Cary began as a railroad village and became known as an educational center in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[4] In April 1907,Cary High School became the first state-funded public high school in North Carolina.[5][6][7] The creation of the nearbyResearch Triangle Park in 1959 resulted in Cary's population doubling in a few years, tripling in the 1970s, and doubling in both the 1980s and 1990s.[8][9] Cary is now the location of technology companies, includingSAS Institute, the world's largest privately held software company.[10][11]
In Cary, 68.4% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, which is higher than the state average.[12] In 2021, it was identified as the safest mid-sized place to live in the United States, based on 2019FBI data.[13] It also has a median household income of $113,782, higher than the county average of $88,471 or the state average of $60,516.[14][15][3]
Before the arrival ofEuropean settlers, theTuscarora andCatawba people lived in what is now called Cary.[16][17] However, their numbers were greatly reduced due to smallpox epidemics, resulting from contact with Europeans who carried the disease and having no prior immunity.[17]
In the 1750s, John Bradford moved to the area and opened an ordinary or inn, giving Cary its first name—Bradford's Ordinary.[18] However, most of the land remained in the hands of two men, both named Nathaniel Jones. Arriving around 1775, Jones of White Plains plantation owned 10,461 acres (4,233 ha) in eastern Cary, while Jones of Crabtree owned most of what is now western Cary.[18][19] After theRevolutionary War, the community was on the road between the new capital inRaleigh and theUniversity of North Carolina inChapel Hill.[20] In the early 19th-century, Eli Yates added a gristmill and sawmill to the community, while Rufus Jones founded the first free school in the 1840s, along with Asbury Methodist Church, the community's first church.[18][20]
In 1854, Bradford's Ordinary was linked to a major transportation route when theNorth Carolina Railroad came through the settlement, followed by theChatham Railroad in 1868.[18][21] The railroad tracks were laid mostly byenslaved people.[22] Wake County farmer and lumbermanAllison Francis Page also arrived in 1854 and is credited with founding the town.[23][24] For $2,000, Page purchased 300 acres (121.4 ha) surrounding the planned railroad junction and built his home called Pages, a sawmill, and a general store.[25][19][23] Page also donated 10 acres (4.0 ha) for a railroad depot.[19]
The community was unofficially known as Page, Page's Siding, Page's Station, Page's Tavern, and Page's Turnout.[26][27] In 1856, Page added a post office and became the town's first postmaster.[19][27] Page named the community Cary because of his admiration forSamuel Fenton Cary, head of theSons of Temperance in North America, who had delivered an oration in Raleigh two months prior.[28][29][30][31]
Cary's population grew after the Civil War with the completion of the Chatham Railroad junction.[22] Around 1868, the town's first depot was built for the Chatham Railroad, and Page laid out 1 acre (0.40 ha) residential lots and streets, including Academy and Chatham Streets.[19][4][22] At the time, most of Cary's men worked for the railroads, but other businesses included a furniture factory, two shingle factories, a tannery, a shoe factory, a brick factory, and a window sash and blind factory.[19][24] Around 1868, Page also built aSecond Empire style hotel for railroad passengers, known today as thePage-Walker Hotel.[34]
Page, Adolphus Jones, and Rufus Jones established Cary Academy, a private boarding school later known as the Female Institute and Cary Female Academy.[5][20][23] The two-story school was built in 1870 on Page's land at the end of Academy Street with lumber milled on-site by Page.[5][19][20] Other additions to the town included Page's tobacco warehouse, First Methodist Church, First Baptist Church, and the Cary Colored Christian Church (the latter on land donated by Page), along with two free schools for whites and two free schools for blacks.[20]
Cary was incorporated on April 3, 1871, with Page serving as the first mayor.[18][26] Its boundaries were established as 1 sq mi (2.6 km2), with the center being the Chatham Railroad warehouse.[22] Because Page supportedtemperance, Cary's Act of Incorporation prohibited the sale of whiskey in the town's boundary and its surrounding 2 sq mi (5.2 km2); an 1889 addition the Act of Incorporation also banned "any vinous, spirituous or malt liquors, cider or peach brandies".[18][21][29] Page left Cary in 1880, following lumber opportunities inMoore County.[23] However, Cary's prohibition law was in place until 1964 when it was superseded by State and county laws.[35][36][37]
