Christian Schwarz-Schilling | |
|---|---|
 Schwarz-Schilling in 1993 | |
| High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| In office 1 February 2006 – 30 June 2007 | |
| Preceded by | Paddy Ashdown |
| Succeeded by | Miroslav Lajčák |
| Federal Minister of Post and Telecommunications | |
| In office 4 October 1982 – 17 December 1992 | |
| Chancellor | Helmut Kohl |
| Preceded by | Hans Matthöfer |
| Succeeded by | Wolfgang Bötsch |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Christian Schwarz-Schilling (1930-11-19)19 November 1930 (age 95) |
| Nationality | German |
| Political party | Christian Democratic Union |
| Spouse | Marie-Luise Jonen |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich |
| Occupation |
|
Christian Schwarz-Schilling (born 19 November 1930) is an Austrian-born German politician, entrepreneur, philanthropist and media and telecommunications innovator who served asHigh Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2006 to 2007.
In 1950, Schwarz-Schilling got hisAbitur at the Ernst-Moritz-ArndtGymnasium inBerlin. He continued to studyHistory andEast Asian Languages and Culture at theLudwig Maximilian University inMunich. In 1956 he was granted aPh.D. for his thesis on Chinese History, "Der Friede von Shan-Yüan 1005 n. Chr. und seine Auswirkungen auf die Beziehungen zwischen dem Chinesischen Reich und dem Liao-Reich der Kitan" (The Peace of Shan Yuan 1005 AD, and its Effects on the Relations between the Chinese Empire and the Liao-Empire of Kitan).
In 1957, he became manager of the battery manufacturer Accumulatorenfabrik Sonnenschein inBüdingen inHesse, which he remained until 1982. 1993-2002 he was CEO of Dr. Schwarz-Schilling & Partner GmbH, his own telecommunications consultancy in Büdingen.
In 1971, he became a member of the Television Council of theZDF, one of Germany's two public service TV stations, which he left in 1982. Between 1975 and 1983 he was chairman of the coordination council for Media Politics of theCDU/CSU.
During this period he began to form an interest in regional politics, joining theChristian Democratic Union in 1960. In 1964, he joined the regional board of the CDU in Hesse. In 1966, Schwarz-Schilling was elected into the regional parliament of Hesse and in 1967 he became the general secretary of the CDU in Hesse. Since 1971, Schwarz-Schilling became involved in national politics, becoming member of several councils. In 1976 Schwarz-Schilling was elected into theBundestag and remained a member until 2002. During this time he served as thevice-chairman of the Small Business Union of theCDU/CSU between 1977 and 1997. In 1979, he became president of the Executive Bureau of the European Small Business Union, which he left in 1982. Between 1981 and 1982, he waschairperson of the Research Committee on New Information and Communication Technology of the Bundestag furthering innovative communications technology.
In 1982, he was appointedFederal Minister of Post and Telecommunications, in thefirst Kohl cabinet.[1] He retained his post for the next three cabinets. Schwarz-Schilling was never part of Kohl's inner circle and is, by some, regarded as an unremarkable minister. Others see him as a cabinet minister who pursued a long-term strategy of modernisation and actually got things done. During his tenure,cable televisionwas introduced in Germany and commercial television was allowed to broadcast.Deutsche Post was privatised, including its Telecom business. Schwarz-Schilling also introduced GSM nationwide. He was instrumental in pushing the GSM-project of France, Germany and Italy forward both technically and politically. He was responsible for letting the UK become part of it.[2] This culminated in the Bonn declaration of 1987.[3] By the time he left office, Germany had one of the most modern communications infrastructures in the world.
In 1992, Schwarz-Schilling resigned his post in anger at Germany's inaction over atrocities in the thenYugoslavia — rebuffing Chancellor Kohl's protestations that Germany's post-war constitution barred it from stepping in. He told the Chancellor he was "ashamed" to belong to such a government, saying he had entered politics in the first place to ensure that atrocities like those perpetrated by theNazis "never happen again." TheMunich dailySueddeutsche Zeitung later commented that "most notable act in office was leaving it".[4]
As Yugoslavia lurched into chaos, Schwarz-Schilling began to try to mediate between the factions — a role later formalised in theWashington agreement of 1994, and which he held until 2004.
In 1995, he became chairperson of the sub-committee on Human Rights and Humanitarian Aid. In 1998 the sub-committee became a full committee and Schwarz-Schilling became its vice-chairperson, serving until 2002.
To speed up the cable project, Schwarz-Schilling decided to involve private companies in the cable laying. Sonnenschein KG also involved Schwarz-Schilling's wife's company in the "Projektgesellschaft für Kabel-Kommunikation mbH", where Schwarz-Schilling himself had been managing director for many years. Schwarz-Schilling sold his shares in Sonnenschein KG to the Nixdorf Group only a few hours before his appointment as Post Minister. His decision to use copper led to incredulity both at home and abroad, as it was already foreseen in the early 1980s that fiber-optic cables were the "technology of the future."[5]
During his tenure, Schwarz-Schilling was known as "Kohl's most affair rich minister". The trigger for these affairs were usually the complications of his wife's family business in Schwarz-Schilling's political decisions.[6][7]
Among the employees of the Deutsche Bundespost Schwarz-Schilling was anything but popular, as he was the last Post Minister before privatization. So there was a joke among the staff: "What does Schwarz-Schilling do when he comes to the office in the morning? He does the post."
.jpg)
On 14 December 2005, Schwarz-Schilling was confirmed to replaceLord Ashdown both as theHigh Representative (OHR) — a post created by the 1995Dayton Agreement — and as theEU's special representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 1 February 2006, he was appointed as such.[8][4] He has cast his role as that of "advisor" to the country who wants to "listen to the people"[9] — in contrast to his predecessor Ashdown, who attracted criticism particularly fromBosnian Serbs for relying too heavily on his Bonn-powers to force through legislation and sack elected officials.
Under Schwarz-Schilling, the OHR seemed to soften its invasiveness, thanks to pressures from theCouncil of Europe and a growing EU involvement. The number of OHR legislative initiatives and of dismissed officials lowered. The EU decision to shut down the OHR by June 2007 unexpectedly arose disappointment and concern in the Bosnian population, NGOs, and politicians.[10] During his time in office, nationwide research by Oxford Research International, which Schwarz-Schilling oversaw, showed that the silent majority of Bosnia and Herzegovina was significantly more tolerant and forward-looking than the politicians who represented them. It also showed that several policies implemented by national politicians and the international community were out of step with what the population wanted.[11]
Schwarz-Schilling was unpopular in the OHR in part due to his penchant for dozing off during meetings (leading to a nickname "Schwartz-Schlaffing" in German and "Kamin Spavac" in local language) and his efforts to link German business interests to various projects in Bosnia and Herzegovina, including facilitating access by his own telecommunications consulting company to the Bosnian Serb entity. The German government did not support an extension of his initial one year term in January 2007, making him the shortest tenured High Representative.
Slovak diplomatMiroslav Lajčák replaced Christian Schwarz-Schilling - who was originally intended to be the last holder of the post - on 30 June 2007.[12]Lajčák retook a more intrusive approach in the work of the OHR, making it seem that apparently decreased intrusiveness was mostly due to the "weak personality" of Schwarz-Schilling.[10] However, Schwarz-Schilling remains popular with the Bosnian population.
{{cite web}}:Missing or empty|title= (help)
| Diplomatic posts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina 2006–2007 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Artists | |
| People | |
| Other | |
