 | This article includes a list ofgeneral references, butit lacks sufficient correspondinginline citations. Please help toimprove this article byintroducing more precise citations.(June 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Celiac ganglia | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Celiac and cranial mesenteric ganglion . 1Crus sinistrum (Diaphragma), 2hiatus aorticus, 3Aorta, 4Arteria lumbalis, 5Nervus splanchnicus major, 6Arteria coeliaca, 7Arteria phrenica caudalis, 8Celiac ganglion, 9Plexus coeliacus, 10Inferior mesenteric ganglia, 11superior mesenteric plexus, 12Superior mesenteric artery, 13Nervus splanchnicus minor, 14Adrenal gland, 15Arteria abdominalis cranialis, 16Stomach, 17Liver (Lobus caudatus), 18Kidney | |
| Details | |
| From | Thoracic splanchnic nerves |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | ganglia coeliaca |
| TA98 | A14.3.03.027 |
| TA2 | 6639 |
| FMA | 77570 77584, 77570 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
Theceliac ganglia orcoeliac ganglia are two large irregularly shaped masses ofnerve tissue in the upperabdomen. Part of thesympathetic subdivision of theautonomic nervous system (ANS), the two celiac ganglia are the largestganglia in the ANS, and they innervate most of thedigestive tract.
They have the appearance oflymph glands and are placed on either side of the midline in front of thecrura of thediaphragm, close to theadrenal glands. The ganglion on the right side is placed behind theinferior vena cava.
They are sometimes referred to as thesemilunar ganglia or thesolar ganglia.
The celiac ganglion is part of the sympathetic prevertebral chain possessing a great variety of specific receptors and neurotransmitters such ascatecholamines,neuropeptides, and nitric oxide and constitutes a modulation center in the pathway of the afferent and efferent fibers between the central nervous system and the ovary.
The main preganglion neurotransmitter of the celiac ganglion isacetylcholine, yet the celiac ganglion-mesenteric complex also contain α and β adrenergic receptors and is innervated by fibers of adrenergic nature that come from otherpreaortic ganglia.
The upper part of each ganglion is joined by thegreater splanchnic nerve, while the lower part, which is segmented off and named theaorticorenal ganglion, receives thelesser splanchnic nerve and gives off the greater part of therenal plexus.
These ganglia contain neurons whose postganglionic axons innervate the distal esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, and the small intestine. They directly innervate the ovarian theca and secondary interstitial cells and exert an indirect action on the luteal cells.
Modifications in the adrenergic activity of the celiac ganglion results in an altered capacity of the ovary of pregnant rats to produce progesterone, suggesting that the celiac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve-ovarian axis provides a direct link between the autonomic nervous system and the physiology of pregnancy.[1] It has also been shown that modifications in the cholinergic input at the celiac ganglion also led, via the superior ovarian nerve, to modifications in ovariansteroidogenesis.[1][2][3] Most of the fibers of the superior ovarian nerve come from the postganglionic sympathetic neurons of the celiac ganglion.
This article incorporates text in thepublic domain frompage 985 of the 20th edition ofGray's Anatomy(1918)
Anatomy of theautonomic nervous system | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head |
| ||||
| Neck |
| ||||
| Thorax |
| ||||
| Abdomen |
| ||||
| Pelvis |
| ||||
