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Changshu 常熟市 | |
|---|---|
 Buildings in Changshu | |
  Changshu Location in Jiangsu | |
| Coordinates (Changshu government):31°39′22″N120°45′11″E / 31.656°N 120.753°E /31.656; 120.753 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Jiangsu |
| Prefecture-level city | Suzhou |
| Government | |
| • CPC Changshu Committee Secretary | Wang Xiang |
| Area | |
| 1,264 km2 (488 sq mi) | |
| Population (2020 census) | |
| 1,677,050 | |
| • Density | 1,327/km2 (3,436/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,230,599 |
| • Rural | 446,451 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 215500 |
| Area code | 0512 |
| Website | changshu |
Changshu (Chinese:常熟;pinyin:Chángshú;Wade–Giles:Ch'ang-shu';lit. 'evergrow';Suzhounese: /d͡ʐan¹³ ʐoʔ²³/)[2] is acounty-level city under the jurisdiction ofSuzhou,Jiangsu province, and is part of theYangtze River Delta.[3] It borders theprefecture-level city ofNantong to the northeast across theYangtze River. Due to the mild climate and terrain there, it has enjoyed a high level of agricultural civilization since ancient times, and is named after this, for the first character of its name (常) means "always, often", while the second (熟) means "ripe". The name of the adjacent county-level city ofTaicang means "great granary".
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Changshu first became an independentcounty in 540 AD, but in 581 was made subordinate toSuzhou. It was promoted to seat of a fullprefecture in 1295, was rebuilt and fortified in the 14th century, but in 1370 was reduced again to the level of a county. In the 15th and 16th centuries Changshu was several times attacked byJapanesepirates.
Changshu has traditionally been a market town for locally produced rice, corn, wheat, tea, andmulberry leaves, and since the 13th century has been a majorcotton-producing district. Although administratively still a subordinate city toSuzhou, it is a provincial base offoreign trade. Currently a harbour is being developed on theYangtze River near Changshu to serviceSuzhou andWuxi.
The city's major industries includetextiles,paper-making,fine chemicals,machinery,steel andforestry products. The city has more than 4,000 textile andapparel companies with combined annual sales of RMB50 billion. The paper-making industry has attracted more the US$15 billion of FDI. By the end of 2007, this industry exceeded 2.4 million tons.[4]
More than 2,000 foreign enterprises have invested in Changshu including big names such asSharp andDunlop. Of the contracted investment at least one-third has come fromTaiwan – more than 500 Taiwan enterprises have invested more than US$100 million in the city.[citation needed]UPM-Kymmene from Finland has been running a paper mill in the city since 1999 and now has an annual capacity of 200,000 tons of coated and 600,000 tons of uncoatedfine paper.[citation needed]
Changshu is divided into 2 subdistricts and 9 towns.[5]
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| Climate data for Changshu, elevation 5 m (16 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.5 (70.7) | 26.2 (79.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 33.1 (91.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 37.3 (99.1) | 39.1 (102.4) | 38.9 (102.0) | 36.5 (97.7) | 32.6 (90.7) | 27.2 (81.0) | 22.0 (71.6) | 39.1 (102.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.8 (46.0) | 10.1 (50.2) | 14.5 (58.1) | 20.6 (69.1) | 25.8 (78.4) | 28.5 (83.3) | 32.5 (90.5) | 32.1 (89.8) | 28.1 (82.6) | 23.1 (73.6) | 17.1 (62.8) | 10.6 (51.1) | 20.9 (69.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.1 (39.4) | 5.9 (42.6) | 10.0 (50.0) | 15.7 (60.3) | 21.0 (69.8) | 24.5 (76.1) | 28.6 (83.5) | 28.2 (82.8) | 24.2 (75.6) | 18.9 (66.0) | 12.9 (55.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 16.7 (62.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) | 2.7 (36.9) | 6.4 (43.5) | 11.7 (53.1) | 17.1 (62.8) | 21.4 (70.5) | 25.5 (77.9) | 25.4 (77.7) | 21.1 (70.0) | 15.3 (59.5) | 9.5 (49.1) | 3.4 (38.1) | 13.4 (56.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.6 (16.5) | −7.1 (19.2) | −3.7 (25.3) | 0.6 (33.1) | 8.6 (47.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 18.8 (65.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 12.1 (53.8) | 3.8 (38.8) | −2.1 (28.2) | −9.1 (15.6) | −9.1 (15.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 66.7 (2.63) | 61.7 (2.43) | 83.6 (3.29) | 83.5 (3.29) | 88.5 (3.48) | 218.5 (8.60) | 181.5 (7.15) | 173.7 (6.84) | 99.4 (3.91) | 61.0 (2.40) | 60.8 (2.39) | 43.2 (1.70) | 1,222.1 (48.11) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.3 | 10.0 | 11.9 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 7.7 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 126.2 |
| Average snowy days | 2.9 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 6.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 75 | 75 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 80 | 79 | 80 | 78 | 74 | 75 | 73 | 76 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 115.1 | 118.1 | 140.2 | 162.3 | 170.7 | 127.1 | 187.1 | 188.9 | 159.4 | 159.2 | 130.5 | 131.4 | 1,790 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 36 | 38 | 38 | 42 | 40 | 30 | 43 | 46 | 43 | 46 | 42 | 42 | 41 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
TheChina National Highway 204Yantai-Nantong-Changshu-Shanghai,Sujiahang Expressway andSuzhou-Jiaxing-Hangzhou all pass through Changshu. Changshu has oneYangtze Rivercrossing, theSutong Yangtze River Bridge,one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world.[8]
Local people generally believe inBuddhism,Taoism,Protestantism andCatholicism.Changshu Christian Church is a Protestant church in the city.
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