Charles McGee | |
|---|---|
.jpg) McGee in 2014 | |
| Born | (1919-12-07)December 7, 1919 Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | January 16, 2022(2022-01-16) (aged 102) Bethesda, Maryland, U.S. |
| Allegiance |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Army Air Forces United States Air Force |
| Years of service | 1942–1973 |
| Rank | .svg) Colonel Brigadier general (promoted 2020) |
| Unit | 332nd Fighter Group (Tuskegee Airmen) |
| Commands | 16th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron |
| Battles / wars | World War II Korean War Vietnam War |
| Awards | Legion of Merit (2) Distinguished Flying Cross (3) Bronze Star Medal Air Medal (26) Congressional Gold Medal (with all other Tuskegee Airmen) |
Brigadier GeneralCharles Edward McGee (December 7, 1919 − January 16, 2022) was an Americanfighter pilot who was one of the first African American aviators in the United States military and one of the last living members of theTuskegee Airmen. McGee first began his career inWorld War II flying with the Tuskegee Airmen, an all African American military pilot group at a time ofsegregation in the armed forces. His military aviation career lasted 30 years in which McGee flew 409 combat missions in World War II, theKorean War andVietnam War.
For his service, McGee received theDistinguished Flying Cross with twooak leaf clusters and theBronze Star Medal, along with many other military honors. In 2007, as a member of the Tuskegee Airmen, McGee received theCongressional Gold Medal. In 2011, he was inducted into theNational Aviation Hall of Fame and in February 2020, was promoted fromcolonel tobrigadier general.[1][2]
Charles McGee was born inCleveland, Ohio, on December 7, 1919, toLewis Allen and Ruth Elizabeth (Lewis) McGee. His grandfather was formerlyenslaved and his father served as anArmy chaplain inWorld War I and during theBattle of the Bulge in the Second World War. Lewis was also at various times a teacher, social worker,African Methodist Episcopal minister (ultimately aUnitarian minister and one of the first African Americans as such), and later an activist during thecivil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. The family frequently moved during Charles's childhood.[3] He had two siblings, his older brother Lewis and younger sister Ruth. His mother died shortly after his sister was born.[4]
As a child, McGee was a member of theBoy Scouts of America and earned theEagle Scout award on August 9, 1940. He later served in district and regional positions in the Boy Scouts. At the2010 National Scout Jamboree, he was recognized with theDistinguished Eagle Scout Award.[5]
McGee metSalem Baptist Church member Frances Nelson (born 1921) in April 1942. They were married at her home by his father on October 17, 1942. They had three children: Charlene, Ronald, and Yvonne. Two days after their wedding, he was sworn in as anaviation cadet.[6] Frances McGee died February 22, 1994, at the age of 73. They were married for over 51 years.
In March 1942, McGee was a sophomore at theUniversity of Illinois studying engineering. While a student he was a member of the National Society ofPershing Rifles. He also became a member of the Tau chapter ofAlpha Phi Alpha fraternity. Enlisting in theUnited States Army on October 26, 1942, in time he became part of theTuskegee Airmen, having already earned hispilot's wings and graduated from Class 43-F on June 30, 1943.[7]
By February 1944, McGee was stationed in Italy with the 302nd Fighter Squadron of the332d Fighter Group, flying his first mission on Valentine's Day.[7][8] McGee flew theBell P-39Q Airacobra, theRepublic P-47D Thunderbolt, and theNorth American P-51 Mustang fighter aircraft, escortingConsolidated B-24 Liberator andBoeing B-17 Flying Fortress bombers over Germany, Austria, and the Balkans. During missions, he sometimes also engaged in low level strafing attacks over enemy airfields and rail yards.[9]
On August 23, 1944, while escorting B-17s over Czechoslovakia, McGee engaged a formation ofLuftwaffe fighters and shot down aFocke-Wulf Fw 190.[10]
Now a captain, McGee had flown a total of 137 combat missions and was returned to the United States on December 1, 1944, to become an instructor for theNorth American B-25 Mitchell bombers flown by the 477th Bomb Group (Medium), another unit of the Tuskegee Airmen. He remained at Tuskegee Army Air Field until 1946, when the base was closed.[7] McGee told theBBC in 2007 that "[Our success] made it possible for President Truman to issue orders mandating all of the service to integrate", referring toExecutive Order 9981 that PresidentHarry Truman signed into law in 1948, which endedracial segregation in the United States Armed Forces.[11]
After World War II, McGee was sent to Lockbourne Army Air Field (now Rickenbacker ANGB,Columbus, Ohio) to become the base operations and training officer, later in 1948, being posted to an Aircraft Maintenance Technical Course and was assigned to an air refueling unit. Continuing his service with theUnited States Air Force as it was reconstituted, McGee continued to serve as a fighter pilot, flyingLockheed F-80 Shooting Star andNorthrop F-89 Scorpion aircraft.[12] When theKorean War broke out, he flew P-51 Mustangs again in the 67th Fighter Bomber Squadron, completing 100 missions, and was promoted to major.[13]
During theVietnam War, as alieutenant colonel, McGee flew 172 combat missions in aMcDonnell RF-4 photo-reconnaissance aircraft. During his Southeast Asia combat tour, McGee served as the Squadron Commander of the 16th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron (TRS), of the 460th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, which was based at Tan Son Nhut Air Base, in South Vietnam. The 16th TRS flew the RF-4C "photo-recce" Phantom II jet aircraft.[14][15]
