| Chittagonian | |
|---|---|
| Chittagonian Bengali | |
| চাটগাঁইয়া[1] চিটাইঙ্গা[2] | |
 | |
| Pronunciation | [saŋʈgaiyaŋ] [siʈaiŋga] |
| Native to | Bangladesh |
| Region | Chittagong region |
| Ethnicity | Chittagonian,Bengali[3][4] |
Native speakers | 13 million (2006)[5] to 16 million (2007)[6] |
Indo-European
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ctg |
ctg | |
| Glottolog | chit1275 |
| Linguasphere | 73-DEE-aa |
 Chittagonian speaking area in South Asia | |
| This article containsIPA phonetic symbols. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofUnicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. | |
Chittagonian (চাটগাঁইয়াsaṭgãia orচিটাইঙ্গাsiṭaiṅga)[1][2] orChittagonian Bengali[8][9] is anIndo-Aryan language spoken in parts of theGreater Chittagong inBangladesh.[5] Chittagonian is not inherently intelligible to other varieties of Bengali, although it is considered by some as anonstandardBengali dialect.[5] Chittagonian is also considered to be a separate language by some linguists.[10] While Chittagonian is linguistically distinct, its speakers identify withBengali culture and theStandard Bengali language.[3] It is broadly mutually intelligible with theRohingya language and with a lesser extent toNoakhali. It is estimated (2006) that Chittagonian has 13 million speakers, principally in Bangladesh.[5]
Chittagonian is a member of theBengali-Assamese sub-branch of theEastern group ofIndo-Aryan languages, a branch of the wider Indo-European language family. It is derived through an EasternMiddle Indo-Aryan fromOld Indo-Aryan, and ultimately fromProto-Indo-European.[5]Grierson (1903) grouped the dialects of Chittagong underSoutheastern Bengali, alongside the dialects ofNoakhali andAkyab.Chatterji (1926) places Chittagonian in the easternVangiya group ofMagadhi Prakrit and notes that all Bengali dialects were independent of each other and did not emanate from the literary Bengali called "sadhu bhasha".[11] Among the different dialect groups of these eastern dialects, Chittagonian has phonetic and morphological properties that are not present in standard Bengali and other western dialects of Bengali.[12]
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | k | |
| voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f~ɸ | s | ʃ | x | |
| voiced | z | ɣ | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Trill/Tap | ɾ~r | |||||
| Approximant | lateral | l | ||||
| central | (w) | j | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| High-mid | e | o | |
| Low-mid | (ɛ) | ɔ | |
| Low | æ | a |
TheBengali script (Bangla Lipi) andLatin script are used to write this language.
Gboard forAndroid has added a Chittagongian Keyboard.[16]
The following text is Article 1 of theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights, written in Chittagonian:[17]
বিয়াক মানুশ ইজ্জত এদ্দে অ়কর ই়শাবে আজাদ আর উ়য়াইন্না অ়ইয়েরে ফ়য়দা অ়য়। ই়তারাত্তু আহল এদ্দে বিবেক আছে ; এতল্লায় এজ্জন আরেজ্জনর উ়য়ারে ভাইয়ুর নান বেভার গরন দরহার।
Biyak manuś ijjôt edde ókôr íśabe ajad ar úyainnaa óiyere fôyda óy. Ítarattu ahôl edde bibek ase; etôllay ejjôn arejjônôr úyare bhaiyur nan bebhar gôrôn dôrhar.
bˈɪjak mˈanəs ˈe͡ɪd͡ʒɒt ˈɛd ˈɒkə ˈɪse͡ɪb ˈad͡ʒad ˈɑː ˈa͡ɪe͡ɪnˌɑː ˈɔ͡ɪjə fˈɔ͡ɪdə ˈɔ͡ɪ. ˈɪtɐɹˌatuː ˈahɒl ˈɛd bˈa͡ɪbək ˈas; ˈɛtə͡ʊlˌe͡ɪ ˈɛd͡ʒən ˈaɹɪd͡ʒˌɒnə ˈa͡ɪe͡ə bˈe͡ɪjɜː nˈan bˈiːbhɑː ɡˈɔːɹɒn dˈɔːhɑː.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
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