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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Chlorine monofluoride | |
| Other names Chlorine fluoride | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.300 |
| UNII | |
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| Properties | |
| ClF | |
| Molar mass | 54.45 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless gas (slightly yellow when liquid) |
| Density | 1.62 g/mL (liquid, −100 °C) |
| Melting point | −155.6 °C (−248.1 °F; 117.5 K) |
| Boiling point | −100.1 °C (−148.2 °F; 173.1 K) |
| reacts violently | |
| Structure | |
| 0.881D (2.94 × 10−30C m) | |
| Thermochemistry | |
| 33.01 J/(mol·K) | |
Std molar entropy(S⦵298) | 217.91 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy of formation(ΔfH⦵298) | −56.5 kJ/mol |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Chlorine monofluoride is avolatileinterhalogen compound with thechemical formulaClF. It is a colourless gas at room temperature and is stable even at high temperatures. When cooled to −100 °C, ClF condenses as a pale yellow liquid. Many of its properties are intermediate between its parenthalogens,Cl2 andF2.[1]
The molecular structure in the gas phase was determined by microwave spectroscopy; the bond length isre = 1.628341(4) Å.[2]
The bond length in the crystalline ClF is 1.628(1) Å; the lengthening relative to the free molecule is due to an interaction of the type F-Br···ClMe with a distance of 2.640(1) Å. In its molecular packing it shows very short intermolecular Cl···Cl contacts of 3.070(1) Å between neighboring molecules.[3]
Chlorine monofluoride is a versatilefluorinating agent, converting metals and non-metals to their fluorides and releasingCl2 in the process. For example, it convertstungsten totungsten hexafluoride andselenium toselenium tetrafluoride:
FCl can also chlorofluorinate compounds, either by addition across amultiple bond or viaoxidation. For example, it adds fluorine and chlorine to the carbon ofcarbon monoxide, yielding carbonyl chloride fluoride COClF, an intermediate betweenphosgene andcarbonyl fluoride.
Chlorine monofluoride is extremely reactive. It instantly destroysglass and ignites organic material on contact, reacts violently with water, is highly corrosive to mucous membranes and the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and may cause permanent blindness.[4]
