Chittoor district | |
|---|---|
_8.jpg) Galigopuram ofVinayaka Temple, Kanipakam | |
 Interactive map of Chittoor district | |
| Coordinates:13°12′58″N79°05′49″E / 13.216°N 79.097°E /13.216; 79.097 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Andhra Pradesh |
| Region | Rayalaseema |
| Formed | 1 April 1911 |
| Reorganized | 4 April 2022 |
| Headquarters | Chittoor |
| Largest City | Chittoor |
| Government | |
| • District collector | Sumith kumar, IAS |
| • SP | Tushar Dudi, IPS |
| • Lok Sabha | Lok Sabha List |
| • Assembly | |
| Area | |
• Total | 6,855 km2 (2,647 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 1,872,951 |
| • Sex ratio | 985 (females per 1,000 males) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu |
| • Regional | |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Postal Index Number | 517xxx |
| Area codes | +91–8572 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-AP |
| Vehicle registration | AP-03 (former)AP–39 (from 30 January 2019)[5] |
| GDP(2022-23) | ₹40,409 crore (US$4.8 billion)[6] |
| Per capita income(2022–23) | ₹183,089 (US$2,200)[7] |
| Website | chittoor |
Chittoor district (pronunciationⓘ) is one of the eight districts in theRayalaseema region of theIndian state ofAndhra Pradesh. It had a population of 18,72,951 at the2011 census of India.[8] It is a major market centre formangoes,grains,sugarcane, andpeanuts. The district headquarters is atChittoor City. The major cities/towns in the district are Chittoor, Punganur, Nagari, Palamaner, and Kuppam.
The district derived its name from its headquartersChittoor.[9]
The modern Chittoor district was formerlyNorth Arcot District, which was established by the British in the 19th century. It hadChittoor as its headquarters. Chittoor district was constituted on 1 April 1911 with the taluks of Chittoor, Palamaner, and Chandragiri from Old North Arcot district of Tamilnadu, Madanapalle and Voyalpadu Taluks of Kadapa district and Ex-Zamindari areas of Pileru,Punganur, Srikalahasthi, Puttur and Old Karvetinagar estate.
After the Indian independence in 1947, Chittoor region became a part of the erstwhileMadras state. As a result of Pataskar Award consequent on the re-organisation of the state on a linguistic basis on 1 April 1960, a major portion ofTiruthani taluk was transferred toChengalpattu district of Tamilnadu in exchange for one taluk known asSathyavedu comprising 186 villages from Tamilnadu. Also from the same date, 220 villages from Palamaner Taluk and three villages from Krishnagiri Taluk of Salem District of Tamilnadu were transferred to formKuppam Sub-Taluk and 145 villages from Chittoor Taluk were transferred to form Bangarupalem Sub-Taluk. Subsequently, Kuppam and Bangarupalem were made full-fledged taluks. The district was organised into 66 revenue mandals in 1985.[10][11] Again the District Re-organised with 31 Mandals and 4 Revenue Divisions on 4 April 2022.
Annamayya district andTirupati district were formed from parts of the erstwhile Chittoor district and others.[12] This has resulted in the district becoming primarily rural and losing central educational institutes and health infrastructure.[13]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 1,118,706 | — |
| 1911 | 1,171,614 | +0.46% |
| 1921 | 1,203,748 | +0.27% |
| 1931 | 1,324,770 | +0.96% |
| 1941 | 1,490,095 | +1.18% |
| 1951 | 1,657,560 | +1.07% |
| 1961 | 1,905,344 | +1.40% |
| 1971 | 2,267,413 | +1.75% |
| 1981 | 2,737,316 | +1.90% |
| 1991 | 3,261,118 | +1.77% |
| 2001 | 3,745,875 | +1.40% |
| 2011 | 4,174,064 | +1.09% |
| source:[14] | ||
According to the2011 census, Chittoor district prior to restructuring in 2022 had apopulation of 4,174,064.[15][16][17] This gives it a ranking of 47th in India (out of a total of640) and 6th in its state.[15] The district has a population density of 275 inhabitants per square kilometre (710/sq mi).[15] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 11.33%.[15] Chittoor has asex ratio of 1002females for every 1000 males, and aliteracy rate of 72.36%.[15]
The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the undivided district for FY 2013-14 is₹34,742 crore (US$4.1 billion) and it contributes 6.6% to theGross State Domestic Product (GSDP). For the FY 2013–14, theper capita income at current prices was₹64,671 (US$760). Theprimary,secondary andtertiary sectors of the district contribute₹8,226 crore (US$970 million), and₹18,849 crore (US$2.2 billion) respectively.[18] The major products contributing to theGVA of the district from agriculture and allied services are,sugarcane,groundnut,tomato,mango,milk,meat andfisheries. TheGVA to the industrial and service sector is contributed fromconstruction,electricity,manufacturing,education and ownership of dwellings.[18]
The important rivers in the district before restructuring were Ponnai and Swarnamukhi, which originate in theEastern Ghats. Other rivers include Araniyar, Bahuda, Beema,Cheyyeru, Kalangi, Kalyani, Koundinya, Kusasthali, Neeva, Papaghni, Pileru, Pincha, and Pedderu. None of the rivers are perennial.
