| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Mountain Resort, Chengde | |
 Interactive map of Mountain Resort, Chengde | |
| Location | Shuangqiao District, China |
| Part of | Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde |
| Criteria | Cultural: (ii), (iv) |
| Reference | 703 |
| Inscription | 1994 (18thSession) |
| Coordinates | 40°59′15″N117°56′15″E / 40.98750°N 117.93750°E /40.98750; 117.93750 |
  Chengde Mountain Resort Location of Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei  Chengde Mountain Resort Chengde Mountain Resort (China) Show map of China | |
| Chengde Mountain Resort | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 避暑山庄 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 避暑山莊 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Mountain Estate for Avoiding the Heat | ||||||||
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| Ligong | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 离宫 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 離宮 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | detached palace | ||||||||
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| Manchu name | |||||||||
| Manchu script |  | ||||||||
| Romanization | Halhūn be jailara gurung | ||||||||
Chengde Mountain Resort (Chinese:承德避暑山庄;Manchu:Halhūn be jailara gurung) is a large complex of imperial palaces and gardens situated in theShuangqiao District ofChengde in northeasternHebei province, northernChina, about 225 kilometres (140 mi) northeast of China's capitalBeijing. This resort was frequently used as a summer vacation place before the Kuomintang Republic of China.[1] Because of its vast and rich collection of Chineselandscapes andarchitecture, Chengde Mountain Resort in many ways is a culmination of all the variety of gardens, pagodas, temples and palaces from various regions of China.[2] In 1994, The Mountain Resort was awardedWorld Heritage Site status.[1]
Chengde is one of China's four famous gardens, national relic protection unit and Class 5A Tourist Attractions in China.[3]
Chengde Mountain Resort is also sometimes called Rehe Xinggong (热河行宫) or Ligong (离宫).
Built between 1703 and 1792 by Chinese architects, the Mountain Resort took 89 years to complete. It covers a total area of 5.6 km2 (2.2 sq mi), almost half of Chengde's urban area. It is a vast complex of palaces and administrative and ceremonial buildings. Temples of various Chinese architectural styles and gardens blend harmoniously into a landscape oflakes,pastureland and forests.
The rulers of the Qing regime often spent several months a year here to escape the summer heat in the capital city ofBeijing and the palace zone in the southern part of the resort was therefore designed to resemble theForbidden City in Beijing. It consists of two parts: a court in front, where the emperor received high officials, nobles of variousminority nationalities, and foreignenvoys; and bed chambers in the rear, which were the imperial family's living quarters, notably the Yanbozhishuang Hall, where the Kangxi spent a total of 12 summers while the Qianlong spent 52 summers in the hall during the course of their reign.
Chengde Mountain Resort is located in the transition zone from warm temperate zone to cold temperate zone. It has semi - temperate, semi - arid continental monsoon climate. It has a large difference in temperature between day and night. In winter, it is cold and has little snow. It has many thundershowers in summer, leading to few hot periods. Chengde Mountain Resort is suitable for traveling in every season, but best from April to October.[4]
The Mountain Resort is most famous for the 72 scenic spots which were named by the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors. Many of the scenic spots around the resort's lake area were copied from famous landscaped gardens in southern China. For instance, the main building on the Green Lotus Island, "Tower of Mist and Rain," (烟雨楼;煙雨樓;Yānyǔ Lóu) is modeled upon a tower at the Nanhu Lake atJiaxing inZhejiang Province.
The resort's plain area also possesses characteristics of the scenery of the Mongoliangrasslands. Forested mountains and valleys are dotted with various buildings. This includes a 70-meter (230 ft)-tall stoneChinese pagoda, one of the tallest in China, built in 1751 during the reign of theQianlong Emperor. The pagoda is shaped with anoctagonal base, while the pagoda's nine stories are decorated with colorfulglazed tiles and thesteeple is crowned with agilded roundspire.
In December 1994 the Mountain Resort was listed byUNESCO on its list ofWorld Heritage Sites.
The2018 Women's Bandy World Championship was held at a naturally frozen ice at the lake in the complex.
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| East |
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| South Central |
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| Southwestern | ||
| North | ||
| Northeast | ||
| Northwestern | ||
| Multiple regions |
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