TheRaleigh and Augusta Air–Line Railroad arrived in Cary in 1879, creating Fetner Junction just north of downtown and spurring further growth. Sixteen Cary residents purchased Cary Academy in 1896 and converted it into the private boarding school, Cary High School, which had 248 students from across the state by 1900.[38][39][20] When the North Carolina legislature passed a law establishing a system of public high schools in 1907,Cary High School was transferred to the State for $2,750, giving Cary its claim of having the first state-funded public high school in the state.[39][40] Town bonds and the State funded a new brick school building in 1913; it was expanded in 1939 withWPA assistance.[25] Today that structure survives as theCary Arts Center.[41]
In the 1920s, the paved Western Wake Highway (now Western Blvd.) connected Cary to Raleigh via automobile, followed by paved roads toDurham andApex.[20][8] This enabled Cary's residents to commute for work, and the town's population grew by 64% during the decade.[20][8] Electricity came to Cary in 1921.[42] For the first time, Cary had housing developments, along with a volunteer fire department and municipal water and sewage system.[20] A Masonic Lodge was added to downtown in the 1920s.[43] During theGreat Depression, the Bank of Cary failed, and the town went bankrupt.[22] Conditions were so challenging that Cary had four mayors in two years.[22]
In the 1930s, a newNorth Carolina State University research farm supported Cary's farmers.[20] One Cary garden club began growinggourds and showed their products and related crafts at theNorth Carolina State Fair.[44] After the club's first annual Gourd Festival in 1944, they sent exhibits to the International Gourd Society Festival inPasadena, California and took many prizes[45] This earned Cary the nickname"Gourd Capital of the World", a designation reflected by gourds circling the original version of the town seal.[44][26] Now namedNorth Carolina Gourd Festival, the annual event moved to the North Carolina State Fairgrounds in 2000.[46][47][48]
AfterWorld War II, Cary began to attract industry, including the Taylor Biscuit Company (later Austin Foods), which became the town's largest employer with some 200 employees.[20] Cary expanded its original single square mile boundary and created aPlanning and Zoning Board in 1949.[26] All the streets in Cary were paved by the early 1950s and residential suburbs began forming around the downtown area, including Veteran Hills, Russell Hills, and Montclair subdivisions. The town gained its first supermarket,Piggly Wiggly, in 1950, followed by the Cary Public Library in 1960, and a town-funded fire department in 1961.[20]
The population and number of developments in Cary continued to increase in the 1960s and 1970s after the opening of the nearbyResearch Triangle Park (RTP) in 1959.[26][42][49] This rapid growth was planned; the State built a four-lane road between Cary and the Research Triangle Park as part of the agreement to attract RTP to North Carolina.[50][51] Historian Jordan R. Bauer says, "The sleepy town of Cary...was the ideal place for an emerging class of scientific and technical workers".[50][51] Initially, Cary adopted zoning and other ordinances on an ad hoc basis to control growth and give the town structure, including its first subdivision regulations in 1961 and a zoning and land-use plan in 1963.[20] To deal with the problem of overcrowding in schools, several new schools were constructed in the 1960s. Cary High School was the first school in Wake County to integrate in 1963.[52] Other ways Cary dealt with the rapid growth in the 1960s was adopting subdivision regulations in 1961, updating zoning ordinances and their land use plan in 1963, and connecting to Raleigh's sewer and water systems in the early 1960s.[43]
In 1971, the town createdPlanned Unit Development (PUD) zoning, which lets a developer plan an entire community before beginning construction, allowing future residents to know where churches, schools, commercial, and industrial areas will be located in advance.[20] Developed on the Pine State Dairy's former Kildaire Farm, the 967-acre (391.3 ha) Kildaire Farms development in Cary was North Carolina's first PUD.[53]
In 1960, Cary's population was 3,356 but by 1970, it had grown to 7,686.[54] To preserve its small-town feel, of Cary formed the Community Appearance Commission in 1972, which focused on regulating the look of downtown through sign ordinances.[52] The Land Dedication Ordinance of 1974 required developers to set aside one acre of green space for every 35 housing units constructed.[52] During the 1980s, Cary created Industrial Performance Districts, which increased the town's tax base by encouraging businesses to build within the town's limits.[52] Cary had its own sewer system by the 1980s. The PUD model became so popular in Cary that 22 more were created between 1980 and 1992.[55]
