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Chess composer

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Creator of endgame studies or chess problems
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Achess composer is a person who createsendgame studies orchess problems. Chess composers usually specialize in a particulargenre, e.g. endgame studies,twomovers, threemovers,moremovers,helpmates,selfmates,fairy problems, orretrograde analysis. Moreover, composers have their own preferred style of composing, allowing their sorting according to composition schools.

Some chess composers produce huge numbers of chess compositions, while others try to achieve as much quality as possible and present new works only rarely.

It is possible for chess composers to gain officialFIDEtitles, usually for a given number of problems published inFIDE Albums. For example,Milan Vukcevich was anInternational Grandmaster of Chess Composition, as well as anInternational Master player.

TheWFCC (World Federation for Chess Composition), formerly known as PCCC, is a branch ofFIDE regulating the awarding of titles such as International Grandmaster, International master, Master FIDE and International Judge for chess composition.

Schools of composition

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Composition school in chess composition is a particular style of creating chess problems, putting emphasis on different aspects of the problem contents and attracting the interest of an important number of chess composers. The best-known composition schools, as they evolved historically, are:

  • Old German school put emphasis on complexity and difficulty of solution andmodel mate in the main variation, the most suitable genres beingfourmovers andfivemovers;
  • Bohemian school puts emphasis on artistic beauty and number of variations finished by model mates, the most suitable genres beingthreemovers and fourmovers;
  • English school demanded dual-free play in all variations and put emphasis on varied motivation in high number of variations;
  • American school puts emphasis on originality and presence of surprising elements in the solution;
  • New German school (also known aslogical school) requires logical structure of solution and purity (or economy) of aim, the longer genres are more suitable;
  • New Bohemian school combines requirements of new German school and Bohemian school;
  • Strategical school puts emphasis on complexity of motivation in high number of variations, both defence and harmfulmotifs should be unified whenever possible, mostly intwomovers and threemovers;
  • Soviet school is a highly developed level of strategic school;
  • New-strategical school requires changes of variations or move functions between phases;
  • Slovak school requires changes of motifs between phases.

Many chess problems are clearly attributable to a specific one of these schools, but there are many problems that might be attributed to none of these or to more than one of them. Today, many chess composers regularly do work in the area of multiple schools.

Notable chess composers

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See also

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References

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  1. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxbillwall."Great Chess Composers". Chess.com, August 7, 2007.
  2. ^Poole, Steven (25 August 2000)."The Nabokov gambit".The Guardian. Retrieved11 July 2017.
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