After a series of other appointments-both in the United States as well as in Italy and West Germany, McGee retired at the rank of colonel, on January 31, 1973.[16] In a 30-year active service career, McGee achieved a three-war fighter mission total of 409 combat missions, one of the highest by any Air Force fighter pilot.[10] He ended his military career with 6,308 flying hours.[17]
After his military service, McGee held functional and honorary positions in aviation. In 1978, at the age of 58, he completed his college degree atColumbia College, over thirty years after his initial enrollment at the University of Illinois. Though interrupted by World War II, attaining a college degree had been a lifelong goal.[18]
McGee served as the director of the Kansas City airport and as a member of the Aviation Advisory Commission. For over 30 years, he had been an ambassador of Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. (or Tuskegee Airmen Association), established in 1972. He served as national president of the association from 1983 to 1985 and was instrumental to its growth, leading efforts to provide aviation career opportunities for people of color.[19] He gave numerous public addresses and received several accolades including the National Aeronautic Association's "Elder Statesman of Aviation".[10] He also participated in theAir Force Association.[20]
In 2005, McGee intended to be part of a group of former Tuskegee Airmen, who flew to Balad, Iraq, to speak to active duty airmen serving in the332nd Air Expeditionary Wing, the current incarnation of the 332nd Fighter Group.[21] However, McGee was not noted as being in Balad.[22]
In 2007, McGee appeared in an episode ofDogfights on theHistory Channel, alongside fellow Tuskegee AirmenLee Archer andRoscoe Brown. McGee also served as a consultant to the 2012George Lucas film,Red Tails.[23]
For his lifelong dedication to aviation, in 2011, McGee was inducted into theNational Aviation Hall of Fame.[24]
In 2018, to celebrate McGee's 99th birthday, businessman and former Air Force pilot Glenn Gonzales took McGee for a flight in aHondaJet, allowing McGee to take the controls of an airplane in flight for the first time in 37 years.[25] In April 2019, McGee was honored at the King Arts Complex in Columbus, Ohio.[26]
In December 2019, for his 100th birthday, McGee flew with a copilot in aCirrus Vision Jet and aCessna Citation M2. The Cirrus flight took him to Dover Air Force Base, where he was welcomed by the base commander and many airmen, anxious to meet the Tuskegee Airman who helped break down barriers for them. He was feted at a lunch hosted at theAOPA National Aviation Community Center where he received awards and accolades from the FAA, the US Senate, the State of Maryland, the city of Frederick, Maryland, and numerous dignitaries. Those who flew with the colonel remarked that he handled the airplanes well and with little assistance.[27]
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On February 2, 2020, McGee presented the coin for the coin flip atSuper Bowl LIV, alongside three other fellowcentenarian World War II veterans.[28][29] Two days later, he was honored by President Trump in-person at the2020 State of the Union Address with a promotion tobrigadier general.[30]
Also in 2020, McGee appeared in a promotional video forNASA encouraging young people to become astronauts and enroll in theArtemis program.[31]
McGee died in his sleep on January 16, 2022, at the age of 102, at his home inBethesda, Maryland.[32] He was one of the last surviving Tuskegee Airmen.[33] Vice PresidentKamala Harris,[34] Secretary of DefenseLloyd Austin,[35] New York City MayorEric Adams,[36] and Secretary of the United States Air ForceGeneral Charles Q. Brown[37] all offered statements in response to his death. He was buried in Section 3 atArlington National Cemetery on June 17, 2022.[38]
McGee was recognized for his combat and military service with a number of military decorations, including:Legion of Merit withoak leaf cluster,Distinguished Flying Cross with two oak leaf clusters,Bronze Star Medal,Air Medal with 25 oak leaf clusters,Air Force Commendation Medal with oak leaf cluster,Army Commendation Medal,Presidential Unit Citation,Korean Presidential Unit Citation, Hellenic Republic World War II Commemorative Medal, along with many related campaign and service ribbons.[13]
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On March 29, 2007, at a ceremony inside the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol, PresidentGeorge W. Bush and the U.S. Congress collectively awarded theCongressional Gold Medal, the nation's highest civilian award, to McGee and all other surviving and deceased Tuskegee Airmen.[17]
In 2011, McGee was inducted into theNational Aviation Hall of Fame inDayton, Ohio.[39]
On February 4, 2020, McGee was promoted from colonel to brigadier general.[1][40] It was authorized in legislation introduced in December 2019 shortly after his 100th birthday, by Maryland SenatorChris Van Hollen and RepresentativeAnthony Brown.[29] McGee was a special guest at the2020 State of the Union Address, where PresidentDonald Trump pinned the stars to his uniform in the Oval Office before delivering the address that day.[1]
After McGee's death in 2022, theSilver Spring Library inMontgomery County, Maryland was renamed in his honor.[41][42]
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McGee married his wife, Frances Nelson, in 1942.[43] The two remained married for over 50 years until Frances' death in 1994. At the time of Charles' death, he and Frances McGee had 3 children, 10 grandchildren, 14 great-grandchildren, and 1 great-great-granddaughter.[19]
McGee named his P-51Kitten after Frances, who worked as a medical secretary in theJohn A. Andrew Memorial Hospital through theTuskegee Institute while Charles was training there. McGee's P-51CKitten camouflage is available as a playable vehicle in the video game,War Thunder.[44] McGee was a Christian and very active in his local church.[20][45]
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