By 2000, Cary's population had grown to 94,536.[54] Concerned about forty years of steady growth, in 2008 the town council commissioned theCary Historic Preservation Master Plan to establish a coordinated approach tohistoric preservation.[56] Cary now has three districts recognized by theNational Register of Historic Places: theCarpenter Historic District, theGreen Level Historic District, and theCary Historic District.[57] In addition, the town has designed ten local landmarks which receive a property tax break in exchange for oversight of exterior changes to the structures by the town's Historic Preservation Commission.[57]
Located in thepiedmont region of North Carolina, most of Cary is in western Wake County, with neighborhood-sized sections in the northeast corner of Chatham County and small portions of southwest Durham County.[58][59][60] According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 61.05 square miles (158.1 km2), of which 59.94 square miles (155.2 km2) is land and 1.11 square miles (2.9 km2) (1.82%) is water.[2] Cary is bordered on the north and east by Raleigh, generally toward the north by Research Triangle Park andMorrisville, on the south by Apex andHolly Springs, and on the west by theJordan Lake area.[59]
Cary is seated on the boundary between theDurham Basin with its softersedimentary rocks and the piedmont with its hardermetamorphic rocks; both geologic provinces haveigneous rock intrusions.[61] The landscape is typically gentle to moderate sloping hills separated by narrow V-shaped valleys, but there are areas with steeper slopes and broader,U-shaped valleys in western Cary, roughly along NC 55 near the Research Triangle Park and north of Green Hope School Road.[61] Cary's average elevation is 495 ft (151 m).[1]
The Carydrainage basin includes three main creeks—theCrabtree, the Swift, and the Walnut—which are alltributaries of theNeuse River.[19] Most streams in the area have narrow floodplains with riverine wetlands, but Crabtree, Middle, Swift, andWhite Oak Creeks are larger and have broader floodplains.[62] There are several small lakes in the area, most notablyLake Crabtree, created for flood control of Crabtree Creek.[63][64] Jordan Lake is a large reservoir, flood control, and recreational facility that abuts part of western Cary.[65]
Suburbanization is the typical land use in Cary. However, some areas are still undeveloped forests or agricultural, such as the agricultural areas west of NC 55 inGreen Level,Upper Middle Creek and theCarpenter community.[66] There is a mixture of matureconifers andbroadleaf trees in Cary's parks, nature preserves, and older subdivisions such as Farmington Woods, Greenwood Forest, and Kildaire Farms because tree preservation was a key design element.[66][67] According to theTown of Cary Land Use Plan, newer construction in Cary, both residential and commercial, shows "less regard for tree preservation and replanting."[68]
Cary has ahumid subtropical climate (Cfa) under theKöppen climate classification system, with hot summers, mildly cold winters with 3.2 in (8.1 cm) of snow annually, and several months of pleasant weather each year.[69] Temperature extremes in Cary range from the single digits to over 100 °F (38 °C).[69]Tropical cyclones can affect Cary, usually after weakening substantially from being over land.[69] Some, such asHurricane Fran in 1996, have caused great damage in the area.[70]
Climate data for Cary, North Carolina (1991–2020 normals, extremes 2000–present)
As of the2020 census, there were 174,721 residents of Cary residing in 62,789 households.[3][12] The population density of Cary is 2,949.7 people per 1 sq mi (2.6 km2), versus 1,353.3 for Wake County and 214.7 for North Carolina.[3][15][14]
According to theAmerican Community Survey, an estimated 68.4% of adults in Cary age 25 years or older have a bachelor's degree or higher.[12] In addition, 98.6% of Cary's households are estimated to have a computer, and 96.0% have broadband.[12][3]
Cary, North Carolina – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the U.S. census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
During the 1970s and 1980s, the high number of non-native-born North Carolinians moving to the town for employment in the Research Triangle Park led native-born North Carolinians to refer to Cary derisively as "Containment Area for Relocated Yankees".[80] As of the 2020 Census, 28.97% of Cary's population was born in North Carolina, 77.87% were born in the United States, and 22.13% were foreign-born.[12]
