| Church of St. Achillius | |
|---|---|
| Црква Светог Ахилија | |
 Church of St. Achillius | |
  Church of St. Achillius Shown within Serbia | |
| 43°45′13″N20°05′47″E / 43.753725°N 20.096284°E /43.753725; 20.096284 | |
| Location | Arilje |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Denomination | Serbian Orthodox Church |
| History | |
| Status | Church |
| Founded | 1296 (1296) |
| Founder | Serbian KingStefan Dragutin |
| Dedication | Saint Achillius of Larissa |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Active |
| Heritage designation | Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance |
| Designated | 1979 |
| Style | Raška style |
| Specifications | |
| Number of domes | 1 |
| Materials | Stone |
TheChurch of St. Achillius (Serbian:Црква Cветог Ахилија,romanized: Crkva Svetog Ahilija) or theArilje Monastery (Serbian:Mанастир Aриље,romanized: Manastir Arilje) is aSerbian Orthodox church inArilje, westernSerbia. It is dedicated toSaint Achillius of Larissa, a fighter againstArianism and participant of theFirst Council of Nicaea in 325. The church was built in 1296 by Serbian KingStefan Dragutin of theNemanjić dynasty and is located in the center of town, on the elevated plateau above the large river valley and the riverMoravica andBig Rzav, and represents the most dominant object in the Arilje region.
The church was built in 1296 by KingStefan Dragutin of theNemanjić dynasty, on the location of an earlier monastery built in 1219. The earlier monastery was the seat of the Bishop of Moravica, one of twelve eparchies established byArchbishop Sava in 1219.
It is dedicated toSaint Achillius fromLarissa (Greece), a fighter againstArianism and participant of theFirst Council of Nicaea in 325. God made him celebrate victory overArianism, making a miracle to Achillius confession of the truth water runs from stone.[clarification needed][1]
According to its architectural properties, it belongs to theRaška architectural style, which marked the 13th century, coherent joint processingRomanesque exterior andByzantine spatial concept. Imaging facade in the style of Byzantine cells unity, construction techniques alternating rows of stone and brick, the wall is finished the Romanesque Saint Achillius Church inArilje make unique civil engineering in the 13th century of the total area of Byzantine world.[clarification needed]
What distinguishes the church from other Nemanjić endowments built in this era is in addition to his height and lack of a specific aspect of thebelfry tower of the outer narthex, which is characteristic of all bishop offices, entrance on the south side instead of the usual western. Unlike other Nemanjić churches built in the 12th and 13th century, which were not cathedral temples dedicated to many believers, the church in Arilje had that purpose, and it was built on the hill from which it was visible from afar. At the time ofEmperor Dušan, theEparchy of Moravica was elevated to the rank ofMetropolitanate, after the proclamation of the Serbian Patriarchate on Easter 1346. Metropolis in Arilje monastery brotherhood and shared the fate of his people and country in a terrible rush of the Turks led byMehmed II the Conqueror ofConstantinople. They had to go nearly two centuries to the end of the forties 17th century revived again in the metropolitanateMoravica. Arilje bells will ring no sooner than in 1833. But this time not from the metropolitanate, but the parish church.
The Church of St. Achillius was declaredMonument of Culture of Exceptional Importance in 1979, and it is protected byRepublic of Serbia.[2]
In addition to architectural value and historic significance, the church stands out as a gallery of preciousfrescoes. The most interesting part of the fresco-assembly make portraits of rulers from theNemanjić, their relatives and all the archbishops of the founding of the independent Serbian church. Most attractive portraits in the southern part of the inner narthex, standing figure of King Dragutin patrons with the model of the church in the hands of the fresco above the tomb of Dragutin's younger son Urošić, who died young as a monk. As an unambiguous document, the kings of donor activities and illustration of mutual respect (at the time of painting the church brothers lived in harmony), one of the most beautiful idealized portrait is a portrait of royal brothersMilutin andDragutinNemanjić accompanied by Dragutin's wife,Arpad Princess of HungaryKatalin.
For the first time in the history of Serbian fresco-paintings appears a new iconographic solution. Until then, it was common for the donor or the Virgin performances brought patron saint protector of Christ on the throne, bowed his head with the model of the temple in his hands. Fresco of St. Archangel Gabriel, called The Blue Angel, St. noble character in brilliant, simple Tunica, the incarnation of the Lord of Trustees fanciful ideas of beauty and magnificence of nobility. Certainly set a figure of Archangel, clearly marked characters with strong muscles and a rich gown of warriors, is very artistic value. This fresco is classified in the narrowest circle of masterpieces of Serbian paintings. Historical importance have portraits of Dragutin's sons -Vladislav and Urošić and present members of the Serbian church andNemanjić vines and moravičkih portraits of bishops and metropolitan's, are one of the most important group of wall paintings through which recognize the interesting characters of the Serbian past. Authors of Arilje frescoes are not known by name, but we know that they originated fromThessaloniki. The stylistic and iconographic terms of the paintings is a work that announces a milestone in the development of Serbian mural painting.
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