| Cichorium | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Wild endive (Cichorium pumilum) | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Cichorioideae |
| Tribe: | Cichorieae |
| Subtribe: | Cichoriinae |
| Genus: | Cichorium L. |
| Type species | |
| Cichorium intybus[1][2] | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
| |
Cichorium is agenus of plants in the tribeCichorieae within the familyAsteraceae.[4][2] The genus includes two cultivated species commonly known as chicory or endive, plus several wild species.[5]
Commonchicory (Cichorium intybus) is a bushyperennialherb with blue or lavender (or, rarely, white or pink)flowers. It grows as a wild plant on roadsides in its native Europe, and in North America, where it has become naturalized. It is grown for its leaves, when it is known as leaf chicory, endive,radicchio,Belgian endive, French endive, or witloof. Other varieties are grown for their roots, which are used as acoffee substitute, similar todandelion coffee.
Trueendive (Cichorium endivia) is a species grown and used as asaladgreen. It has a slightly bitter taste.Curly endive and the broad-leafed escarole are true endives.
Cichorium is used as a food plant by thelarvae of someLepidoptera species includingsetaceous Hebrew character,turnip moth, and thegrass mothDiasemia reticularis.
Formerly included[6] are several species[which?] now considered better suited to other genera:Aposeris,Arnoseris,Geigeria,Rhagadiolus andTolpis.
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