 Structural formula of α-chloralose | |
 Ball-and-stick model of α-chloralose | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name 1,2-O-[(1R)-2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl]-α-D-glucofuranose | |
| Systematic IUPAC name (1R)-1-[(2R,3aR,4S,5R,6aR)-2-(Trichloromethyl)-tetrahydro-2H-furo[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl]ethane-1,2-diol | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| 85418 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.036.363 |
| EC Number |
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| KEGG |
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| MeSH | Chloralose |
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| |
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| Properties | |
| C8H11Cl3O6 | |
| Molar mass | 309.52 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | 176 to 182 °C (349 to 360 °F; 449 to 455 K) |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Harmful if swallowed Harmful if inhaled |
| GHS labelling: | |
   | |
| Danger | |
| H301,H332,H336,H410 | |
| P261,P264,P270,P271,P273,P301+P310,P304+P312,P304+P340,P312,P321,P330,P391,P403+P233,P405,P501 | |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds | Chloral hydrate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Chloralose (also known as α-chloralose) is anavicide, and arodenticide used to kill mice in temperatures below 15 °C. It is also widely used inneuroscience and veterinary medicine as ananesthetic andsedative.[1] Either alone or in combination, such as withurethane, it is used for long-lasting, but light anesthesia.[2] It has been used with oral administration to sedate wild Canada geese for translocation in Nevada.[3]
Chemically, it is achlorinatedacetal derivative ofglucose.
Chloralose exertsbarbiturate-like actions onsynaptic transmission in the brain, including potent effects at inhibitoryγ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAAR).[4][5] A structural isomer of chloralose, β-chloralose (also called parachloralose in older literature), is inactive as a GABAAR modulator and also as a general anesthetic.[6]
Chloralose is often abused for its avicide properties. In theUnited Kingdom, protected birds of prey have been killed using the chemical.Legal use for bird control also often causes raptor mortalities from secondary poisoning, as well as primary poisoning of non-target species from eating bait, for example,kererū pigeon in New Zealand.[7]
