Squadron Leader Cecil Arthur Lewis | |
|---|---|
 Cecil Arthur Lewis c. 1916 | |
| Born | (1898-03-29)29 March 1898 Birkenhead,United Kingdom |
| Died | 27 January 1997(1997-01-27) (aged 98) London,United Kingdom |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Service |  British Army Royal Air Force |
| Years of service | 1915–1919 1939–1945 |
| Rank |  Squadron Leader |
| Unit | |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards |  Military Cross |
| Spouse(s) | Evdekia Dmitrievna Horvath |
| Children | 2 |
| Other work | Flight instructor A founding executive of the British Broadcasting Company Journalist for the Daily Mail Author |
Cecil Arthur LewisMC (29 March 1898 – 27 January 1997) was a British fighterace who flew withNo. 56 Squadron RAF in theFirst World War, and was credited with destroying eight enemy aircraft. He went on to be a founding executive of theBritish Broadcasting Company and to enjoy a long career as a writer, notably of the aviation classicSagittarius Rising, some scenes from which were represented in the filmAces High.[1][better source needed]
Lewis was born on 29 March 1898 at 11, Radnor Place,Birkenhead, then in Cheshire, the only child of Edward Williams Lewis, a Congregational minister, by his marriage to Alice Rigby.[2] His parents had been married atRuncorn in 1896.[3] After a short time atDulwich College,[2] the young Lewis was educated atUniversity College School andOundle,[4][5] leaving school at the age of seventeen.[2]
Lewis joined theRoyal Flying Corps in 1915 after lying about his age, and learned to fly atBrooklands inSurrey.[6] In 1916, he flew theMorane Parasol on operations withNo. 3 Squadron and was awarded theMilitary Cross for his actions during theBattle of the Somme.[7][8] Flying over the battlefield on theFirst day on the Somme (1 July 1916) to report on British troop movements, Lewis witnessed the blowing of themines at La Boiselle. He later described the early morning scene in his bookSagittarius Rising.
We were to watch the opening of the attack, coordinate the infantry flare (the job we have been rehearsing for months) and stay over the lines for two and a half hours.
It had been arranged that continuous overlapping patrols would fly throughout the day. Lewis's patrol was ordered "to keep clear ofLa Boiselle" because of the mines that were to be blown. As he watched from above the village ofThiepval, almost two miles from where the mines exploded, Lewis saw a remarkable sight,
At Boiselle the earth heaved and flashed, a tremendous and magnificent column rose up into the sky. There was an ear-spitting roar, drowning all the guns flinging the machine sideways in the repercussing air. The earthly column rose, higher and higher to almost four thousand feet.
Lewis's aircraft was hit by lumps of mud thrown out by the explosion.[9]
During May and June 1917, when he was flying theS.E.5a with the elite56 Squadron, Lewis was credited with eight victories.[10] Back in England, Lewis served with44 and61 Squadrons on Home Defence before returning to France in late 1918 with152 (Night-Fighter) Squadron, flying theSopwith Camel, as aflight commander with the rank of captain.[11]
A forty-minute interview with Lewis, describing his experiences as a First World War pilot, was recorded by the BBC in 1963–64 and later made available online as part of the centenary commemorations of the war.[12] In it, Lewis describes how on his first flight he had the most unusual experience of seeing 9-inch howitzer shells turning over in flight at 8,000 feet before descending to the target. He also described his most frightening experience of the war: a reconnaissance flight at 1,000 feet during the initial bombardment before the battle of the Somme. This entailed flying along the line of fire of shells. Close passing shells caused severe turbulence to his aircraft and a number of his friends were killed.[12]
After the war, Lewis was hired by theVickers company to teach Chinese pilots to fly and to establish a Peking–Shanghai air service usingVickers Commercials, the civilian version of theVickers Vimy bomber. In Peking in 1921 Lewis married Evdekia Dmitrievna Horvath, known as Doushka (1902–2005), the daughter of a Russian general.[13] He returned to England when the air service project was abandoned by Vickers after a couple of years. With his first wife, he had one son and one daughter.[4]
