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Central Asmat language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Papuan language of West New Guinea
Central Asmat
Native toIndonesia
RegionAsmat Regency,South Papua
EthnicityAsmat people
Native speakers
(7,000 cited 1972)[1]
2,000 Yaosakor (1991), perhaps counted above
Language codes
ISO 639-3cns – inclusive code
Individual code:
asy – Yaosakor Asmat
Glottologcent2247

Central Asmat is aPapuan language ofWest New Guinea, spoken by theAsmat people.

Dialects

[edit]

Central Asmat has a number of dialects, which are:[2]

  • Keenok
  • Sokoni
  • Keenakap
  • Kawenak (subdialects: Simai, Kainak, Mismam, Mecemup)

Yaosakor Asmat, assigned its own ISO code, is a variety of Central Asmat, not a distinct language.

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
LabialAlveolarPalatalVelar
Nasalmn
Plosiveptk
Fricativefsʝ
Rhoticr
Approximantw
  • /p/ can be heard as a fricative[ɸ] when in intervocalic positions, as[] in the speech of older speakers when preceding /e/.
  • /tʃ/ can be heard as a palatalized[] when in word-final positions following /i/.
  • /k/ can be heard as a fricative[x] when following a vowel and preceding a consonant.
  • /s/ can be heard as fricatives[θ] or[ʃ] among some older speakers.
  • /r/ can be heard as a flap[ɾ] in word-medial and word-final positions.
  • /ʝ/ can be heard as[] or[j] in word-initial positions.
  • Nasals /m, n/ may fluctuate to voiced stops [b,d] in word-initial positions, and as prenasal stops [ᵐb,ⁿd] when in syllable-initial positions.[3]

Vowels

[edit]
FrontCentralBack
Highiu
Mideəo
Lowa
PhonemeAllophones
/i/[i],[y],[ɪ]
/e/[e],[ɛ],[ø]
/a/[ä],[a],[æ]
/o/[o],[ɤ],[ɔ]
/u/[u],[ʉ]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Central Asmat atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
    Yaosakor Asmat atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  2. ^Usher, Timothy; Suter, Edgar (2020)."The Asmat-Muli Languages of Southwestern New Guinea"(PDF).Language & Linguistics in Melanesia.38. Port Moresby: Journal of the Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea.ISSN 0023-1959.
  3. ^Voorhoeve, Clemens L. (1965).The Flamingo Bay Dialect of the Asmat Language. The Hague: M.Nijhoff.
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