According to the 2021census estimate,[3] the median household income in Cary is $113,782 or $55,710 per capita. The percentage of Cary's residents living in poverty is 4.4%, and just 5.9% of its population under the age of 65 lacked health insurance.[3][12] Between 2017 and 2021, the median value of owner-occupied houses in Cary was $404,300.[3] The homeownership rate (owner-occupied housing units to total units) is 66.8%.[3] However, there are growing concerns about Cary's lack of affordable housing.[81] Over the past twenty years, Cary has added 10,000 jobs earning $35,000 or less; however, the cost of housing has increased significantly.[81] The Town of Cary says that less than 20% of its employees can afford to live in the town.[82] The median rental cost in Cary is $1,392 per month.[42][12][3] The cost of living in Cary is rated at 115, with 100 being the national average.[83]
Manufacturers located in Cary include Austin Foods/Kellogg's which makes snack foods, andLord Corporation which makes adhesives, coatings, and motion management devices for aerospace and automobiles.Cotton Incorporated is a non–profit located in Cary which conducts worldwide research and promotes the use of cotton.[90]
Cary's public art collection includes more than forty works displayed in public spaces throughout the town.[92] Many of the town's facilities include art gallery spaces with changing exhibits, including theBond Park Community Center, the Cary Arts Center, the Cary Senior Center, the Cary Town Hall Gallery, the Herbert C. Young Community Center, and thePage–Walker Arts & History Center.[93]
The Cary History Museum is located in the Page-Walker Arts and History Center and features a timeline exhibit of local history.[94] The Stevens Nature Center is located at theHemlock Bluffs Nature Preserve and has interactive nature and history exhibits.[95] The BIG Pictures Museum Without Walls is the town's traveling outdoor exhibit.[96]
Town-owned performance venues include the Cary Arts Center,Koka Booth Amphitheatre, and Sertoma Amphitheatre atBond Park.[97][98][99] The town also operates a multi-use cultural facility in a renovated movie theater called The Cary Theater.[100]
The Cary community supports a wide variety of public events throughout the year. An annual tradition since 1959,Cary Band Day brings high school marching bands from across the southeast to compete in one of the oldest and best-known regional competitions.[101] Cary supports artists with two festivals: Spring Daze Arts & Crafts Festival and Lazy Daze Arts & Crafts Festival.[102][103] For the latter, the town closes the main downtown roads for two days, a tradition since 1976.[102]
Numerous multicultural events showcase the diversity of Cary. The annualDiwali Celebration, the Indian Festival of Light, features an exhibition of Indian art and culture with music, dance, handicrafts, and food.[104] Presented by Asian Focus and the town, theGreater Triangle Area Dragon Boat Festival includes displays, food, performances, anddragon boat races between club and community teams.[105] Founded in 2004, the Ritmo Latino Festival showcases music, art, dance, and food from theHispanic world.[106] One of the newest annual events in Cary, theNorth Carolina Chinese Lantern Festival is quickly becoming a town favorite with its illuminating nighttime celebration of theChinese New Year with more than 2,500 handcrafted silk lanterns.[107][108]
Located in western Cary, the 210 acres (85 ha)Carpenter Historic District is a former rural crossroads that featureslate Victorian andColonial Revival buildings, dating from 1895 to 1933.[113] The primary structure in the district is thec. 1895/1916 brick Carpenter Farm Supply Company which has been described as "the most substantial early twentieth-century store building in rural Wake County".[113][114] Other contributing buildings to the historic district include houses, an assemblage of farming structures, and other commercial structures.[113] The most prominent house is the William Henry Carpenter Boarding House which features a simple Victorian porch and gable ornamentation and was used as a residence for railroad workers.[113]Cary'sGreen Level Historic District is located in western Cary, just east of theChatham County line in theWhite Oak township.[115][116] Its 75 acres (30 ha) includes a late 19th to early 20th-century crossroads centered around the intersection of Green Level Church Road and Green Level West Road and a railroad spur.[115] Most historic structures in the district are along Green Level Church Road, including community buildings, farms, houses, and stores.[115] The 1907 Green Level Baptist Church is one of the best examples of rural church architecture inWake County.[115] ThisGothic Revival church was the "visual and social focal point of the community".[115] The A.M. and Vallaria Council Farm is a good example of a late 19th-century tobacco farm, with its related tobacco barns and other secondary buildings dating to the 1900s through the 1930s.[115] Thec. 1916 Alious H. and Daisey Mills farmhouse is the largest building in the historic district and features a hip roof and slenderDoric columns on its porch.[115] It is located across the road and east of the church, on property that includes other historic houses, including a store and farm buildings ranging from a potato shed to a well-house.[115] The two-story Alious Mills Store was built around 1916 and expanded in the 1930s.[115] The one-story Vick and Mattie Council House was built in the 19th century and featured Victorian detailing, such as patterned shingles and decorative vents.[115] The one-story Kenneth and Reba Mills House is an example of a 1930sTudor Revival.[115]
