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Chicopee River

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Coordinates:42°08′54″N72°37′18″W / 42.1482°N 72.6217°W /42.1482; -72.6217

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

River in Massachusetts, United States

Chicopee River
Chicopee Falls

Etymology	"violent/raging/turbulent waters" in anAlgonquian language^[1]
Location
Country	US
Physical characteristics

Source
• location	Palmer, Massachusetts
• coordinates	42°10′51″N72°21′55″W / 42.1807°N 72.3654°W /42.1807; -72.3654

Mouth
• location	Connecticut River
• coordinates	42°08′54″N72°37′18″W / 42.1482°N 72.6217°W /42.1482; -72.6217
Length	18.0 mi (29.0 km)
Basin size	721 sq mi (1,870 km²)

TheChicopee River is an 18.0-mile-long (29.0 km)^[2] tributary of theConnecticut River in thePioneer Valley,Massachusetts, known for fast-moving water and its extraordinarily large basin: the Connecticut River's largest tributary basin.^[3] The Chicopee River originates in aPalmer, Massachusetts village called Three Rivers as a confluence of the Ware, Quaboag and Swift rivers. It passes throughWilbraham,Ludlow, and theIndian Orchard neighborhood of Springfield.

After forming the border between Springfield andChicopee, Massachusetts for a short distance, the river then flows in a sharply curving path through the city of Chicopee and into theConnecticut River. (Chicopee was part of Springfield until 1848.)

Watershed

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Although the Chicopee River itself is only 18 miles (29 km) long, itsdrainage area is the largest in Massachusetts at 721 square miles (1,870 km²), and the largest tributary area to the Connecticut River.^[3] The Chicopee River Watershed includes all or part of 32 cities and towns.^[3]

Upstream of the Chicopee River on theSwift River, theQuabbin Reservoir provides drinking water to Eastern Massachusetts (MWRA service area) and Chicopee itself via theChicopee Valley Aqueduct.

Water power potential

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During theIndustrial Revolution, the Chicopee River became a particularly sought-after destination for hydropower, largely because it drops 260 feet (79 m) during its 18-mile (29 km) course to the Connecticut River. By comparison, the meandering Connecticut River drops just 50 feet (15 m) from Chicopee toOld Saybrook, Connecticut, where it empties into theLong Island Sound.^[3] For this reason, numerous mills were built along the Chicopee River; today, many of them can be found in various states ofrepurposing, with a particularly famous mill in Springfield Indian Orchard serving as artists' space.^[4]

Dams and crossings

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Due in part to its precipitous drop, as of 2011, there are six hydropower dams on the Chicopee River. The average flow of the Chicopee River is 900 cubic feet per second, or about 581,644,800 gallons per day.^[3]

TheChicopee Falls Dam impounds the river near what is now Bridge Street /Massachusetts Route 33 in the city of Chicopee. There are five other dams on this river segment: Just downstream from the Chicopee Falls Dam isDwight Dam, located off Grape and Front St. in Chicopee. The next dam upstream is the Indian Orchard Dam north ofRoute 141 adjacent to an old mill on Front Street.Putts Bridge Dam atRoute 21 betweenLudlow and the Indian Orchard section ofSpringfield, theCollins Hydro Dam at Chapin Street between Ludlow andWilbraham, and theRed Bridge Dam off Red Bridge Road inWilbraham. ThePutts Bridge Dam was constructed in 1918 as a concrete gravity structure. It rises 22 ft (6.7 m) from the bed of the Chicopee River. TheIndian Orchard Dam is a cut stone dam with 28 ft (8.5 m) of height above the river. Each of these dams generatehydroelectric power. The Dwight Dam is cut stone with height of 15 ft.^{[citation needed]}

There is the remnants of the Ames Sword Company Dam, just downstream from Dwight Dam, this is the last dam on the Chicopee River before it empties into the Connecticut. There also used to be a low-head dam just upstream of the Putts Bridge Dam alongside the old Ludlow Mills.A bridge across the river at what is now Springfield Street /Massachusetts Route 116 in Chicopee opened in 1783. It was replaced by a covered wooden bridge in 1846, and then the steel and concrete William F. Devitt Memorial Bridge in 1931.^[5] This was demolished and replaced by a modern bridge, along with the bridge over the Dwight Manufacturer's Canal immediately to the south, in 2012–2013.^[6]

