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Central Loloish languages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sino-Tibetan language branch
Central Loloish
Central Ngwi
Geographic
distribution
Southern China,Northern Vietnam,Northern Thailand,Laos,Myanmar
EthnicityYi people
Linguistic classificationSino-Tibetan
Language codes
GlottologNone

TheCentral Loloish languages, also known asCentral Ngwi, is a branch ofLoloish languages in Bradley (1997). It is not used in Lama's (2012) classification. Central Loloish is also not supported in Satterthwaite-Phillips' (2011) computational phylogenetic analysis of the Lolo-Burmese languages.[1]

Languages

[edit]

Lama (2012) considers Central Loloish to beparaphyletic, and splits up Bradley's (1997) Central Loloish into the following independent branches of Loloish. TheLawu language group has been added from Yang (2012)[2] and Hsiu (2017).[3]

Lisoish is the largest and most diverse group.Jinuo is classified as aHanoish (Southern Loloish) language in Lama (2012).

Innovations

[edit]

Pelkey (2011:367) lists the following as Central Ngwi innovations.

  • Proto-Ngwi tone categories 1 and 2: tone splitting that is widespread
  • Proto-Ngwi tone category 2 splits to *glottal-prefixed initials (higher-pitched reflexes) and *non-glottal-prefixed initials (lower-pitched reflexes; with a subsequent flip-flop in Lahu)
  • Proto-Ngwi tone category L prefixed stop initials > high/rising pitch reflexes
  • Family group classifiers paradigmatized with disyllabic forms, vowel leveling, and other systemic changes
  • Burmic extensive paradigm is moderately grammaticalized; more than Southern Ngwi, but fewer than Northern Ngwi
  • Lexical innovations for 'dog' and 'fire'

References

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  1. ^Satterthwaite-Phillips, Damian. 2011.Phylogenetic inference of the Tibeto-Burman languages or On the usefulness of lexicostatistics (and "Megalo"-comparison) for the subgrouping of Tibeto-Burman. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.
  2. ^abYang, Cathryn. 2012.Phonology sketch and classification of Lawu, an undocumented Ngwi language of Yunnan. InLinguistic Discovery, Volume 10, Issue 2, Year 2012. Hanover, NH: Dartmouth College.
  3. ^abHsiu, Andrew. 2017.The Lawu languages: footprints along the Red River valley corridor.
  • Bradley, David (1997). "Tibeto-Burman languages and classification". InTibeto-Burman languages of the Himalayas, Papers in South East Asian linguistics. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  • Lama, Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan (2012).Subgrouping of Nisoic (Yi) Languages. Ph.D. thesis, University of Texas at Arlington.
  • Pelkey, Jamin. 2011.Dialectology as Dialectic: Interpreting Phula Variation. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Sino-Tibetan branches
WesternHimalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim)
Greater Magaric
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
EasternHimalayas
(Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal)
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
Naga
Sal
East andSoutheast Asia
Burmo-Qiangic
Dubious (possible
isolates,Arunachal)
Greater Siangic
Proposed groupings
Proto-languages
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
Mondzish
Kathu
Nuclear Mondzish
Loloish
(Yi)
(Ngwi)
Southern Loloish
(Southern Ngwi)
(Hanoish)
Hanoid
Akha
Hani
Haoni
Bisoid
Siloid
Bi-Ka
Mpi
Jino
Central Loloish
(Central Ngwi)
Lawoish
Lahoish
Nusoish
Lisoish
Laloid
Taloid
Kazhuoish
Nisoish
Northern Loloish
(Northern Ngwi)
(Nisoid)
Nosoid
Nasoid
Southeastern Loloish
(Southeastern Ngwi)
(Axi-Puoid)
Nisu
Sani–Azha
Highland Phula
Riverine Phula
others
Burmish
Northern
High Northern
Hpon
Mid Northern
Southern
Intha-Danu
Nuclear Southern
Pai-lang
(Proto-languages)
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