Hugli-Chuchura Hooghly-Chinsurah | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Chinsurah | |
 Edwardian Clock Tower (Ghorir More) | |
| Nickname: Chunchura | |
  Hugli-Chuchura  Hugli-Chuchura | |
| Coordinates:22°54′N88°23′E / 22.90°N 88.39°E /22.90; 88.39 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | West Bengal |
| Division | Burdwan |
| District | Hooghly |
| Subdivision | Chinsurah |
| Establishment ofHooghly byPortuguese | 1537 |
| Establishment ofChinsurah byDutch | 1635 |
| Annexation byBritish East India Company | 1825 |
| Establishment ofHooghly-Chinsurah Municipality | 1865 |
| Founded by |   Dutch |
| Named after | Special cane or spire |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality |
| • Chairman•Vice Chairman | Amit Roy•Partha Saha |
| Area | |
• Total | 18 km2 (7 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 2nd inHooghly District just afterChandernagore |
| Elevation | 9 m (30 ft) |
| Population (2015) | |
• Total | 288,090 |
| • Rank | 2nd inHooghly District just afterSerampore |
| • Density | 6,641/km2 (17,200/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali,English |
| • Additional official | Dutch |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 712101, 712102, 712103, 712104, 712105, 712106 |
| Telephone code | +91 33 |
| Vehicle registration | WB |
| Sex ratio | 995 females/1000 males♂/♀ |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Hooghly |
| Member of Parliament | Rachana Banerjee (AITC) |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Chunchura |
| Member of Legislative Assembly | Asit Mazumder (AITC) |
| Website | hooghly hcm |
Hugli-Chuchura (pronounced[ɦuɡli-tʃutʃuɽa]), also known by itsformer namesChinsurah orHooghly-Chinsurah, is a city ofHooghly district and the district headquarters of Hooghly division in theIndianstate ofWest Bengal. It is one of the densely populated cities of West Bengal. It lies on the bank ofHooghly River, 35 km north ofKolkata, the state capital.[1] It is located in the district of Hooghly and is home to the district headquarters. Chuchura houses the Commissioner of the Burdwan Range. The District Court building of Chinsurah is the longest building inWest Bengal. It is a part of the area covered byKolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).[2]
Chinsurah is the home to the new state-of-the-art 1000 KWDRMtransmitter ofPrasar Bharti which enables 'Akashvaani Maitree' to be broadcast acrossBangladesh. This special Bangla service ofAll India Radio was launched in the wake of theBangladesh Liberation Movement and played a key role during the war, broadcasting Indian news bulletins in Bangladesh. It continued till April 2010 but was discontinued thereafter due to decommissioning of the Super PowerTransmitter at Chinsurah.[3] The headquarters of the Hooghly District Sports Association (HDSA) and the famous Imambara Sadar District Hospital is situated here. Chinsurah is also the home of the oldestArmenian church in India and oldHindu Temples. It is one of the Literate cities in West Bengal. The literacy percent of this city is 91%.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 29,383 | — |
| 1911 | 28,916 | −1.6% |
| 1921 | 29,938 | +3.5% |
| 1931 | 32,634 | +9.0% |
| 1941 | 49,081 | +50.4% |
| 1951 | 56,805 | +15.7% |
| 1961 | 83,104 | +46.3% |
| 1971 | 105,241 | +26.6% |
| 1981 | 138,915 | +32.0% |
| 1991 | 173,496 | +24.9% |
| 2001 | 184,173 | +6.2% |
| 2011 | 177,259 | −3.8% |
| Source:Government of India[4] | ||
| Hinduism | 92.15% | |||
| Islam | 5.95% | |||
| Christianity | 1.06% | |||
| Buddhism | 0.14% | |||
| Sikhism | 0.13% | |||
| Jainism | 0.03% | |||
| Others | 0.54% | |||
| Religions in Burari (2011) | ||||
In 2011, Hooghly-Chinsurah had a population of 177,259, with 88,844 males and 88,415 females. Its population declined by 3.8% from 2001, when it had a population of 184,173. The average literacy rate is 91.1%, with 93.81% for males and 88.39% for females. The sex ratio is 995 females per 1000 males. A vast majority of people in Hooghly-Chinsurah practice Hinduism, with about 92%. The second most practiced religion is Islam, with about 6% of people being Muslim.