Around 1900, the Spalding and Pepper Rubber Co. under Noyes W. Fisk constructed a pedestrian suspension bridge at Oak Street as a shortcut for workers. It was destroyed by the1938 New England hurricane.^[7]

References

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^Plourde-Barker, Michele (1998).Chicopee. Arcadia. p. 9.ISBN 978-0-7385-9006-6.The word "Chicopee" has been variously interpreted as "birch bark place," "place of the elms," and "turbulent waters." The most reliable translations indicate that the name comes from an Algonquin word for "violent or raging waters."
^U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data.The National Map Archived 2012-03-29 at theWayback Machine, accessed April 1, 2011
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^eChicopee River Watershed Council, Chicopee, MA - Frequently Asked Questions. Chicopeeriver.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-15.
^Indian Orchard Mills. Indian Orchard Mills. Retrieved on 2013-07-15.
^Stephen Jendrysik: New Davitt Memorial Bridge in Chicopee carries proud history
^William F. Davitt Bridge in Chicopee opened early thanks to pressure from businesses and mild winter
^Stephen Jendrysik: "Swing bridge" made for fine Chicopee dare before being destroyed in Hurricane of 1938

External links

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Chicopee River Watershed profile and documents from the Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental AffairsArchived 2017-03-16 at theWayback Machine
Massachusetts' 28 Watersheds (official map)

Rivers of Massachusetts bydrainage system

Atlantic Ocean

Buzzards Bay	Acushnet River Agawam River Back River Copicut River Crooked River Mattapoisett River Nasketucket River Paskamanset River Pocasset River Sippican River Slocums River Wankinco River Westport River Weweantic River
Nantucket Sound	Bass River Bumps River Childs River Coonamesset River Mashpee River Mitchell River Oyster Pond River Popponesset Creek Quashnet River Santuit River
Others	Tiasquam River

Gulf of Maine

Cape Cod Bay	Bluefish River Eel River Herring River Jones River Little Pamet River Pamet River Town Brook
Massachusetts Bay	Aberjona River Alewife Brook Canton River Charles River Chelsea Creek Cochato River Fore River Fresh River Indian Head River Malden River Millers River Monatiquot River Muddy River Mystic River Neponset River North River Saugus River Stony Brook (Boston) Stony Brook (Waltham) Stop River Weir River Weymouth Back River
Merrimack River Watershed	Artichoke River Assabet River Back River Beaver Brook Cochichewick River Concord River Little River Merrimack River Nashua River Nissitissit River North Nashua River Phillips Brook Powwow River Quinapoxet River Salmon Brook Shawsheen River Souhegan River South Branch Souhegan River South Nashua River Spicket River Squannacook River Stillwater River Sudbury River Trout Brook Vine Brook Whitman River
Others	Annisquam River Blackwater River Eagle Hill River Egypt River Ipswich River Jericho Creek Roger Island River Rowley River Skug River

Long Island Sound

Connecticut River Watershed	Burnshirt River Chapel Brook Chicopee River Connecticut River Cranberry River Deerfield River East Brookfield River Farmington River Fall River Five Mile River Green River Hubbard River Manhan River Mill River (Northampton) Mill River (Springfield) Millers River Mirey Brook North Branch Millers River North Branch Westfield River North River Otter River Quaboag River Scantic River Seven Mile River Tarbell Brook Ware River Westfield River
Housatonic River Watershed	Housatonic River Konkapot River Schenob Brook Umpachene River
Thames River Watershed	French River Quinebaug River

Narragansett Bay

Mount Hope Bay (Taunton River Watershed)	Assonet River Canoe River Cedar Swamp River Cocasset River Cotley River Forge River Hockomock River Matfield River Mill River Nemasket River Poor Meadow Brook Quequechan River Rumford River Salisbury Plain River Satucket River Segreganset River Shumatuscacant River Snake River Taunton River Three Mile River Town River Wading River Winnetuxet River
Providence River Watershed	Abbott Run Blackstone River Bungay River Chockalog River Mill River Mumford River Peters River Quinsigamond River Sevenmile River Tannery River Ten Mile River West River Wilde River
Others	Barrington River Cole River Coles Brook Kickemuit River Lees River Palmer River Runnins River

