Chaliyam | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Beypore Railway Station, incorrectly named, at Chaliyam was the terminus of the Madras Railway (South-West Line). | |
  Chaliyam Location in Kerala, India | |
| Coordinates:11°09′21″N75°48′30″E / 11.15592°N 75.80824°E /11.15592; 75.80824 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Kozhikode |
| Taluk | Kozhikode |
| Block panchayat | Kozhikode |
| STD Code | 0495 |
| Postal Code | 673301 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Kozhikode |
Chaliyam is a village situated at the estuary ofChaliyar (River Beypore) inKozhikode district ofKerala,India. This is the homeland of ImamShihabuddeen Ahmed Koya Shaliyathi. Chaliyam forms an island, bounded by theChaliyar in the north, andRiver Kadalundi in south, and the Conolly Canal in the east. It is located just opposite toBeypore port. Chaliyam (Beypore Railway Station) was the former terminus of the South-West Line of the Madras Railway. Chaliyam is also famous for theGuinness World Records holder Muhammed Adil, a P.M who covered around seven km in the Chaliyar River with his hand and legs tied with ropes.
Different names of Chaliyam:
Chaliyam is believed to be one of the location of the founding mosques of Kerala. As per this tradition, theqazi of the mosque established at Chaliyam was Taqy ud-Din.[4]Ibn Batutah seems to have visited Chaliyam in the 14th century. He describes the settlement: "I next came to the city of Shaliat, where the Shaliats are made and hence they derive their name. This is a fine city..."[4] The first railway line in Kerala was laid in 1861 fromTirur to Chaliyam throughTanur,Parappanangadi,Vallikkunnu, andKadalundi.[5]
Some sources allude to the presenceJewish settlements (12th and 13th centuries) in Chaliyam.[6]
As per a peace agreement between Portuguese Viceroy Nuno da Cunha and the Samutiri of Kozhikode, a Portuguese fort was constructed at Chaliyam in 1531. The Fort Chaliyam was eventually besieged, captured and destroyed by the Kozhikode forces in 1571. A certain Portuguese officer called Attaide was in charge of the fort at this time.[7][4]
Chaliyam is also famous for theKhalasi.[7]
Beypore Railway Station, incorrectly named, at Chaliyam was the terminus of the Madras Railway (South-West Line).[4]
The ancient maritime port of Tyndis is identified withKadalundi-Chaliyam-Beypore region.Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only toMuziris, between the Cheras and theRoman Empire.[8]Pliny the Elder (1st century CE) states that the port ofTyndis was located at the northwestern border ofKeprobotos (Chera dynasty).[9] TheNorth Malabar region, which lies north of the port atTyndis, was ruled by the kingdom ofEzhimala duringSangam period.[10] According to thePeriplus of the Erythraean Sea, a region known asLimyrike began atNaura andTyndis. However, thePtolemy mentions onlyTyndis as theLimyrike's starting point. The region probably ended atKanyakumari; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-dayMalabar Coast. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at 50,000,000sesterces.[11]Pliny the Elder mentioned thatLimyrike was prone by pirates.[12] TheCosmas Indicopleustes mentioned that theLimyrike was a source of peppers.[13][14]
According to theLegend of Cheraman Perumals, the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD atKodungallur with the mandate of the last the ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) ofChera dynasty, who converted to Islam during the lifetime ofMuhammad (c. 570–632).[15][16][17][18] According toQissat Shakarwati Farmad, theMasjids atKodungallur,Kollam, Madayi,Barkur,Mangalore,Kasaragod,Kannur,Dharmadam,Panthalayini, and Chaliyam, were built during the era ofMalik Dinar, and they are among the oldestMasjids in theIndian subcontinent.[19] It is believed thatMalik Dinar died atThalangara inKasaragod town.[20]
Chaliyam, on the southern bank ofChaliyar river and the northern bank ofKadalundi River, was a part the kingdom ofParappanad during medieval period.[21] The rulers of Parappanad were vassals to theZamorin of Calicut.[22] The headquarters of Parappanad royal family was the coastal town ofParappanangadi in present-dayMalappuram district.[23] In the 15th century,Parappanad Swaroopam was divided into two - Northern Parappanad (Beypore Swaroopam) and Southern Parappanad (Parappur Swaroopam).[22] Kadalundi,Vallikkunnu, andParappanangadi, were included in Southern Parappanad.[21]Beypore,Cheruvannur, andPanniyankara, on northern bank ofChaliyar, became Northern Parappanad.[21]
It is also known the ruler of theKingdom of Tanur (Vettathunadu Swaroopam), had assisted thePortuguese to build a fort at the island of Chaliyam, which was a part of Southern Parappanad, and was destructed during theSiege of Chaliyam in 1571.[22] Feroke became a part of theKingdom of Mysore in the late 18th century CE.[22] Chaliyam became a part of theKingdom of Mysore in the late 18th century.[22] Following theThird Anglo-Mysore War and the subsequentTreaty of Seringapatam, Chaliyam became a part ofMalabar District underBritish Raj.[22] Chaliyam was included inEranadTaluk in theMalappuram Revenue Division of Malabar District with its Taluk headquarters atManjeri.[24][21][25] Following the formation of the state ofKerala in 1956, Chaliyam became a part ofTirurangadiRevenue block ofTirur Taluk.[23][26] On 16 June 1969,Eranad Taluk, Tirur Taluk, Tirurangadi, and Parappanangadi, were transferred to newly formedMalappuram district.[26] However, three revenue villages ofTirur Taluk, namely, Feroke,Ramanattukara, andKadalundi, remained in Kozhikode district, as they were much closer toKozhikode city centre.[26] However Kadalundi Nagaram beach (whereKadalundi River flows into Arabian Sea, a part ofVallikkunnu Grama Panchayat),Tenhipalam, the centre ofUniversity of Calicut, andKarippur, the site ofCalicut International Airport, became parts of Malappuram.[26] Feroke, Ramanattukara, and Kadalundi are parts of Kozhikode Taluk andKozhikode metropolitan area.[27][28]