Through a friend, the Russian singerVladimir Rosing, Lewis met the artistCharles Ricketts, who became his artistic mentor and sponsor. After Ricketts's death in 1931, Lewis edited his letters and journals for publication. Some of Ricketts' ashes were buried in the park of Lewis's villa atArolo [it] onLake Maggiore,[14] which Ricketts had given him £300 to buy.[5]
In 1922 Lewis was one of the five young founding executives of the British Broadcasting Company, precursor of theBritish Broadcasting Corporation, where he was a writer, producer and director.[15] The other four wereJohn Reith,Arthur Burrows,Stanton Jefferies andPeter Eckersley. In 1927 he participated in the BBC's first sports broadcasts, assisting commentatorTeddy Wakelam. In 1931, he co-wrote and directed a short film adaptation of theGeorge Bernard Shaw playHow He Lied to Her Husband. In late 1936 – early 1937 he was a producer and presenter for the infant BBC Television Service atAlexandra Palace.[16] At the1938 Academy Awards ceremony, Lewis, Shaw,Ian Dalrymple andW. P. Lipscomb were awardedOscars for their screen adaptation ofPygmalion.[17]
Lewis joined theRoyal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in early 1939 as apilot officer and served in theMediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II, rising to the rank ofsquadron leader.[18][19] Bernard Shaw wrote of Lewis: "This prince of pilots has had a charmed life in every sense of the word. He is a thinker, a master of words and a bit of a poet.".[20]
During the late 1940s Lewis became enamoured with the teachings of the Greek-Armenian mysticGurdjieff. In 1947 he flew aMiles Gemini to South Africa, where he spent the next three years on a farm he established, but the farm was not a success, and in 1950 he returned to England. He joined theDaily Mail in 1956 as a journalist, formally retiring in 1966.[5]
In 1963 he was interviewed by the BBC as part ofThe Great War TV series. In 2014 Lewis was among those included as the BBC broadcast full versions of some of the interviews onBBC Four. The selection had been curated byMax Hastings, formerly a young researcher for the original TV series.[21][22] This was later made available on theiPlayer titled The Great War Interviews.[23]
After his last job, Lewis moved toCorfu, where he spent the rest of his life, continuing to write until well into his nineties. He became the last surviving Britishflying ace of the Great War.
On 12 May 1991, he appeared onDesert Island Discs with presenterSue Lawley.[24] His chosen discs were:
His chosen book to take to the desert island was his own (then recently published)Sagittarius Surviving. His chosen luxury was a fax machine, which was a debatable choice according to the rules ofDesert Island Discs.
In Peking in 1921 Lewis married Evdekia Dmitrievna Horvath, known as Doushka (1902–2005), the eighteen-year-old daughter of Dmitri Horvath, an Imperial Russian general, and brought her home to England the next year. On arrival in London, Doushka spoke little English, and the couple began by speaking to each other in French. They had a son, Ivor, in 1923, and a daughter, Celia, in 1924, and settled in Chelsea while Lewis was working for the BBC.[13][25] Through Shaw, who became Lewis's mentor, the Lewises metT. E. Lawrence,Noël Coward,Paul Robeson,Sybil Thorndike, andH. G. Wells. The marriage struggled, as, according to Doushka, Lewis was "a compulsive philanderer". On the strength of the success ofSagittarius Rising (1936), Lewis moved to Hollywood but Doushka returned to Peking, to stay with her mother.[13] After Hollywood, Lewis went to Tahiti to find a simpler life, which he recorded inThe Trumpet is Mine (1938), then to Italy to writeChallenge of the Night (1938). In 1939 he came back to England to join the RAF as a flying instructor.[5] Doushka stayed in Peking for almost three years. Lewis met her on her return to England but there was no reconciliation. They were divorced in 1940. Doushka married Cedric Williams and they had a daughter but later divorced.[13]
In 1942, atHolborn, London, Lewis married Olga H. Burnett but they had no children and were divorced in 1950.[26] In 1960, he married Frances Lowe, known as Fanny.[4] In 1970, they bought a 26-foot boat and together sailed it to Corfu, a story told inTurn Right for Corfu (1972). The couple settled there until Lewis's death in 1997.[5] In 1996, when Lewis and Doushka were in their nineties, he published his last book,So Long Ago, So Far Away.[13]
... How old are you?' 'Almost eighteen, sir.' (Liar! You were seventeen last month.) ...
