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Chu Anping (simplified Chinese:储安平;traditional Chinese:儲安平;pinyin:Chǔ Ānpíng;Wade–Giles:Ch'u Anp'ing; 1909–1966?) was a Chinese scholar, liberaljournalist and editor ofGuancha (观察;Guānchá; 'The Observer') in the Civil War era of the late 1940s. He is widely considered to be one of the most famousliberals in China. He was Editor of the China Democratic League newspaper "for intellectuals", theGuangming Daily, in the PRC era. Following publication of his article entitled "The Party Dominates the World", he was attacked byMao Zedong in theHundred Flowers Campaign of 1957 and purged during theAnti-Rightist Movement. He disappeared in 1966. He was father toChu Wanghua (储望华), a contemporary Chinese composer based in Australia, and grandfather toMark Chu, a multidisciplinary artist.
1932 graduated from the English department, Kwang Hua University, Shanghai.
1933 appointed editor ofCentral Daily (Nanjing) supplement.
1936 travelled to England to collect political texts, studying at theUniversity of Edinburgh.
September 1, 1946 organizedObserver semi-monthly publication, let the organization head and chief editor. On December 25, 1948 is sealed up by Kuomintang.
1954 was appointed September Third Society members of the Central Committee concurrently propaganda department vice-minister, and no matter what National People's Congress represented.
April 1, 1957 Chu was appointedGuangming Daily editor-in-chief.
On June 1, 1957, at the symposium convened by the Department for United Front Work of the CCP Central Committee, Chu made a speech entitled "Comment made to Chairman Mao And Premier Zhou," which stated thatMao Zedong had seen the "world [as the] party's". Both the government and the people felt the tremendous reverberations.People's Daily andGuangming Daily both published the full text the next day with banner headlines and in a prominent position.[1][2][3]
In January 1958, in theAnti-Rightist Movement Chu was labelled an "anti-party anti-people anti-socialism bourgeois rightist".
In 1966 at the start of theCultural Revolution, Chu was persecuted and forced to attend severalstruggle sessions in August, then attempted suicide but survived. He was then detailed for several days but soon released and ordered to return home. He soon went missing in September 1966. His whereabouts were unknown and it was believed that he either went into hiding, was either beaten to death by Red Guards, or killed himself. There are several specific theories about his ultimate whereabouts.
Living in seclusion: A reader of Xie Tong, a professor of Chinese atXiamen University, wrote to him that when he was young he met an old man in Tangshan,Nanjing. They spoke of famous people fromYixing, but when Chu was mentioned, the man's demeanor suddenly changed and became strange, thus leading possibility to the theory that Chu was living in seclusion inJiangsu.[4]
Emigration:Zhang Yihe mentioned that whenWu Zuguang traveled outside of China in the 1980s, an elderly writer told him that he met a man whose appearance highly resembled Chu inNew York. He called the man by Chu's name and the man became frightened and ran away.
Suicide: Zhang Yihe also mentioned that before disappearing, Chu Anping left a note for a friend, Li Rucang, saying "Brother Rucang, I am leaving. Chu" Li Rucang's home inShichahai was only two kilometers from Chu's home, and Chu liked the scenery of Shichahai and was a frequent guest in Li Rucang's home. It is possible that he became suicidal after his detention and chose Shichahai for his location of death.
Beaten to death: A neighbor said that he heard Chu being beaten and blood splattered across the house after it was visited by red guards. It is possible that he was killed and his body was taken secretly for cremation.[5][6]
In 2015, a funeral was finally held for Chu in his home county, Yixing. Photographs and a book were placed in an urn and buried in a symbolic grave by his three sons. State-run media said it was not a moment to re-evaluate the past, and his sonChu Wanghua said "Today is not a sad day. Today is a day of commemoration and remembrance."[2]
Young-Tsu Wong, "The Fate of Liberalism in Revolutionary China: Chu Anping and His Circle, 1946–1950,"Modern China, Vol. 19, No. 4 (Oct., 1993), pp. 457–490.
