Chandler Bridge Formation
Stratigraphic range:Chattian (Arikareean) ~27–24 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Formation
Unit of	Cooper Group
Underlies	Edisto Formation
Overlies	Ashley Formation
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Location
Coordinates	32°48′N79°48′W / 32.8°N 79.8°W /32.8; -79.8
Approximate paleocoordinates	32°54′N74°12′W / 32.9°N 74.2°W /32.9; -74.2
Region	South Carolina
Country	United States
Type section
Named for	Chandler Bridge
Chandler Bridge Formation (the United States) Show map of the United States Chandler Bridge Formation (South Carolina) Show map of South Carolina

TheChandler Bridge Formation is ageologic formation inSouth Carolina. It preservesfossils dating back to theChattian (LateOligocene) of thePaleogeneperiod, corresponding to theArikareean in theNALMA classification.^[1] The formation overlies theAshley Formation and is overlain by the Edisto Formation.^[2]

Cetaceans reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Agorophiidae		Upper sandy unit.[4]		Referred to as Genus Y.
Agorophius	A. sp.		"ChM PV 4256 (a partial skull and mandible with isolated teeth and associated postcrania)".[5]	Anodontocete.
Ankylorhiza	A. tiedemani		Partial skeleton (CCNHM 103).[6]	Anodontocete also found in theAshley andBelgrade formations.
Coronodon	C. newtonorum	A manmade exposure in the vicinity ofNorth Charleston, South Carolina.[7]	Partial skeleton (ChM PV 2778).[7]	A toothedmysticete.
	C. planifrons	Drainage ditch inNorth Charleston, South Carolina.[7]	Partial skeleton (CCNHM 166) & isolated upper right M3 (CCNHM 8732).[7]	A toothedmysticete.
Cotylocara	C. macei	[8]		Axenorophid.
Echovenator	E. sandersi	"Drainage ditch associated with Limehouse Branch Creek,Berkeley County, South Carolina".[9]	A nearly-complete skull.[9]	Axenorophid.
Eomysticetus	E. carolinensis	Bed 2.[10]		Amysticete.
	E whitmorei	Bed 3, uppermost portion of the formation.[10]		Amysticete.
cf.Eurhinodelphinidae		Upper sandy unit.[4]
cf.Squalodelphinidae		Upper sandy unit.[4]
Squalodon			A premolar (BCGM 9198).[11]

Sirenians reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Crenatosiren	C. olseni		[12]	Adugongid also known from theAshley andParachucla formations.
Metaxytherium	M. albifontanum		Remains of a subadult individual (SC 89.115) and a young adult individual (ChM PV4757).[13]	Adugongid also found in theParachucla Formation.
Priscosiren	P. atlantica		SC 89.254.[14]	Adugongid.
Stegosiren	S. macei		[15]	Adugongid also found in theAshley Formation.

Birds reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Palaeochenoides	P. mioceanus		Distal end of atarsometatarsus.[16]	A dubious pelagornithid, may instead be from theCooper Formation.
Pelagornis	P. sandersi	Bed 2 nearCharleston Airport.[17]		Apelagornithid.
Sulidae		Upper sandy unit.[4]
Tympanonesiotes	T. wetmorei		A very fragmentary piece oftarsometatarsus.[16]	A dubious pelagornithid, may instead be from theCooper Formation.

Crocodilians reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Gavialosuchus	G. carolinensis		A tooth (BCGM 9197).[11]	Now moved to the genusThecachampsa.[18]
Thecachampsa	T. carolinensis		A tooth (BCGM 9197).[11]	Agavialid.

Testudines reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Ashleychelys	A. palmeri		Multiple specimens.[19]	Acheloniid also found in theAshley Formation.
Bairdemys	B. healeyorum		A largely complete skeleton and a partial anterior carapace.[20]	Apodocnemid.
Carolinochelys	C. wilsoni	Upper sandy unit.[4]	Multiple specimens.[19]	Acheloniid.
cf.Egyptemys	cf.E. sp.	Bed 1.[21]	CCNHM 4289 (a ridged carapacial ossicle).[21]	Adermochelyid.
Natemys	N. sp. 1		CCNHM 4405.1–4405.5 (five associated non-ridged carapacial ossicles); CCNHM 5540, 5541, and 5542 (three non-ridged carapacial ossicles).[21]	Adermochelyid, also known from theAshley Formation.
Procolpochelys	P. charlestonensis		ChM PV6056 (a largely complete carapace associated with a few fragmentary vertebrae, pectoral girdle elements, humerus, and femur) and a skull fragment.[19]	Acheloniid.
cf.Psephophorus	cf.P. sp.	Bed 1.[21]	CCNHM 5543 (an isolated ridged ossicle).[21]	Adermochelyid, also found in theAshley Formation.