SAS Institute has led the way in bringing modern high-rise architecture to Cary but has placed its 25 buildings in a 900 acres (360 ha) parklike setting away from the historic core of town.[117][118][119] SAS's Building A is ten-stories tall with 990 offices and several two-story atriums.[118] One writer notes, "The design of its headquarters reflects both its status as a tech giant and its original academic routes."[117] For example, eight solar installations power part of the SAS campus.[117] Building Q is a six-story 22,000 sq ft (2,000 m2)LEED Gold certified office building that is not only sustainable with features such as a green roof, but is also "light-filled, comfortable, and functional" according to LS3P architects.[120][118] Building Q also has artwork on every floor; the SAS art collection includes some 4,600 works.[117][120]
The 24-acre (9.7 ha)Cary Tennis Park is one of the most extensive public tennis facilities in the southeastern United States and features 32 courts, including a championship stadium.[131] In 2019, the facility was one of 25 locations in the United States recognized for "excellence in the construction" by theUnited States Tennis Association.[132]
Despite its sizable population, Cary is classified as a "town" because that is how it was incorporated with the State; North Carolina has no legal distinction between a city and a town for size.[133][134] Cary has acouncil-manager government; the mayor and council members serve a four-year term, with half of the council seats being up for election each odd-numbered year. Four of the six council seats are elected bysingle-member districts; the remaining two seats are elected asat-large representatives, meaning they must attract a majority of votes across the whole town.[135] Notable mayors includeFred Bond Jr. (1971–1983),Koka Booth (1987–1999),Glen Lang (1999–2003), andHarold Weinbrecht (2007–present).[136][137]
As of August 2024, the town council consists of mayorHarold Weinbrecht and representatives Jennifer Robinson (District A, Mayor Pro Tem), Michelle Craig (District B), Jack W. Smith (District C), Sarika Bansal (District D), Lori Bush (at-large), and Carissa Kohn-Johnson (at-large). On October 9, 2007, Weinbrecht defeated incumbent mayor Ernie McAlister in the 2007 mayoral election.[138] Citizen concerns that rapid growth was adversely affecting infrastructure and environment over the effect rapid growth was having on the town, especially on roads, schools, and the environment, led to McAlister's ouster and Weinbrecht's reelection in2011,2015, and2019, and2023.[138][139]
On December 26, 2009,The Nation reported thatImmigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) had secret prisons in the United States, where it held suspected illegal immigrants indefinitely before deportation.[140] It reported that at least one of these secret federal prisons was allegedly located in an office building in Cary.[140] Part of the federal government'sDepartment of Homeland Security, ICE has leased an office in Cary for more than ten years.[141] However, both ICE and the town says that no detainees are kept overnight at this location.[142][141]
Cary has three charter schools: the K–8 grade Cardinal Charter Academy, the K–7 grade Peak Charter Academy, and the K–11 grade Triangle Math and Science Academy.[144][146]
Public transit within the town is provided byGoCary, with six fixed–routes.[153] There is a door-to-door service for senior citizens and riders with disabilities.[154]GoTriangle operates fixed-route buses that serve Wake County and connect to Go transit systems in Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill.[155][154]
Amtrak'sSilver Star,Carolinian, andPiedmont passenger trains stop at theCary Station, providing service to Charlotte, New York City, Miami, and intermediate points.[156][157] Constructed in 1995 and expanded in 2011, the station was the fifth-busiest in the state in 2024 and includes 130 free parking spaces.[157][158][159]
