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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Zinnat, Ceftin, Ceftum |
| Other names | Cefuroxime 1-acetoxyethyl ester |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a601206 |
| Routes of administration | By mouth,intravenous,intramuscular |
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| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | well absorbed |
| Metabolism | Cefuroxime is not metabolized and excreted as it is in urine, axetil is metabolized toacetaldehyde andacetic acid[medical citation needed] |
| Excretion | Urine |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChemCID | |
| DrugBank | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
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| ChEMBL | |
| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.166.374 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C20H22N4O10S |
| Molar mass | 510.47 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Cefuroxime axetil, sold under the brand name Ceftin among others, is a second generation oralcephalosporinantibiotic.
It is an acetoxyethyl esterprodrug ofcefuroxime which is effective orally.[2] The activity depends onin vivohydrolysis and release of cefuroxime tablets.[citation needed]
It was patented in 1976 and approved for medical use in 1987.[3]
Second generation cephalosporins are more effective in treating Gram-negative bacilli compared to first generation cephalosporins, which have a greater coverage for Gram-positive cocci. Also, it has been reported that cefuroxime is resistant to hydrolysis by β-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria.[4]
Cefuroxime axetil treats infections against methicillin-, oxacillin- and penicillin-sensitive bacterial strains.[7] Cefuroxime axetil does not work against enterococci.[5]
Gram-positive aerobic microorganisms
Gram-negative aerobic microorganisms
Cefuroxime axetil is a second generationcephalosporin that, likepenicillins antibiotics, contains a β-lactam ring structure. Cephalosporins work as bactericidal antibiotics; that by binding topenicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), inhibit the last step of the bacterial cell wall synthesis. Once the β-lactam ring binds to PBPs, cross-linking between peptidoglycan units is inhibited.[4]
Absorption: Once consumed, cefuroxime axetil is converted to the active compound cefuroxime by esterases of mucosal cells in the gastrointestinal tract. Cefuroxime is then released for systematic circulation. If cefuroxime axetil is given with food, absorption values can increase from 37% in fasting patients to 52% in fed patients.[5]
Distribution: It has been reported that after cefuroxime axetil administration, it can be found in tonsil tissue, sinus tissue, bronchial tissue and middle ear effusion.[5]
Elimination: After cefuroxime production, the body is unable to metabolize the drug, and is eliminated unchanged in the urine.[5]
It was discovered by Glaxo (nowGlaxoSmithKline) and introduced in 1987.[8] It was approved by FDA on 28 December 1987.[9] It is available byGSK as Ceftin in the US[10] and Ceftum in India.[11]
"Cefuroxime Injection: MedlinePlus Drug Information".MedlinePlus.