Rays reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Anoxypristis			A single rostral spine.[11]	Asawfish.
Dasyatidae	Dasyatidae gen. et. sp. indet.		Teeth (BCGM 9100 and 9101, SC 2009.18.19).[11]	Astingray.
Dasyatis	D. cavernosa		Teeth (BCGM 9096, 9097, and 9103, SC 2009.18.17).[11]	Astingray.
	D. rugosa		BCGM 9098 and 9099, SC 2009.18.18.[11]	Astingray.
Gymnura	G. sp.		A tooth (BCGM 9107).[11]	Abutterfly ray.
Mobula	M. cf.M. loupianensis		BCGM 9133–9142, SC 2009.18.20.[11]
Myliobatinae	Myliobatinae gen. indet.		Partial medial teeth and complete lateral teeth (BCGM 9114–9117, SC 2009.18.22).[11]	Aneagle ray.
Paramobula	P. fragilis		Teeth (BCGM 9111–9113, SC 2009.18.21).[11]
Plinthicus	P. stenodon	Upper sandy unit.[4]	BCGM 9118–9121, SC 2009.18.23[11]	The oldest record of this species.
Raja	Raja mccollumi	"Summerville,Dorchester County, South Carolina".[11]	Teeth.[11]	Askate also found in theAshley Formation.
	R. sp.		Teeth (BCGM 9087–9089, SC 2009.18.16).[11]	Askate with teeth twice as large as those ofR. mccollumi, but far less common.[11]
Rhinoptera	R. cf.R. studeri		Teeth (BCGM 9122 and 9123, SC 2009.18.24).[11]	Acownose ray.
	R. sp.	Upper sandy unit.[4]		Acownose ray.
Rhynchobatus	R. pristinus		Teeth (BCGM 9084–9086, SC 2009.18.14).[11]	Awedgefish.

Sharks reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Alopias	A. cf.A. vulpinus		Teeth (BCGM 9046–9048, SC 2009.18.3).[11]	Athresher shark.
Bythaelurus	B. sp.		A fragmentary tooth (BCGM 9074).[11]	Acatshark.
Carcharias	C. cuspidatus		Teeth (BCGM 9051 and 9052).[11]	Asand shark.
	C. sp.		A posterior tooth (BCGM 9053) and a lateral tooth from a very young individual (BCGM 9054).[11]	Asand shark.
Carcharhinus	C. gibbesi		BCGM 9056–9062, SC 2009.18.6.[11]	The most abundant non-batoidelasmobranch in the Chandler Bridge sample.[11]
	C. leucas	Upper sandy unit.[4]		Thebull shark.
Carcharocles	C. angustidens	Upper sandy unit.[4]	Teeth.[23]	Reassigned to the genusOtodus.
	C. sp.		Teeth (BCGM 9055, SC 2009.18.5).[11]	Reassigned to the genusOtodus.
Cetorhinus	?C. parvus		Scales (BCGM 9049 and 9050, SC 2009.18.4).[11]	Abasking shark.
Galeocerdo	G. 'casei'	Upper sandy unit.[4]
Galeorhinus	G. sp.		Teeth (BCGM 9080–9083, SC 2009.18.13).[11]	Ahoundshark.
Hemipristis	H. serra		Teeth (BCGM 9071–9073, SC 2009.18.10).[11]	Aweasel shark.
Nebrius	N. cf.N. serra		A tooth (SC 2009.18.1).[11]	Anurse shark.
Otodus	O. angustidens	Upper sandy unit.[4]	Teeth.[23]	Assemblages dominated by teeth of juveniles and neonates, with few adults present, suggesting a nursery area for the species.[23]
	O. sp.		Teeth (BCGM 9055, SC 2009.18.5).[11]	Amegatooth shark.
Physogaleus	P. aduncus		Teeth (BCGM 9063–9066, SC 2009.18.7).[11]	Aground shark.
	P. contortus	Upper sandy unit.[4]		Aground shark.
	P. sp.		Broken and/or abraded teeth (BCGM 9067 and 9068, SC 2009.18.8).[11]	Aground shark.
Rhincodon	R. cf.R. typus		Teeth (BCGM 9044 and 9045, SC 2009.18.2).[11]	The oldest fossil record of thewhale shark.
Rhizoprionodon	R. sp.		Small, imperfectly preserved teeth (BCGM 9069 and 9070, SC 2009.18.9).[11]	Asharpnose shark.
Sphyrna	S. cf.S. media		BCGM 9075–9077, SC 2009.18.11.[11]	Ahammerhead shark.
	S. zygaena		BCGM 9078 and 9079, SC 2009.18.12.[11]	The more common of the twohammerhead shark species found in the formation.[11]
Squatina	S. cf.S. angeloides		BCGM 9042 and 9043.[11]	Anangelshark.

• List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Carolina
• Paleontology in South Carolina

• Albright, L.B.; Sanders, A.E.; Weems, R.E.; Cicimurri, D.J.; Knight, J.L. (2019),"Cenozoic vertebrate biostratigraphy of South Carolina, U.S.A. and additions to the fauna",Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History,57 (2):77–236,doi:10.58782/flmnh.qqgg4577, retrieved2020-03-27

• Geologic formations of South Carolina
• Paleogene geology of South Carolina
• Oligocene Series of North America
• Chattian Stage
• Arikareean
• Sandstone formations of the United States
• Shallow marine deposits
• Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of North America
• Paleontology in South Carolina

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