In 2010, theLeague of American Bicyclists designated Cary as one of the fourteen recipients of the firstBicycle-Friendly Community awards for "providing safe accommodation and facilities for bicyclists and encouraging residents to bike for transportation and recreation".[160] Cary maintains over 200 mi (320 km) of bike-friendly road and greenways facilities.[161] In addition,U.S. Bicycle Route 1 (Carolina Connector) andN.C. Bicycle Route #2, (Mountains to Sea), both pass through suburban Cary.[162]
Cary maintains a network of 82 mi (132 km) of greenways and trails that connect neighborhoods and parks throughout the town.[8] The 23 mi (37 km)American Tobacco Trail, built on a retired section of railroad, passes through parts of Cary.[163]
TheRaleigh–Durham International Airport (RDU) is north of Cary (Cary provides water to the airport) and covers 80 nonstop destinations via 19 carriers.[164][165] RDU served nearly 15.5 million passengers in 2024, eclipsing the pre-COVID-19 pandemic high of 14.2 million in 2019.[166]
Duke Energy provides electricity for Cary.[174]Dominion Energy has provided natural gas to Cary since 2019, when it acquired the Public Service Company of North Carolina.[175] Cary's primary water source is the B. Everett Jordan Reservoir (also known as Jordan Lake), which is treated at the Cary/Apex Water Treatment Facility.[176] Water and sewage accounts are overseen by the Town of Cary.[177] Cary also provides bi-weekly curbside recycling.[178]
In 2016, Cary created its Simulated Smart City Program, which allows the town to test and evaluateInternet of Things (IoT) andsmart city technologies in its town hall campus.[179] Technologies already tested and expanded into the community include sensors for public parking that reveal available spots, smart street lights that dim when not needed, smart trash and recycling containers that message when they are full, and free outdoorWi-Fi via beacons.[179][180] The first town-wide IoT project was a smart water monitoring system with analytics from theSAS Institute, which can detect leaks.[181][182] TheNational Recreation and Park Association noted, "These technologies offer more than just cost savings for the city of Cary. They also provide convenient quality-of-life improvements for citizens, and in many cases help lower environmental waste."[180] Cary and SAS also collaborated on an IoT stormwater flood alert system, winning the 2020 IDC Smart Cities North American Awards (Smart Water Category) and the 2020 Government Innovation Award (Leveraging IoT for Increased Flood Protection).[183][184]
In 2021, Cary installed IoT and smart city technologies that give emergency vehicles faster access through pedestrian crossings, railroad crossings, school zones, and traffic lights.[183] This is the first citywide system like this in North Carolina. Paid for by the town with a matching grant from theU.S Department of Transportation, this project involved fifteen pedestrian crossings, 100 school safety beacons, 205 traffic signals, and railroad crossings.
In late 2021, Cary announced a new tech-focused Center of Excellence that brings together the town,SAS, andSemtech Corporation, to create new community services and expand the digital infrastructure.[184][185]Connected World says, "In the quest for developing smarter cities across the country, ...the town of Cary, N.C., is one of the smartest towns in the United States".[186]
^abcdefBishir, Catherine W.; Southern, Michael T. (2003).A Guide to the Historic Architecture of Piedmont North Carolina. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press. p. 133.ISBN080782772X.
^abBauer, J. R. (2020). "Silicon Valley with a drawl: Making North Carolina's Research Triangle and Selling the High-Tech South."North Carolina Historical Review,97(3), p. 13. via EBSCO
^abBauer, Jordan R. 2021. "Brain Magnet: Research Triangle Park and the Idea of the Idea Economy."North Carolina Historical Review 98 (3): 356–58. via EBSCO, March 14, 2022
^abTown of Cary Planning Department (May 27, 2010)."Historic Preservation Plan: Introduction".Town of Cary Comprehensive Plan. Vol. VIII. Town of Cary. p. 2. RetrievedJanuary 27, 2022.
^Wolfram, Walt; Reaser, Jeffrey (2014).Talkin' Tar Heel: How Our Voices Tell the Story of North Carolina. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. p. 80.ISBN978-1-4696-1437-3.
^abcdKelly Lally Molloy and M. Ruth Little (December 1999). "Carpenter Historic District" (pdf).National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved February 27, 2022
^abcdefghijkKelly Lally Molloy and M. Ruth Little (June 2000). "Green Level Historic District" (pdf).National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved February 28, 2022
^Chris Wright (May 30, 2013). "Cary native Scalf leads UNC Wilmington to baseball success". Raleigh, NC:The News & Observer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved November 17, 2013
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