As per2011 Census of India Hugli-Chinsurah had a total population of 2,88,506 of which 1,44,267 (50%) were males and 1,44,239 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 22,604. The total number of literates in Hugli-Chinsurah was 2,42,055 (91.04% of the population over 6 years).[5]
The following Municipalities and Census Towns in Hooghly district were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in 2011 census:Bansberia (M), Hugli-Chinsurah (M), Bara Khejuria (Out Growth),Shankhanagar (CT),Amodghata (CT),Chak Bansberia (CT),Naldanga (CT),Kodalia (CT),Kulihanda (CT),Simla (CT),Dharmapur (CT),Bhadreswar (M),Champdani (M),Chandannagar (M Corp.),Baidyabati (M),Serampore (M),Rishra (M),Rishra (CT),Bamunari (CT),Dakshin Rajyadharpur (CT),Nabagram Colony (CT),Konnagar (M),Uttarpara Kotrung (M),Raghunathpur (PS-Dankuni) (CT),Kanaipur (CT) andKeota (CT).[6]
As of 2001[update] India census, Hugli-Chinsurah had a population of 170,201. Males constitute 51.06% of the population and females 48.94%. Hugli-Chinsurah has an average literacy rate of 82.55%, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 87.93% and female literacy is 76.95%.[7]
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Hooghly-Chuchura was a municipality formed by the merging of two towns, Hugli and Chinsura, in 1865. The names are spelled in other ways includingHooghly,Hugli,Hughli,Ugulim (in Portuguese),Chinsura,Chunchura,Chuchro andChinsurah.
State Highway 6/Grand Trunk Road (G.T. Road) passes through the town. Chuchura and Hooghly are historic stations on theHowrah-Bardhaman main line of theEastern Railway. Ferry services across theHooghly River serves as a link with the district ofNorth 24 Parganas.
Hugli-Chuchura is located at22°54′N88°23′E / 22.90°N 88.39°E /22.90; 88.39.[9][10]
This city is on the flood plain on the right bank of river Bhagirathi-Hooghly.The area is composed of flatalluvial plains that forms part of theGangetic Delta. The high west bank of the tidalHooghly River is highly industrialised.[11]
Keota,Manushpur,Naldanga,Kodalia,Kulihanda,Dharampur andSimla form a cluster of census towns on the eastern side of Hugli-Chuchura.[10]
There are 13 statutory towns and 64 census towns in Hooghly district. The right bank of theHooghly River has been industrialised over a long period. With foreigners dominating the area's industry, trade and commerce for over two centuries, it is amongst the leading industrialised districts in the state. At the same time the land is fertile and agricultural production is significant.[12]
In Chinsurah subdivision 68.63% of the population is rural and the urban population is 31.37%. It has 2 statutory and 23 census towns.[13] In Chinsurah Mogra CD Block 64.87% of the population is urban and 35.13% is rural. Amongst the four remaining CD Blocks in the subdivision two were overwhelmingly rural and two were wholly rural.[14]
The map alongside shows a portion of Chinsurah subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.
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ThePortuguese founded the town ofUgulim in 1579, but the district has thousands of years of heritage in the form of the great kingdom ofBhurshut. The city flourished as a trading port and some religious structures were built. One such structure is a Christian church dedicated to a statue of Mary, brought by the Portuguese.