Upper New York Bay

Hudson River Watershed	Hoosic River Kinderhook Creek

Connecticut River watershed

Tributaries

Connecticut	Blackledge River Coginchaug River Connecticut River Duck River Eightmile River Falls River Farmington River Hockanum River Hubbard River Jeremy River Lieutenant River Mattabesset River Nepaug River Pameacha Creek Park River Pequabuck River Salmon River Scantic River
Massachusetts	Burnshirt River Chapel Brook Chicopee River Connecticut River Cranberry River Deerfield River East Brookfield River Farmington River Fall River Five Mile River Green River Hubbard River Manhan River Mill River (Northampton) Mill River (Springfield) Millers River Mirey Brook North Branch Millers River North Branch Westfield River North River Otter River Quaboag River Scantic River Seven Mile River Tarbell Brook Ware River Westfield River
New Hampshire	Ammonoosuc River Ashuelot River Blow-me-down Brook The Branch Cold River Connecticut River East Branch Mohawk River Gale River Great Brook Halls Stream Ham Branch Indian River Indian Stream Israel River Johns River Knox River Little River Little Sugar River Mascoma River Millers River Mink Brook Mirey Brook Mohawk River Nash Stream North Branch Gale River North Branch Millers River North Branch Sugar River North Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River Oliverian Brook Otter Brook Partridge Brook Perry Stream Phillips Brook Simms Stream South Branch Ashuelot River South Branch Gale River South Branch Israel River South Branch Sugar River Stocker Brook Sugar River Tarbell Brook Upper Ammonoosuc River West Branch Mohawk River West Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River Wild Ammonoosuc River Zealand River
Vermont	Black River Connecticut River Deerfield River Fall River Green River Halls Stream Leach Creek Moose River Nulhegan River Ompompanoosuc River Ottauquechee River Passumpsic River Rock River Saxtons River Utley Brook Waits River Wells River West River Whetstone Brook White River Williams River Winhall River

Lakes

Connecticut	Barkhamsted Reservoir Lake Beseck Lake Hayward Lake Pocotopaug
Massachusetts	Brooks Pond Browning Pond Lake Monomonac Quabbin Reservoir Lake Wyola
New Hampshire	Ashuelot Pond Back Lake Canaan Street Lake Cedar Pond Christine Lake Comerford Reservoir Connecticut Lakes Crystal Lake Dublin Pond Eastman Pond Echo Lake Lake Francis (Murphy Dam) Goose Pond Grafton Pond Granite Lake Lakes of the Clouds Little Sunapee Lake Mascoma Lake McIndoes Reservoir Lake Monomonac Moore Reservoir Pearly Lake Silver Lake Spofford Lake Lake Sunapee Surry Mountain Lake Lake Tarleton
Vermont	Ball Mountain Lake Comerford Reservoir Harriman Reservoir Harvey's Lake McIndoes Reservoir Moore Reservoir North Hartland Lake Lake Rescue Townshend Lake

Towns

Connecticut	Chester Cromwell Deep River East Haddam East Hampton East Hartford East Windsor Enfield Essex Glastonbury Haddam Hartford Higganum Lyme Middletown Moodus Old Lyme Old Saybrook Portland Rocky Hill South Windsor Suffield Thompsonville Wethersfield Windsor Windsor Locks
Massachusetts	Agawam Chicopee Deerfield Easthampton Gill Greenfield Hadley Hatfield Holyoke Longmeadow Millers Falls Montague Northampton Northfield South Hadley Springfield Sunderland Turners Falls West Springfield Whately
New Hampshire	Bath Charlestown Chesterfield Claremont Clarksville Colebrook Columbia Cornish Dalton Groveton Hanover Haverhill Hinsdale Lancaster Lebanon Littleton Lyme Monroe Northumberland Orford Piermont Pittsburg Plainfield Stewartstown Stratford Walpole West Lebanon Westmoreland Woodsville
Quebec	East Hereford
Vermont	Ascutney Barnet Beecher Falls Bellows Falls Bloomfield Bradford Brattleboro Brunswick Canaan Concord Dummerston Fairlee Gilman Guildhall Hartford Hartland Lemington Lunenburg Maidstone Newbury Norwich Putney Rockingham Ryegate Springfield Thetford Vernon Waterford Weathersfield Wells River Westminster White River Junction Wilder Windsor

Crossings

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	United States Israel
Other	Yale LUX

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