The temperature in the western parts of the undivided district likePileru,Punganur,Madanapalle,Horsley Hills are relatively lower than the eastern parts of the Chittoor District. This is because of the higher altitude of the western parts compared to the eastern parts. The summer temperature touches 44 °C in the eastern parts whereas in the western parts, it ranges around 36 ° to 38 °C. Similarly, the winter temperatures of the western parts are relatively low ranging from 12 °C to 14 °C, and in eastern parts it is 16 °C to 18 °C. Most of the district has aTropical wet and dry climate, with some north-western parts havingHot semi-arid climate.[19]
Undivided Chittoor district receives an annual rainfall of 918.1 mm. The South WestMonsoon and North East Monsoon are the major sources of rainfall for the district. On average the district receives 438.0 mm of rainfall through the South West Monsoon (From June to September) and 396.0 mm from North East Monsoon (From October to December). The rainfall received by the district in the years 2002 and 2003 were 984.2 mm and 934 mm respectively.[20]
Chittoor is a part ofRayalaseema region ofAndhra Pradesh.[21] The district occupies an area of 6,855 square kilometres (2,647 sq mi).[22][23] This district is also underTondai Nadu Region. The district is bounded byAnnamayya district to the North,Krishnagiri District,Tirupattur District,Vellore District andTiruvallur District ofTamil Nadu state to the South,Tirupati district to the East & North,Kolar District ofKarnataka state to the West.
The district is located between the northern latitudes of 12°-44’-42″ and 13°-39’-21″ and between the eastern longitudes 78°-2’-2″ and 79°-41’-52″. Chittoor, the district headquarters is 150 km from Chennai, 165 km from Bangalore.[24]
Chitoor has been ranked 21st best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3 population under 3 lakhs cities) in India.[25]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 90.13% | |||
| Islam | 9.02% | |||
| Christianity | 0.50% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.35% | |||
| Distribution of religions | ||||
After reorganisation, the district had a population of 18,72,951, of which 368,644 (19.68%) lived in urban areas. Chittoor district has a sex ratio of 993 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 3,94,327 (21.05%) and 51,574 (2.75%) of the population respectively.[15]: 82–87
Based on the 2011 census, 73.23% of the population spokeTelugu, 16.75%Tamil and 8.72%Urdu as their first language.[4] Telugu is the primary official language of the district along with English. Tamil is widely spoken in the border areas, especially in Kuppam.[27]
The district is divided into four revenue divisions:Chittoor,Kuppam, Nagari and Palamaner, which are further subdivided into a total of 28mandals, each headed by a sub-collector.[28][29]
The list of 28 mandals in Chittoor district, is given below.[30]
Chittoor is aMunicipal Corporation, while Kuppam, Palamaner and Nagari aremunicipalities.[2]: 19, 21, 58
| Ciy/Town | Civil status | Revenue Division | Population (2011)[2]: 19, 21, 58 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chittoor | Municipal Corporation | Chittoor | 175,647 |
| Nagari | Municipality Grade 3 | Nagari | 62,253 |
| Palamaner | Municipality Grade 3 | Palamaner | 54,035 |
| Kuppam | Municipality Grade 3 | Kuppam | 39,000 |
There are two parliamentary and seven assembly constituencies located in this district. The parliamentary constituencies areChittoor (Lok Sabha constituency) andRajampet Lok Sabha constituency(partial). The assembly constituencies are given below.[33]
| Constituency number | Assembly constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) | Parliamentary constituency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 165 | Punganur (partial) | None | Rajampet |
| 170 | Nagari | None | Chittoor |
| 171 | Gangadhara Nellore | SC | |
| 172 | Chittoor | None | |
| 173 | Puthalapattu | SC | |
| 174 | Palamaner | None | |
| 175 | Kuppam | None |
Agriculture and horticulture are the mainstays of the district's economy.
NH 69 andNH 40 pass through the district.[34] Six lane expressway connecting Tirupati and Bangalore via Chittoor is operational.[35]NH 42, a two lane Highway from Anantapur-Kuppam-Krishnagiri passes through the District.
Chittoor District has two major railway stations.
Nearest airports
Tirupati Airport at a distance of 86Km from Chittoor
Kuppam Airport at a distance of 120Km from Chittoor
Dravidian University is the only university in the district after the reorganisation.[13]
.JPG)
V. Nagayya, also known as Chittoor Nagayya, was brought up in Kuppam. He was a pioneering Indian actor, singer, music composer, and director in the Telugu and Tamil film industry.
Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy was born in Kattamanchi, a suburb of Chittoor. He was an educationist, economist, poet and literary critic.
Prathap Chandra Reddy, born in Aragonda, is a cardiologist who founded the first corporate chain of hospitals in India, theApollo Hospitals.
Lebanon 4,143,101 July 2011 est.
Kentucky 4,339,367
Nordaustlandet 14,467
Places adjacent to Chittoor district | |
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