In 1629, political disorder struck the city and theMughal governor ofBengal expelled the Portuguese. The fleeing Portuguese lost the statue in the river, but local people later found it on the river bank. The arrested Portuguese were taken to Delhi, where a death sentence of trampling by elephants was decreed. When the emperorShah Jahan heard this he ordered the priests released and granted a piece of land on the bank of theriver Hooghly, where the statue of Mary was reestablished. There the Portuguese constructed a church to house the statue, which still receives pilgrims today. The church was renovated in the 1980s and has been declared as a basilica by the authority of Rome.[citation needed]
After the Portuguese expulsion, the town was made the royal port of Bengal, and all the public offices and records were established there. In 1640 theEast India Company established a factory at Hugli, their first settlement in Lower Bengal.[15]
In 1656 the Dutch also erected a factory on the site of the town.[1] At that timeCalcutta was the principal settlement inDutch Bengal, who used it as a base for Dutch intra-Asian trade in opium, saltpetre, spices, cotton and indigo.[16] However, in 1685, a dispute having taken place between the English factors and thenawab, the town was bombarded and burned to the ground.[15]
In 1759 the Dutch garrison of Chinsura, on its march toChandernagore, attacked a British force under Colonel Forde. TheBattle of Chinsurah lasted less than half an hour and ended with the rout of the Dutch attackers. In 1795, during theNapoleonic Wars, a British garrison occupied the settlement. The peace of 1814 restored Hughli to the Dutch. However, in 1825, the Dutch ceded many of their possessions in India to the British, in exchange for the British-occupied possessions inSumatra.[1]
Both Chinsurah and Hooghly played a role in theBengal renaissance and theIndian independence movement. "Vande Mataram", India's national song, was composed byBankim Chandra Chattopadhyay at Joraghat in Chinsurah, who had been an alumnus of the Hooghly Collegiate School.Nazrul Islam's revolutionary songs were penned while he was imprisoned by the colonial government inHooghly Jail (Hooghly District Correctional Home).[17]
Chinsurah police station has jurisdiction over Hugli-Chuchura andBansberia Municipal areas and a part ofChinsurah Mogra CD Block. Chinsurah police station has jurisdiction byChandannagar Police Commissionerate. Chinsurah has a woman police station.[18][19]
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Hooghly-Chinsurah has three railway stations:Chinsurah railway station (CNS),Hooghly railway station (HGY) andBandel Junction railway station (BDC) on the Howrah line andHooghly Ghat railway station (HYG) on the Sealdah line. Thus Chinsurah is well connected toHowrah,Burdwan,Katwa,Naihati and other cities. A few passenger and express trains stop at the Chuchura station. The Hooghly Ghat station is beside theSampreeti Bridge which is a connector between the eastern and the western side of the Ganges. An extension of theKolkata Metro from Howrah to Chuchura is under review.[20]
Transportation in Chinsurah is mainly covered by bus, auto, rickshaw and toto. Private Buses from Chinsurah Court stand[21] go toChinsurah railway station (Bus no.1) and other towns such asDakshineswar (Bus no.2),Memari (Bus no.4),Jirat (Bus no.8),Tarakeswar (Bus no.17 and23),Haripal (Bus no.18) andPandua (Bus no.39). Besides Express Buses up toBankura,Jangipara etc. are also available. Formerly bus to Arambagh, Bandar, Bardhaman, Barakar, Digha, Laugram, Kumarganj was available but due to insufficient passengers many of them are completely closed while some are short terminated and originated atTarakeswar. According to many passengers because of so many illegal auto and toto routes, bus routes are closing. Auto service is provided to nearby towns and villages. Chinsurah Court-Chinsurah Railway Station, Chinsurah Court-Tribeni, Chinsurah Court-Bandel Junction Railway Station, Chinsurah Court-Hooghly railway station are the major auto routes in Hooghly-Chinsurah. Additionally, Chinsurah is well-connected toNaihati by ferry services.
Source:[24]
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Durga Puja, Jagadhatri Puja, Kartick Puja, Kali Puja & Deepawali, Ras Yatra, Saraswati Puja, Lakshmi Puja, Navabarsho (Bengali New Year), Basanti Puja, Manasa Puja, etc. are the main festivals celebrated here. Jagadhatri Puja or Mohish Mordini puja is a very famous festival. Every year it starts from "Jamai Sasti" and continues till 4days like Durga Puja. Mohish Mordini temple is situated in Dharampur. The famous Gajan Festival is also celebrated at Sandeswartala Temple in Chinsurah near the bank of river Hooghly.
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hugli".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 862.
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| Kolkata Municipal Corporation |
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| Kolkata Urban Agglomeration Outside KMC |
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