Chanderi Chedi | |
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Town | |
 General view of Chanderi with Raja Rani Mahal, radio tower, Choubisi Jain temple and Kirti Durg | |
  Chanderi Location in Madhya Pradesh, India Show map of Madhya Pradesh Chanderi Chanderi (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:24°43′N78°08′E / 24.72°N 78.13°E /24.72; 78.13 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| Division | Gwalior |
| District | Ashoknagar |
| Region | Bundelkhand |
| Established | 11th century |
| Founded by | Raja Shishupal (mentioned inMahabharata) |
| Named after | Chedi Kingdom |
| Government | |
| • Type | City Municipality Board |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.7 km2 (4.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 456 m (1,496 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 33,081[1] |
| • Rank | 3rd inAshoknagar District |
| • Density | 3,090/km2 (8,010/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bundeli,Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Postal code | 473446 |
| Telephone code | 07547 |
| Vehicle registration | MP 67 |
| Website | chanderi.nic.in |
Chanderi, is a town of historical importance inAshoknagar District of the stateMadhya Pradesh in India. It is situated at a distance of 127 km fromShivpuri, 38 km fromLalitpur, 57 km fromAshok Nagar , About 348 fromjhansi about 46 km fromIsagarh. It is surrounded by hills southwest of theBetwa River. Chanderi is surrounded by hills, lakes and forests and is spotted with monuments of theMalwa Sultanate and theBundelaRajputs. It is also famous for ancientJain Temples.Its population in 2011 was 33,190.
in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, Chanderi came under the sway of the later Pratīhāra kings.[2] During this time, Chanderi is mentioned by the Persian scholarAlberuni in 1030.[citation needed]
Ghiyas ud din Balban captured the city in 1251 forNasiruddin Mahmud,Sultan of Delhi.[citation needed]
SultanMahmud I Khilji ofMalwa captured the city in 1438 after a siege of several months.[citation needed]Rana Sanga ofMewar conquer much of the Malwa along with Chanderi and appointed his vassalMedini Rai a rebellious minister of Sultan Mahmud II of Malwa as ruler of Malwa under his lordship. Medini Rai made Chanderi as capital of his kingdom.[3]
In theBattle of Chanderi, the Mughal EmperorBabur captured the fort from Medini Rai and witnessed the macabreRajput rite ofjauhar, in which, faced with certain defeat and in an attempt to escape dishonor in the hands of the enemy, women with children in their arms jumped in a fire pit to commit suicide, which was made for this specific purpose, against the background of vedic hymns recited by the priests.[citation needed] Jauhar was performed during the night and in the morning the men would rub the ashes of their dead women folk on their forehead, don a saffron garment known as kesariya, chew tulsi leaves (in India tulsi leaves are placed in the mouth of a dead body), symbolizing their awareness about impending death and resolve to fight and die with honour. This method of fighting & dying for the cause of retaining honour was calledsaka.[4] In 1529,Puran Mal defeated Babur's forces and captured Chanderi.[5][need quotation to verify] In 1542 it was captured bySher Shah Suri and added to the governorship ofShujaat Khan. The Mughal EmperorAkbar made the city asarkar in thesubah of Malwa.[citation needed]
TheBundela Rajputs captured the city in 1586, and it was held by Ram Sab, a son of Raja Madhukar ofOrchha.[citation needed] In 1646 Devi Singh Bundela was made ruler of the city, and Chanderi remained in the hands of his family until it was annexed in 1811 byJean Baptiste Filose for theMaratha rulerDaulat Rao Sindhia ofGwalior. The city was transferred to theBritish in 1844.The British lost control of the city during theRevolt of 1857, and the city was recaptured byHugh Rose on 14 March 1858.Richard Harte Keatinge led the assault, for which he was awarded theVictoria Cross. The city was transferred back to the Sindhias ofGwalior in 1861, and became part ofIsagarh District of Gwalior state.
After India's independence in 1947,Gwalior became the capital of the new state ofMadhya Bharat, which was merged intoMadhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956.
Chanderi is located at24°43′N78°08′E / 24.72°N 78.13°E /24.72; 78.13.[6] It has an average elevation of 456 metres (1496 feet).
As of 2001[update] Indiacensus,[7] Chanderi had a population of 28,313. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%.
There is a good roadway network in Chanderi. The town lies at State Highway 20 and National Highway 376 with connections to Ashoknagar, Ishagarh, Lalitpur etc.
There is no railway service in or near Chanderi but necessary administrative measures were adopted in 2014 for a line to be operated by Northern Railways on a Pipraigaon-Chanderi-Lalitpur route.[8]
The Chanderi area has been a major center ofJain culture. It was a major center of theParwar Jain community. There are a number of Jain places nearby- Gurilagiri (7 km), Aamanachar (29 km), Bithala (19 km), Bhamon (16 km), Khandargiri (2 km), Thuvanji (22 km) and Bhiyadant (14 km), andDeogarh, Uttar Pradesh (20 km, across the border).
The JainBhattarakas ofMula Sangh,Balatkara Gana had a center at Chanderi that flourished for several centuries. The lineage, as constructed by Pt. Phulachandra Shastri is as following:
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A branch of this lineage continued at Sironj.
List of Jain temples at Chanderi:[9]
Since the 14th century, Chanderi has been the seat of a Chishti Sufi saint named Mawlānā Wajīh al-Dīn Yūsuf (d. 729/1329), who was a noted disciple of Shaykh Niẓām al-Dīn Awliyā of Delhi (1238–1325) and studied together with Kamāl al-Dīn of Dhār and Mughīth al-Dīn of Ujjain.[16] In 1325, Mawlānā Yūsuf received a tunic and cap that had been worn by Niẓām al-Dīn as an insignia of spiritual succession (khilāfat).[17] Locally revered as Makhdoom Shāh-i Wilāyat, the saint's death anniversary (Urs) is celebrated every year from March 27 to 29, when his devotees flock to the dargah to offer chaadars and pray for the fulfilment of their wishes.[18] In addition to the shaykh's tomb, the dargah complex has a mosque, a residence (khānaqah) and several inscribed cenotaphs, including that of Shaykh Barakat b. Nasib b. Siraj who died on Monday 13 Muharram 924hijri (25 January 1518).[19]
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