCC".Kent County Council. 15 February 2024. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  32. ^"Council minutes, 10 September 2020".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  33. ^Esson, Daniel (5 May 2023)."Kent local elections 2023: Big changes at Canterbury City Council as Tories lose control".Kent Online. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  34. ^"Council minutes, 17 May 2023".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  35. ^"Local elections 2023: live council results for England".The Guardian.
  36. ^ab"Canterbury".Local Councils. Thorncliffe. Retrieved9 March 2025.
  37. ^"The Canterbury (Electoral Changes) Order 2014",legislation.gov.uk,The National Archives, SI 2014/3336, retrieved13 May 2024
  38. ^"Calendar".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved13 May 2024.
  39. ^Bax, Stephen (2000)."Canterbury buildings".Westgate Tower. Archived fromthe original on 12 July 2011. Retrieved28 January 2010.
  40. ^Historic England."Church of the Holy Cross, Canterbury (1241661)".National Heritage List for England. Retrieved8 November 2020.
  41. ^"Remember Prince is Freeman of City".Kentish Gazette. 14 February 2013.
  42. ^"Contact us".Canterbury City Council. Retrieved25 September 2023.
  43. ^Honey, Sam (4 July 2023)."Plans show fresh look at the new Canterbury City Council offices".Kent Live. Retrieved13 May 2024.
  44. ^"Parish Councils". Canterbury City Council. 2008. Archived fromthe original on 15 August 2010. Retrieved5 September 2010.
  45. ^Data is taken from United KingdomCasweb Data services of the United Kingdom1991 Census on Ethnic Data for England, Scotland and WalesArchived 5 April 2022 at theWayback Machine (Table 6)
  46. ^"Office of National Statistics; 2001 Census Key Statistics".webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved7 September 2021.
  47. ^"2011 Census: Ethnic Group, local authorities in England and Wales".webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved15 December 2021.
  48. ^ab"Twinning contacts". Archived fromthe original on 21 July 2012. Retrieved21 July 2012.

External links

[edit]
Towns and villages in theCanterbury district ofKent, England
Unitary authorities
Boroughs or districts
Major settlements
(cities in italics)
Rivers
Topics
Berkshire
Buckinghamshire
East Sussex
Hampshire
Isle of Wight
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Oxfordshire
Surrey
West Sussex
Cities of the United Kingdom and overseas territories
England
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Northern Ireland
British overseas cities
British Overseas Territories
Crown Dependencies

51°17′N1°05′E / 51.28°N 1.08°E /51.28; 1.08

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