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Cisticolidae

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Family of birds

Cisticolidae
Golden-headed cisticola (Cisticola exilis)
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Domain:Eukaryota
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Passeriformes
Superfamily:Sylvioidea
Family:Cisticolidae
Sundevall, 1872
Genera

Many: see text

The familyCisticolidae is a group of about 160warblers, smallpasserinebirds found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They were formerly included within theOld World warbler familySylviidae.

This family probably originated inAfrica, which has the majority of species, but there are representatives of the family across tropicalAsia intoAustralasia, and one species, thezitting cisticola, breeds inEurope.

These are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. They are often difficult to see and many species are similar in appearance, so the song is often the best identification guide. These are insectivorous birds which nest low in vegetation.

Taxonomy

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The family was introduced (as Cisticolinae) by the Swedish zoologistCarl Jakob Sundevall in 1872.[1][2]

Many taxonomists place thered-winged prinia and thered-fronted prinia in the genusPrinia rather than in their ownmonotypic genera.[3][4]Support for their placement inPrinia is provided by amolecular phylogenetic study of the Cisticolidae published in 2013 that found that both species were closely related to theprinias.[5]

The following genus levelcladogram of the Cisticolidae is based on amolecular phylogenetic study by Urban Olsson and collaborators that was published in 2013.[5] The number of species in each genus is taken from the list maintained byFrank Gill,Pamela C. Rasmussen and David Donsker on behalf of theInternational Ornithological Committee (IOC).[6]

Cisticolidae
Neomixinae

Neomixis – jerys (3 species)

Priniinae

Orthotomus – taylorbirds (13 species)

Prinia – prinias (30 species)

Cisticolinae

Cisticola – cisticolas (53 species)

Euryptila – cinnamon-breasted warbler

Scepomycter – Winifred's warbler

Incana – Socotra warbler

Malcorus – rufous-eared warbler

Bathmocercus – rufous warblers (2 species)

Hypergerus – oriole warbler

Eminia – grey-capped warbler

Eremomelinae

Micromacronus – miniature babblers (2 species)

Eremomela – eremolelas (10 species)

Schistolais – prinias (2 species)

Drymocichla – red-winged grey warbler

Phragmacia – Namaqua warbler

Oreophilais – Roberts's warbler

Urolais – green longtail

Artisornis – forest warblers (2 species)

Oreolais – apalises (2 species)

Poliolais – white-tailed warbler

Calamonastes – wren-warblers (4 species)

Camaroptera – camaropteras (5 species)

Spiloptila – cricket warbler

Phyllolais – buff-bellied warbler

Apalis – apalises (25 species)

List of genera

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The family contains 168 species divided into 26 genera:[6] For more detail, seeList of Cisticolidae species.

Rufous-eared warbler,Malcorus pectoralis
  • Micromacronus (2 species)
  • Urolais – monotypic, green longtail (Urolais epichlora)
  • Oreolais, (2 species) – moved here fromApalis[8]
  • Drymocichla – monotypic, red-winged grey warbler (Drymocichla incana)
  • Spiloptila – monotypic, cricket warbler (Spiloptila clamans)
  • Phyllolais – monotypic, buff-bellied warbler (Phyllolais pulchella)
  • Apalis, apalises (26 species)
  • Malcorus – monotypic, rufous-eared warbler (Malcorus pectoralis)
  • Hypergerus – monotypic, oriole warbler (Hypergerus atriceps)
  • Eminia – monotypic, grey-capped warbler (Eminia lepida)
  • Camaroptera (5 species)
  • Calamonastes (4 species)
  • Euryptila – monotypic, cinnamon-breasted warbler (Euryptila subcinnamomea)
  • Bathmocercus, rufous warblers (2 species)
  • Scepomycter – monotypic, Winifred's warbler (Scepomycter winifredae) - sometimes merged intoBathmocercus
  • Orthotomus, tailorbirds (13 species)
  • Artisornis (2 species)
  • Poliolais – monotypic, white-tailed warbler (Poliolais lopezi)
  • Eremomela (10 species)

References

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  1. ^Sundevall, Carl Jakob (1872).Methodi naturalis avium disponendarum tentamen. Försök till fogelklassens naturenliga uppställnung (in Latin and Swedish). Stockholm: Samson & Wallin. p. 6.
  2. ^Bock, Walter J. (1994).History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 152, 261.
  3. ^Ryan, P.; Dean, R. (2017). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.)."Red-winged Prinia (Prinia erythroptera)".Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved27 August 2017.
  4. ^Ryan, P.; Dean, R. (2017). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.)."Red-fronted Prinia (Prinia rufifrons)".Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved27 August 2017.
  5. ^abOlsson, U.; Irestedt, M.; Sangster, G.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Alström, P. (2013). "Systematic revision of the avian family Cisticolidae based on a multi-locus phylogeny of all genera".Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.66 (3).doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.004.
  6. ^abGill, Frank; Donsker, David;Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (December 2023)."Grassbirds, Donacobius, tetrakas, cisticolas, allies".IOC World Bird List Version 14.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved29 June 2024.
  7. ^Nguembock, B.; Fjeldså, J.; Tillier, A.; Pasquet, E. (2007). "A phylogeny for the Cisticolidae (Aves: Passeriformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data, and a re-interpretation of an [sic] unique nest-building specialization".Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.42 (1):272–286.doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.008.PMID 16949311.
  8. ^Nguembock, B.; Fjeldså, J.; Couloux, A.; Cruaud, C.; Pasquet, E. (2008). "Polyphyly of the genusApalis and a new generic name for the speciespulchra andruwenzorii".Ibis.150 (4):756–765.doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00852.x.

Further reading

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  • Alström, P.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Olsson, U.; Sundberg, P. (2006). "Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea".Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.38:381–397.doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.015.PMID 16054402.
  • Cibois, A., Slikas, B., Schulenberg, T. S., & Pasquet, E. (2001). An endemic radiation of Malagasy songbirds is revealed bymitochondrial DNA sequence data.Evolution 55 (6): 1198–1206.DOI:10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[1198:AEROMS]2.0.CO;2PDF
  • Ryan, Peter (2006). Family Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and allies). Pp. 378–492 in del Hoyo J., Elliott A. & Christie D.A. (2006)Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 11. Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers Lynx Edicions, BarcelonaISBN 978-84-96553-06-4
  • Urban, E.K.; Fry, C.H. & Keith, S. (1997)The Birds of Africa, vol. 5. Academic Press, London.ISBN 0-12-137305-3

External links

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Cisticolidae
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